Efficacy and safety of ongericimab in Chinese patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Background And Aims: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a prevalent autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism but severely underdiagnosed and undertreated in China. This phase 3 trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ongericimab, a novel monoclonal antibody that targets proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), in Chinese patients with HeFH.

Methods: Patients who have been diagnosed with definite HeFH according to Dutch Lipid Clinical Network criteria and receiving stable and optimized lipid-lowering therapy were enrolled.

Higher remnant cholesterol increases the risk of coronary heart disease and diabetes in postmenopausal women.

Background: Postmenopausal women represent the demographic increasingly susceptible to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Elevated levels of remnant cholesterol (RC) have been implicated in atherosclerosis and insulin resistance.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RC and the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes, and CHD combined with diabetes in a nationally representative sample of US postmenopausal women using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018.

The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and serum anti-aging protein α- Klotho: a population-based study.

Background: Both anti-aging protein α-Klotho and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index hold predictive value for the incidence, progression, and outcomes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and many other diseases. However, their relationship remains unclear.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016.

Efficacy and safety of omega-3-acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules in severe hypertriglyceridemia: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study.

Omega-3-acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules (containing 465 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 375 mg docosahexaenoic acid) is composed of highly purified omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ethyl esters, whose lipid-lowering effect for severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) treatment is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of omega-3-acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules in patients with severe HTG. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, 239 patients with severe HTG were enrolled and randomized (1:1) into omega-3 group (N = 122) and placebo group (N = 117) to receive 12-week corresponding treatments.

Efficacy and Safety of Ongericimab in Chinese Patients With Primary Hypercholesterolemia and Mixed Dyslipidemia.

Background: A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ongericimab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, as an add-on treatment to optimized lipid-lowering therapy in Chinese patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia.

Methods And Results: A total of 806 patients who were receiving stable and optimized lipid-lowering therapy but did not achieve their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 2:1:2:1 ratio to receive either ongericimab 150 mg or matching placebo every 2 weeks, or ongericimab 300 mg or matching placebo every 4 weeks for 52 weeks. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in 802 patients who received at least 1 dose of ongericimab or placebo.

A nonlinear correlation between the serum uric acid to creatinine ratio and the prevalence of hypertension: a large cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the serum uric acid to creatinine (UA/Cr) ratio and the prevalence of hypertension.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 8571 individuals from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to analyze the relationship between the UA/Cr ratio and hypertension.

Efficacy and safety of single-pill amlodipine/losartan versus losartan in patients with inadequately controlled hypertension after losartan treatment: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase III clinical trial.

Objective: Single-pill amlodipine besylate (AML) plus losartan (LOS) has been used to treat inadequately controlled hypertension after antihypertensive monotherapy; however, relevant data in China are limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of single-pill AML/LOS and LOS alone in Chinese patients with inadequately controlled hypertension after LOS treatment.

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled phase III clinical trial, patients with inadequately controlled hypertension after 4 weeks of LOS treatment were randomized to receive daily single-pill AML/LOS (5/100 mg, AML/LOS group,  = 154) or LOS (100 mg, LOS group,  = 153) tablets for 8 weeks.

Optimal treatment for post-MI heart failure in rats: dapagliflozin first, adding sacubitril-valsartan 2 weeks later.

Background: Based on previous research, both dapagliflozin (DAPA) and sacubitril-valsartan (S/V) improve the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF). Our study aims to investigate whether the early initiation of DAPA or the combination of DAPA with S/V in different orders would exert a greater protective effect on heart function than that of S/V alone in post-myocardial infarction HF (post-MI HF).

Methods: Rats were randomized into six groups: (A) Sham; (B) MI; (C) MI + S/V (1st d); (D) MI + DAPA (1st d); (E) MI + S/V (1st d) + DAPA (14th d); (F) MI + DAPA (1st d) + S/V (14th d).

A five-parameter score for predicting saphenous vein graft degenerative and/or occlusive disease in recurring ischemic symptoms after one year post coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: The recurrence rate of ischemic symptoms after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is increasing in recent years. How to prevent and treat saphenous vein graft disease (SVGD [symptomatic ⩾50% stenosis in at least one Saphenous vein graft]) has been a clinical challenge to date. Different pathogenesis may exist in SVGD of different periods.

Rutin alleviates cardiomyocyte injury induced by high glucose through inhibiting apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of diabetes, in which endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) serves an important role. Rutin can treat the myocardial dysfunction of diabetic rats. However, to the best of our knowledge, studies on the effects of Rutin on myocardial injury caused by diabetes from the perspective of ERS have not previously been reported.

A study of the sequential treatment of acute heart failure with sacubitril/valsartan by recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the basic treatment for heart failure and sequential treatment with rh-brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) alone or the combination of rhBNP and sacubitril/valsartan. Cardiac structure, pulmonary artery pressure, inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with acute heart failure were evaluated.Three hundred patients with acute heart failure were included.

Analysis of individualized antiplatelet therapy for patients of acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention under the guidance of platelet function: A one-center retrospective cohort study.

There is controversy in clinical application of antiplatelet drugs by monitoring platelet function. Therefore, we explored whether early and dynamic medication could bring better clinical outcomes for patients under the guidance of platelet function tests (PFT).In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the prognostic events of 1550 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at Tianjin People's Hospital in China.

A randomized comparison of two paclitaxel-coated balloons for the treatment of in-stent restenosis: The LONGTY ISR China randomized trial (LONGTY DCB vs. SeQuent Please DCB).

Objectives: This study sought to compare the efficacy and clinical safety of the LONGTY drug-coated balloon (DCB) with those of SeQuent Please DCB in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR).

Background: Although DCB technologies have evolved, little is known about the clinical efficacy of the new-generation LONGTY DCB.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial comparing LONGTY DCB with SeQuent Please DCB in patients with ISR.

Optimization of GRACE Risk Stratification by N-Terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide Combined With D-Dimer in Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

We aimed to explore the utility of multiple biomarkers with GRACE risk stratification for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). A total of 1,357 patients diagnosed with NSTEMI were enrolled in this study at multiple medical centers in Tianjin, China. The outcomes were 1-year all-cause death and major adverse cardiac events (MACE: all-cause death, hospital admission for unstable angina, hospital admission for heart failure, nonfatal recurrent myocardial infarction, and stroke).

Chlorogenic acid prevents acute myocardial infarction in rats by reducing inflammatory damage and oxidative stress.

Recent studies have suggested that the prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) through diet is very important and that the intake of polyphenol-rich foods can improve cardiovascular health. In this study, adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. The chlorogenic acid (CGA) group (n = 18) was administered 100 mg/kg/day CGA by gavage, and the control (CON) group (n = 18) was given the equivalent volume of water for 4 weeks.

A phase 3 double-blind randomized (CONSORT-compliant) study of azilsartan medoxomil compared to valsartan in Chinese patients with essential hypertension.

Background: Azilsartan medoxomil (AZL-M), an angiotensin II receptor blocker, has a well-characterized efficacy and safety profile in patients with hypertension. AZL-M is approved for use in over 40 countries globally; however, it is not yet approved in China. Therefore, a phase 3 registration study to assess the efficacy (antihypertensive effect), safety, and tolerability of AZL-M compared with valsartan in Chinese patients with essential hypertension was undertaken.

Evaluation of the inhibition of chlorophenols towards human cytochrome P450 3A4 and differences among various species.

Chlorophenols (CPs) are important pollutants detected frequently in the environment. This study intended to detect the inhibitory effects of fourteen CPs (2-CP, 3-CP, 4-CP, 4C2AP, 4C3MP, 2.4-DCP, 2.

Atractylodesin III maintains mitochondrial function and inhibits caspase-3 activity to reverse apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in AMI rats.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of Atractylodesin III (codonopsis pilosula) extract that maintains mitochondrial function, up-regulates Bcl-2, inhibits Caspase-3 activity, and ultimately leads to cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 months, weighed 150-200 g were randomly divided into sham operation group (SOG), model group (MG) and intervention group (IG). The IG was intragastrically administered with atractylodesin III (30 mg/kg/d) for 7 days.

ODYSSEY EAST: Alirocumab efficacy and safety vs ezetimibe in high cardiovascular risk patients with hypercholesterolemia and on maximally tolerated statin in China, India, and Thailand.

Background: The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor alirocumab significantly reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Objective: This study (ODYSSEY EAST) assessed the efficacy and safety of alirocumab vs ezetimibe in high cardiovascular risk patients from Asia.

Methods: Patients (n = 615) from China, India, and Thailand with hypercholesterolemia at high cardiovascular risk on maximally tolerated statin were randomized (2:1) to alirocumab (75 mg every 2 weeks [Q2W]; with dose increase to 150 mg Q2W at week 12 if week 8 LDL-C was >1.

Comparison of the effect of recombinant human pro-urokinase and tirofiban on myocardial blood flow perfusion in ST elevation myocardial infarction patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A one-center retrospective observational study.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). The current study was performed to compare the effect of tirofiban and recombinant human pro-urokinase (rh-proUK) on the improvement of coronary slow blood after PPCI.Sixty-five ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with rh-proUK and an equal number treated with tirofiban after PPCI were employed in the current study.

The Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Warfarin When Combined with Compound Danshen: A Case Study for Combined Treatment of Coronary Heart Diseases with Atrial Fibrillation.

Warfarin is used as anticoagulant and Compound Danshen prescription (CDP) is able to promote blood circulation. The combination might produce a synergic effect for patients of coronary heart diseases (CHDs) with atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the combination increases the bleeding risk of warfarin is unclear, so the effects of Compound Danshen dripping pill (CDDP) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) profiles of warfarin was investigated in patients.