[The dynamics of ischemic heart disease and the risk factors among the male population of Moscow in the 1985 to 1995 period].

The trends in prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and risk factors for 1985-1995 have been studied on random representative samples of male population from Moscow. For the decade studied IHD incidence increased, especially in younger males. Changes in IHD risk factors were the following: systolic and diastolic pressures were on the increase.

[The characteristics of the levels of the blood pressure, physical development and risk factors for atherosclerosis in schoolchildren living in areas of radioactive contamination].

One-stage epidemiological survey for prevalence of standard risk factors (blood pressure, body weight, atherosclerosis, smoking) has been performed on a representative sample of 828 schoolchildren aged 7-17 living in the Bryansk region (winter 1993). This territory underwent radionuclide contamination after the Chernobyl accident (1-5 Ci/km2). The comparison population consisted of matched schoolchildren from Moscow.

[The epidemiology of systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension in relation to risk factors and education among the male population of some cities of Russia, the CIS nations and the Baltic states (a cooperative study)].

The prevalence of systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension (AH) was studied on a material of random representative samples of male population aged 20-54 years in the cities of Moscow, Saint Petersburg [correction of Sankt-Peterburg], Tallinn, Kiev, Novosibirsk, Alma-Ata, Tashkent and Bishkek. AH was estimated in connection with risk factors (RF) from the standpoint of uni- and multidimensional statistical analysis. It has been established that RF (age, cholesterol and triglycerides concentration, overweight and alcohol use) make more significant contribution into the prevalence of diastolic AH whereas the systolic AH prevalence is largely determined only by age and education.

[A genetic-epidemiological model of predisposition to ischemic heart disease (1)].

A genetic and epidemiological sample of 20-59-year-old males, Moscow residents (n = 3141), was surveyed. The authors obtained data on the prevalence of coronary heart disease from epidemiological criteria and genealogical data on cardiovascular diseases by the "Familial History" questionnaire in the first-degree relatives who were interviewed by using a genetic and mathematical monolocus diallelic model. It was found that out of the 10 possible variants under study a genetic and environmental variant with independent penetrance of 3 genotypes adequately describes the prevalence of coronary heart disease in the families and in the population.

[Significance of risk factors in the prevalence of ischemic heart disease in men living in different climatic-geographic areas of Russia, the CIS countries and the Baltic states (a cooperative study)].

The paper deals with the contribution of risk factors to the spread of coronary heart disease (CHD) among males living in various cities and towns of Russia, CIS countries and Baltic states. The examination of random representative samples of male populations established that risk factors, such as age, arterial hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipoproteinemia, and smoking (p < 0.05), make a significant contribution to the spread of CHD, including acute CHD.

[The epidemiology of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and their combination among the male population in the cities of different regions of the CIS Nations and Baltic states. A cooperative study].

The prevalence of risk factors (RF) to develop cardiovascular disorders alone and in combination has been studied in males aged 20-54 differing by occupation and education. They lived in various cities of CIS and Baltic States. It was established that RF alone and in combination are common among the male population.

[The comparative characteristics of the distribution of the lipid component of the blood and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in men 20-54 years old in the cities of the CIS Nations and Estonia (a cooperative study)].

A comparative study of hypercholesterolemia and lipid distribution in males aged 20-54 randomly selected in one of the districts of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tallinn, Kiev, Novosibirsk, Tashkent, Alma-Ata and Bishkek has been performed. A comparative interpopulation analysis involved mean values of blood lipid spectrum: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLPC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLPC).

[The results of conducting a program for the supplementary education of medical workers in the problems of preventing and treating arterial hypertension (a population study)].

A programme on supplementary health education of medical staff from city polyclinics in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension was launched in one of the Moscow districts for 3 years. Another district was used as a comparison subject. Representative samples of residents aged 35-64 years from the two districts were screened before and after implementation of the programme.

[Risk factors of ischemic heart disease and arteriosclerosis among the population of Tallinn: their relation to age, sex and ethnic origin (a population study)].

A random sample of males aged 30-54, females aged 30-54, and schoolchildren aged 10-14 years who live in Tallinn underwent a cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 4149 individuals were examined. The adults and children showed different atherogenic changes in lipid parameters, the former displayed high blood pressures, whereas the Estonian children had higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure.

[Increased risk of death from coronary heart disease in men with low blood concentration of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol according to data from a prospective epidemiologic study in Moscow and Leningrad within the framework of Soviet-American cooperation].

The authors provide the results of a prospective study carried out for almost 10 years among men who underwent screenings in 1975-1977 at an age of 40-59 years in Moscow and Leningrad (overall 6431 persons) with a purpose of analyzing potential causes of high risk of death from coronary heart disease in a group of subjects with hypocholesterolemia. Based on a mathematical-statistical analysis, variants of the interpretations of the indicated fact are presented.

[Epidemiology of ischemic heart disease as related to the main risk factors among the male population in various Soviet cities (a cooperative study)].

A study was made of the prevalence of coronary heart disease, risk factors (arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia, overweight, tobacco-smoking) and of the relation of coronary heart disease to the risk factors in men aged 20 to 39 years and 40 to 54 years, living in 8 cities of the USSR. The study was carried out on material of random representative samples. It has been established that the prevalence of coronary heart disease and risk factors is bigger among the populations living in the European part of the USSR and Siberia, being lower among the populations of Central Asia.

[Comparative characteristics of nutrition of the male population in some cities of the USSR (a cooperative study)].

The state of nutrition was studied in men of varying age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-54 years) living in different cities of the USSR. The standard method of food ration "daily reproduction" was used to investigate 25% of representative subsample in each age group. It has been found that the daily ration of men living in the European part of the USSR (Moscow, Kiev, Tallinn) is characterized by a rather high caloric value and by a significant imbalance in the consumption of the main food substances.

[Characteristics of the nutrition of the male population of Ufa].

The method of daily ration reproduction was used to study the actual nutrition of 25% of male subsampling comprising 674 subjects, during the epidemiological investigation of unorganized male population in a region of Ufa. The results of the study have shown that the caloric value of their nutrition does not exceed the established standards and is diminished with age. Protein consumption meets the physiological requirements, animal proteins prevail in their structure.

[The regional characteristics of the prevalence of elevated arterial pressure in the schoolchildren of Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk (a cooperative study)].

The authors describe the results of a cooperative epidemiological screening of schoolchildren aged 11 to 14 years, living in Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk. 1219 persons underwent screening in Moscow, 923 in Novosibirsk, and 1227 in Tallinn; the screening coverage was 88.3, 92 and 87.

[Practical evaluation of risk of acute myocardial infarct or sudden death].

A model (a formula) is given to estimate a risk for acute myocardial infarction or sudden death in the next 5 years. This model has been derived by using a logistic function method on the material obtained from a 8.5-year follow-up of males aged 40-59 years who represented a random sample from one of the Moscow districts.

[Subfractionated conversions of high density lipoproteins in vitro in sera with various lipid spectra].

Using gradient gel electrophoresis, the interconversions of high density lipoproteins (HDL) upon heating for 24 hours at 37 degrees C of blood sera obtained from dyslipidemic patients, were studied. It was shown that during incubation of normolipidemic, hypercholesterolemic and hyperalphacholesterolemic sera, the portion of large particles of HDL2 subclass (HDL2b) is increased with a simultaneous decrease in the portion of the smallest particles of HDL3 subclass (HDL3b and HDL3c). Contrariwise, in hypertriglyceridemic and hypoalphacholesterolemic sera the portion of the largest HDL2b particles is decreased, while that of middle-sized HDL3a is increased.

[Comparative characteristics of the incidence of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors among men and women aged 20-69 years (epidemiological study)].

The study was undertaken to examine a random representative sample from the nonorganized male and female population from on of the Moscow districts. The survey covered 1238 males and 1241 females; the response-rate was 71% and 74%, respectively. Routine epidemiological tools and consistent criteria for their assessment were applied to the survey of the population.

[Assessment of an analysis of the connections of nutrition with risk factors for ischemic heart disease in a one-time epidemiologic study].

Nutrition of 908 males aged 20-54 years, living in Tallinn, was studied in simultaneous population investigation by the method of one-day questioning. It was found that subjects with excessive body mass (EBM) and coronary heart disease (CHD), who did not keep to a diet, reduced their ration calorific value, consumption of saturated fatty acids, sugar, and increased consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and food fibres. No relations were detected between nutrition and CHD risk factors in the majority of subjects during the simultaneous population investigation.

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and dyslipoproteinemia in persons with disorders of glucose tolerance].

Among 3490 males and females aged 20-69 years, oral glucose tolerance testing (GTT) revealed diabetes mellitus (DM) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in 94 and 401 persons, respectively. The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension (AH), and dyslipoproteinemias (DLP) was examined in groups of subjects that had normal GTT indices, patients with DM, and persons with AGT. In the latter, the prevalence of CHD was found to significantly higher than in those with normal GTT indices and be increased with severity of carbohydrate metabolic disturbances.