Glucocorticoid therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: Current concepts.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a fatal critical disease, is induced by various insults. ARDS represents a major global public health burden, and the management of ARDS continues to challenge healthcare systems globally, especially during the pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There remains no confirmed specific pharmacotherapy for ARDS, despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology.

Extracerebral multiple organ dysfunction and interactions with brain injury after cardiac arrest.

Cardiac arrest and successful resuscitation cause whole-body ischemia and reperfusion, leading to brain injury and extracerebral multiple organ dysfunction. Brain injury is the leading cause of death and long-term disability in resuscitated survivors, and was conceptualized and treated as an isolated injury, which has neglected the brain-visceral organ crosstalk. Extracerebral organ dysfunction is common and is significantly associated with mortality and poor neurological prognosis after resuscitation.

Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 exerts neuroprotection effects after cardiac arrest in mice: A randomized controlled study.

Background: Post-cardiac arrest brain injury (PCABI) is the leading cause of death in survivors of cardiac arrest (CA). Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM-3) is a water-soluble exogenous carbon monoxide that has been shown to have neuroprotection benefits in several neurological disease models. However, the effects of CORM-3 on PCABI is still unclear.

Efficacy and safety of remimazolam-based sedation for intensive care unit patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a cohort study.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting sedative, but its safety and adverse events (AEs) in high-risk patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting remain unknown.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study that compared remimazolam to propofol and midazolam in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The primary outcome was the incidence of treatment-related AEs.

AA147 ameliorates post-cardiac arrest cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through the co-regulation of the ATF6 and Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Ischemia/reperfusion caused by cardiac arrest (CA) disturbs endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and redox balance in neurons. AA147, originally developed as a pharmacologic activator of the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), can protect multiple tissues from ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restoring ER function. However, it is unclear whether pharmacologic treatment of AA147 could ameliorate post-CA cerebral IRI and whether it is associated with proteostasis regulation and anti-oxidative stress mechanism.

Forecasting of reducing sugar yield from corncob after ultrafine grinding pretreatment based on GM(1,N) method and evaluation of biohydrogen production potential.

Pretreatment of biomass helps to enhance reducing sugar yield from biomass during enzyme hydrolysis tests. Ultrafine grinding was applied to pretreat corncob. The effect of affecting factors including milling time, initial particle size and ball to power weight on the reducing sugar yield from corncob was investigated firstly.

Morphology Evolution of a High-Efficiency PSC by Modulating the Vapor Process.

The morphological quality of the photoactive layer is the key component affecting the performance metrics of a photovoltaic device. Therefore, fine adjustment of the crystallization dynamics is urgently required. By manipulating the amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) remaining in the spin-coated perovskite films during the annealing treatment, an obvious morphological evolution arises.

Alkali Metal Doping for Improved CHNHPbI Perovskite Solar Cells.

Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites are proven to be a promising semiconductor material as the absorber layer of solar cells. However, the perovskite films always suffer from nonuniform coverage or high trap state density due to the polycrystalline characteristics, which degrade the photoelectric properties of thin films. Herein, the alkali metal ions which are stable against oxidation and reduction are used in the perovskite precursor solution to induce the process of crystallization and nucleation, then affect the properties of the perovskite film.