The joint associations of ambient air pollutants and weather factors with mortality: Evidence from a national time-stratified case-crossover study in China.

Background: People in daily life are usually exposed to multiple environmental factors, but few studies have evaluated the joint health impacts of ambient air pollutants and weather factors.

Objectives: To investigate the joint associations of short-term exposures to ambient air pollutants and weather factors with mortality and estimate the mortality burden attributable to these multiple environmental exposures in China.

Methods: We collected individual death information from six provinces (Guangdong, Yunnan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Tibet and Jilin) in China during 2013 to 2018, and applied a time-stratified case-crossover study design to estimate the joint associations of air pollutants [PM (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.

Projecting future minimum mortality temperature in China.

Minimum mortality temperature (MMT) increases with global warming due to climate adaptation, which is crucial for the precise assessment of mortality burden attributed to climate change. Nevertheless, forecasting future MMT poses a challenge given the unavailability of future mortality data. Here, we attempted to develop a novel approach to project future MMT.

Joint effects of heat-humidity compound events on drowning mortality in Southern China.

Background: Several previous studies have examined the association of ambient temperature with drowning. However, no study has investigated the effects of heat-humidity compound events on drowning mortality.

Methods: The drowning mortality data and meteorological data during the five hottest months (May to September) were collected from 46 cities in Southern China (2013-2018 in Guangdong, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces).

Control and guidance: a comparative study of building and planning standards for age-friendly built environment in the UK and China.

The crux of building and planning standards for age-friendly built environment in all countries resides in the regulation of age-friendly built environment practices, yet there exist variations in the representation of content dimensions. The UK is distinguished by its discretionary approach to guidance, whereas China exhibits a highly controlled disposition. Control and guidance may appear to be antithetical, it is essential to recognize that the building and planning standards for age-friendly built environment in both countries never deviate from the legal constraints while providing guidance in achieving age-friendly environments, thus striking a delicate balance between control and guidance.

The comparison of mortality burden between exposure to dry-cold events and wet-cold events: A nationwide study in China.

Background: Most previous studies have focused on the health effect of temperature or humidity, and few studies have explored the combined health effects of exposure to temperature and humidity. This study aims to estimate the relationship between humidity-cold events and mortality, and then to compare the mortality burden between exposure to dry-cold events and wet-cold events, and finally to explore whether there was an additive interaction of temperature and humidity on mortality.

Methods: In the study, Daily mortality data during 2006-2017 were collected from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in China, and daily mean temperature and daily mean relative humidity data from 698 weather stations in China were obtained from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service system.

The Combined Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Multiple Meteorological Factors on Unintentional Drowning Mortality: Large Case-Crossover Study.

Background: Drowning is a serious public health problem worldwide. Previous epidemiological studies on the association between meteorological factors and drowning mainly focused on individual weather factors, and the combined effect of mixed exposure to multiple meteorological factors on drowning is unclear.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the combined effects of multiple meteorological factors on unintentional drowning mortality in China and to identify the important meteorological factors contributing to drowning mortality.

Mortality burden based on the associations of ambient PM with cause-specific mortality in China: Evidence from a death-spectrum wide association study (DWAS).

Although studies have estimated the associations of PM with total mortality or cardiopulmonary mortality, few have comprehensively examined cause-specific mortality risk and burden caused by ambient PM. Thus, this study investigated the association of short-term exposure to PM with cause-specific mortality using a death-spectrum wide association study (DWAS). Individual information of 5,450,764 deaths during 2013-2018 were collected from six provinces in China.

The joint and interaction effect of high temperature and humidity on mortality in China.

Background: Although many studies have reported the mortality effect of temperature, there were few studies on the mortality risk of humidity, let alone the joint effect of temperature and humidity. This study aimed to investigate the joint and interaction effect of high temperature and relative humidity on mortality in China, which will deepen understanding the health risk of mixture climate exposure.

Methods: The mortality and meteorological data were collected from 353 locations in China (2013-2017 in Jilin, Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan provinces, 2009-2017 in Zhejiang province, and 2006-2011 in other Provinces).

Future injury mortality burden attributable to compound hot extremes will significantly increase in China.

Background: As climate change, compound hot extremes (CHEs), daytime and nighttime persistent hot extremes, are projected to become much more frequent and intense, which may pose a serious threat to human health. However, evidence on the impact of CHEs on injury is rare.

Methods: We collected injury death data and daily meteorological data from six Chinese provinces during 2013-2018.

The Spring Festival Is Associated With Increased Mortality Risk in China: A Study Based on 285 Chinese Locations.

Background: The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. This study aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to the Spring Festival.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, daily meteorological, air pollution, and mortality data were collected from 285 locations in China.

Urban-rural disparity of the short-term association of PM with mortality and its attributable burden.

Although studies have investigated the associations between PM and mortality risk, evidence from rural areas is scarce. We aimed to compare the PM-mortality associations between urban cities and rural areas in China. Daily mortality and air pollution data were collected from 215 locations during 2014-2017 in China.

Long-term exposure to ambient temperature and mortality risk in China: A nationwide study using the difference-in-differences design.

The short-term effects of ambient temperature on mortality have been widely investigated. However, the epidemiological evidence on the long-term effects of temperature on mortality is rare. In present study, we conducted a nationwide quasi-experimental design, which based on a variant of difference-in-differences (DID) approach, to examine the association between long-term exposure to ambient temperature and mortality risk in China, and to analyze the effect modification of population characteristics and socioeconomic status.

COVID-19 Super Spreading Event Amongst Elderly Individuals - Jilin Province, China, January 2021.

Summary:

Unlabelled: Clusters of COVID-19 cases often happened in small settings (e.g., families, offices, school, or workplaces) that facilitate person-to-person virus transmission, especially from a common exposure.

Ambient Temperature and Years of Life Lost: A National Study in China.

Although numerous studies have investigated premature deaths attributable to temperature, effects of temperature on years of life lost (YLL) remain unclear. We estimated the relationship between temperatures and YLL, and quantified the YLL per death caused by temperature in China. We collected daily meteorological and mortality data, and calculated the daily YLL values for 364 locations (2013-2017 in Yunnan, Guangdong, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Jilin provinces, and 2006-2011 in other locations) in China.

Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Fracture in China: The China Osteoporosis Prevalence Study.

Importance: The aging of the population is associated with an increasing burden of fractures worldwide. However, the epidemiological features of fractures in mainland China are not well known.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with osteoporosis, clinical fractures, and vertebral fractures in an adult population 40 years or older in mainland China.

Age-specific disparity in life loss per death attributable to ambient temperature: A nationwide time-series study in China.

Age-specific discrepancy of mortality burden attributed to temperature, measured as years of life lost (YLL), has been rarely investigated. We investigated age-specific temperature-YLL rates (per 100,000) relationships and quantified YLL per death caused by non-optimal temperature in China. We collected daily meteorological data, population data and daily death counts from 364 locations in China during 2006-2017.

Life loss of cardiovascular diseases per death attributable to ambient temperature: A national time series analysis based on 364 locations in China.

Background: Although the effect of ambient temperature on cardiovascular disease (CVDs) has been well explored, studies using years of life lost (YLLs) as the outcome especially evaluating the average life loss per death attributable to temperatures were rare. We examine the associations between ambient temperature and YLLs of CVDs, and further quantify temperature-related life loss per death.

Methods: Daily YLL rates were calculated using death data from 364 locations across China during 2006-2017, and meteorological data were collected for the same period.

Comparison of life loss per death attributable to ambient temperature among various development regions: a nationwide study in 364 locations in China.

Background: Several studies have investigated the associations between ambient temperature and years of life lost (YLLs), but few focused on the difference of life loss attributable to temperature among different socioeconomic development levels.

Objectives: We investigated the disparity in temperature-YLL rate relationships and life loss per death attributable to nonoptimal temperature in regions with various development levels.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-four Chinese counties or districts were classified into 92 high-development regions (HDRs) and 272 low-development regions (LDRs) according to socioeconomic factors of each location using K-means clustering approach.