Waterborne copper exposure up-regulated lipid deposition through the methylation of GRP78 and PGC1α of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella.

Early molecular events after the exposure of heavy metals, such as aberrant DNA methylation, suggest that DNA methylation was important in regulating physiological processes for animals and accordingly could be used as environmental biomarkers. In the present study, we found that copper (Cu) exposure increased lipid content and induced the DNA hypermethylation at the whole genome level. Especially, Cu induced hypermethylation of glucose-regulated protein 78 (grp78) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (pgc1α).

The adverse events associated with combination immunotherapy in cancers: Challenges and chances.

With the development of cancer immunotherapy, the combination strategy is becoming prevalent. Multiple relevant clinical trials are ongoing in this field. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurred more frequently, showing a different pattern from single-agent therapy.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumors: A Single-Center Experience.

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors (PMGCTs) are rare. The natural history and optimal treatment strategies still need to be defined. The aim of the study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of PMGCTs.

Demethylase-independent function of JMJD2D as a novel antagonist of p53 to promote Liver Cancer initiation and progression.

As a histone demethylase, JMJD2D can enhance gene expression by specifically demethylating H3K9me2/3 and plays an important role in promoting colorectal cancer progression. However, its role in liver cancer remains unclear. The expression of JMJD2D was examined in human liver cancer specimens and non-tumorous liver tissues by immunohistochemical or immunoblot analysis.

miR-101b Regulates Lipid Deposition and Metabolism of Primary Hepatocytes in Teleost Yellow Catfish .

Excessive fat deposition in the hepatocytes, associated with excess dietary fat intake, was related to the occurrence of fatty livers in fish. miR-101b plays the important roles in controlling lipid metabolism, but the underlying mechanism at the post-transcriptional level remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the roles and mechanism of miR-101b-mediating lipid deposition and metabolism in yellow catfish .

Analysis of conserved miRNAs in cynomolgus macaque genome using small RNA sequencing and homology searching.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators that fine-tune diverse cellular activities. Cynomolgus macaques () are used extensively in biomedical and pharmaceutical research; however, substantially fewer miRNAs have been identified in this species than in humans. Consequently, we investigated conserved miRNA profiles in cynomolgus macaques by homology searching and small RNA sequencing.

Pressure ulcers and skin infections after cochlear implantation: A delayed yet serious issue.

Objectives: Skin flap infection is one of the most common complications of cochlear implantation (CI). We identified the causes of skin flap pressure ulcer over the antenna site and proposed wound management strategies.

Methods: A total of 250 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent CI to treat profound hearing loss were retrospectively assessed.

Decision Algorithm for Prescribing SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease and its comorbid conditions, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes, and obesity, are interconnected conditions that compound the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular mortality, and exponentiate health care costs. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) are novel diabetes medications that prevent cardiovascular events and kidney failure. Clinical trials exploring the cardiovascular and kidney outcomes of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA have fundamentally shifted the treatment paradigm of diabetes.

Co-Occurring Alterations of ERBB2 Exon 20 Insertion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and the Potential Indicator of Response to Afatinib.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2, HER-2) exon 20 insertion (ERBB2ex20ins) remains a refractory oncogenic driver in lung cancer. So far there is limited data showing the co-occurring mutation background of ERBB2ex20ins in Chinese lung cancer and its relationship with response to afatinib. A total of 112 Chinese patients with ERBB2ex20ins identified by next-generation sequencing from 17 hospitals were enrolled.

One-step ultrasonic synthesis of Co/Ni-catecholates for improved performance in oxygen reduction reaction.

The inherent periodically arranged M-N, M-S and M-O units (M are usually Fe, Co, Ni, etc.) in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be promising active centers in electrocatalysis. In previous studies, MOFs were usually constructed by energy-consuming hydro- or solvo-thermal reactions.

Analysis of MET kinase domain rearrangement in NSCLC.

Objectives: Many MET rearrangements have been identified in various tumor types. However, the frequencies and characteristics of MET rearrangements are not well defined in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We sought to illustrate the distribution of MET kinase domain rearrangements (KDREs) in NSCLC, and to uncover novel targets for further drug development in these patients.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of discharged patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 on the Qinghai Plateau.

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in Wuhan, a series of confirmed cases of COVID-19 were found on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. We aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of all confirmed cases in Qinghai, a province at high altitude. The region had no sustained local transmission.

SETDB1 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer via epigenetically silencing p21 expression.

SETDB1, a histone H3K9 methyltransferase, has been reported to be upregulated in a variety of tumors and promotes cancer development. However, the exact pathogenesis of SETDB1 in human colorectal cancer (CRC) is hitherto unknown. Here, we showed that SETDB1 expression was highly amplified in CRC.

Effects of Surgery on Survival of Early-Stage Patients With SCLC: Propensity Score Analysis and Nomogram Construction in SEER Database.

We aimed to assess the survival benefit of surgery for patients with stage IA-IIB small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and construct a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS). Patients who had been diagnosed with stage IA-IIB SCLC between 2004 and 2014 and who had received active treatment were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The primary endpoint was OS.

Modal Coupling Effect in a Novel Nonlinear Micromechanical Resonator.

Capacitive micromechanical resonators share electrodes with the same bias voltage, resulting in the occurrence of electrostatic coupling between intrinsic modes. Unlike the traditional mechanical coupling, the electrostatic coupling is determined by the structural electric potential energy, and generally, it only occurs when the coupling modes operate in nonlinear regions. However, previous electrostatic coupling studies mainly focus on the stiffness softening region, with little attention on the opposite stiffness hardening condition.

UV-Stable and Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells by Employing Wide Band gap NaTaO as an Electron-Transporting Layer.

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still suffer from stability issues which are caused by possible erosions from moisture, ultraviolet (UV) light, heat, and so forth. An electron-transporting layer (ETL), that is, TiO, is a key component for state-of-the-art PSCs. However, UV-caused desorption of O in TiO would accelerate the degradation of PSCs.

High Prevalence and Low Awareness of Albuminuria in the Community Setting in the KDSAP.

Introduction: Albuminuria is a sign of kidney disease and associated with adverse outcomes. However, most individuals with albuminuria are unaware of it. The Kidney Disease Screening and Awareness Program (KDSAP) aims for early detection and raising awareness of albuminuria, targeting underserved populations in communities.

Presynaptic long-term potentiation requires extracellular signal-regulated kinases in the anterior cingulate cortex.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases are widely expressed protein kinases in neurons, which serve as important intracellular signaling molecules for central plasticity such as long-term potentiation. Recent studies demonstrate that there are two major forms of long-term potentiation in cortical areas related to pain: postsynaptic long-term potentiation and presynaptic long-term potentiation. In particular, presynaptic long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex has been shown to contribute to chronic pain-related anxiety.

Ascending noradrenergic excitation from the locus coeruleus to the anterior cingulate cortex.

Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays important roles in sensory perception including pain and itch. Neurons in the ACC receive various neuromodulatory inputs from subcortical structures, including locus coeruleus noradrenaline (LC-NA) neurons. Few studies have been reported about synaptic and behavioral functions of LC-NA projections to the ACC.

Sex difference in synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex of adult mice.

Sex differences in certain types of pain sensitivity and emotional responses have been previously reported. Synaptic plasticity is a key cellular mechanism for pain perception and emotional regulation, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). However, it is unclear whether there is a sex difference at synaptic level.

Retrospective analysis of the effectiveness and tolerability of nab-paclitaxel in Chinese elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Background: Previous trials have suggested that elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could benefit from nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel). Real-world data on the elderly Chinese population are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness and tolerability of nab-paclitaxel in Chinese elderly patients (≥65 years) with advanced NSCLC.

Cortical potentiation induced by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the insular cortex of adult mice.

Recent studies demonstrate that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays critical roles in migraine. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization studies have shown that CGRP and its receptors are expressed in cortical areas that are critical for pain perception including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insular cortex (IC). Recent studies reported that CGRP enhanced excitatory transmission in the ACC.

Hypoxia potentiates the capacity of melanoma cells to evade cisplatin and doxorubicin cytotoxicity via glycolytic shift.

The hypoxic environment within solid tumors impedes the efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatments. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia augments the capacity of melanoma cells to withstand cisplatin and doxorubicin cytotoxicity. We show that B16F10 cells derived from spontaneously formed melanoma and YUMM1.

Nano-Zn Increased Zn Accumulation and Triglyceride Content by Up-Regulating Lipogenesis in Freshwater Teleost, Yellow Catfish .

The present study was conducted to explore the mechanism of nano-Zn absorption and its influence on lipid metabolism in the intestine of yellow catfish . Compared to ZnSO, dietary nano-Zn addition increased the triglyceride (TG) content, enzymatic activities of malic enzyme (ME) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and up-regulated mRNA levels of , , , , , and . Using primary intestinal epithelial cells of yellow catfish, compared to the ZnSO group, nano-Zn incubation increased the contents of TG and free fatty acids (FFA), the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6GPD), ME, and FAS, up-regulated mRNA levels of lipogenic genes (, , , , and ), genes of lipid transport ( and ), and Zn transport genes ( and ), and increased the protein expression of fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ).