4-Hydroxybenzoic acid restrains Nlrp3 inflammasome priming and activation via disrupting PU.1 DNA binding activity and direct antioxidation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is considered central to triggering the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome activation and the subsequent inflammatory responses. Coenzyme Q (CoQ) plays a critical role in maintaining intracellular ROS homeostasis and inhibiting excessive Nlrp3 inflammasome activation. However, direct supplementation of CoQ showed unsatisfactory clinical improvement due to its limited absorption and bioavailability.

A mouse protozoan boosts antigen-specific mucosal IgA responses in a specific lipid metabolism- and signaling-dependent manner.

IgA antibodies play an important role in mucosal immunity. However, there is still no effective way to consistently boost mucosal IgA responses, and the factors influencing these responses are not fully understood. We observed that colonization with the murine intestinal symbiotic protozoan Tritrichomonas musculis (T.

Fam96a is essential for the host control of Toxoplasma gondii infection by fine-tuning macrophage polarization via an iron-dependent mechanism.

Background: Toxoplasmosis affects a quarter of the world's population. Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) is an intracellular parasitic protozoa.

Investigating the Relationship between Birthweight and Breast Cancer from A Non-Linear and Mediation Perspective.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between birthweight and breast cancer; however, inconsistent, sometimes even controversial, observations emerged. We re-explored the association between them in the UK Biobank cohort.

Methods: Relying on the UK Biobank cohort data of white British volunteers recruited between 2006 and 2010 (5,760 cases and 162,778 controls), we evaluated the causal mediation between birthweight and breast cancer, with age of menarche and age at menopause as two potential mediators under the traditional mediation analysis framework.

Corrigendum: The effect of temperature on dengue virus transmission by mosquitoes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.

Field investigation combined with modeling uncovers the ecological heterogeneity of Aedes albopictus habitats for strategically improving systematic management during urbanization.

Background: Aedes albopictus is an invasive vector of serious Aedes-borne diseases of global concern. Habitat management remains a critical factor for establishing a cost-effective systematic strategy for sustainable vector control. However, the community-based characteristics of Ae.

The effect of temperature on dengue virus transmission by mosquitoes.

Dengue is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. As an arbovirus disease, it is mainly transmitted by and . According to the previous studies, temperature is closely related to the survival of mosquitoes, the proliferation of dengue virus (DENV) and the vector competence of to transmit DENV.

Dimethyl itaconate ameliorates the deficits of goal-directed behavior in Toxoplasma gondii infected mice.

Background: The neurotrophic parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has been implicated as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is only limited information concerning its underlying mechanism and therapeutic strategy.

A metabolite attenuates neuroinflammation, synaptic loss and cognitive deficits induced by chronic infection of .

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases including AD is currently one of intractable problems globally due to the insufficiency of intervention strategies. Long-term infection of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) can induce cognitive impairment in hosts, which is closely implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.

Dietary ingredient change induces a transient MyD88-dependent mucosal enteric glial cell response and promotes obesity.

Objective: Consumption of a modern Western-type high-fat low-fiber diet increases the risk of obesity. However, how a host responds to such a diet, especially during the early period of dietary transition from a previous low-fat and fiber-rich diet, remains poorly explored.

Methods: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal chow diet or a high-fat diet.

FAM96A is essential for maintaining organismal energy balance and adipose tissue homeostasis in mice.

The iron (Fe) metabolism plays important role in regulating systemic metabolism and obesity development. The Fe inside cells can form iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters, which are usually assembled into target proteins with the help of a conserved cluster assembly machinery. Family with sequence similarity 96A (FAM96A; also designated CIAO2A) is a cytosolic Fe-S assembly protein involved in the regulation of cellular Fe homeostasis.

A tyrosine catabolic intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruate attenuates murine endotoxic shock by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

The metabolic alterations of amino acid metabolism are closely associated with inflammatory response. However, relatively little is known about the roles of phenylalanine (Phe)/tyrosine (Tyr) catabolites during inflammation. Nitisinone (NTBC) is an orphan drug used to treat hereditary tyrosinemia type I potentially by changing Phe/Tyr metabolic flow.

Transcriptome analysis of Aedes albopictus midguts infected by dengue virus identifies a gene network module highly associated with temperature.

Background: Dengue is prevalent worldwide and is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Temperature is a strong driver of dengue transmission. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms.

[Protection effect of baicalin-regulated IKKα on inflammatory reaction of human oral keratinocytes].

Purpose: To observe the regulation of baicalin on IKKα mediated MASPIN in Human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) inflammatory reaction, this study was to explore the molecular regulation mechanism of baicalin on oral mucosal inflammation.

Methods: HOKs were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the inflammatory response of oral mucosal inflammation in vitro. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of baicalin to HOKs; then different concentrations of baicalin were pre-treated to LPS-stimulated HOKs, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used to detect the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated HOKs; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were used to detect the regulatory effects of baicalin on gene and protein expression levels of IKKα mediated MASPIN in LPS-stimulated HOKs.

The HVEM-BTLA Immune Checkpoint Restrains Murine Chronic Cholestatic Liver Injury by Regulating the Gut Microbiota.

The herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) is an immune checkpoint molecule regulating immune response, but its role in tissue repair remains unclear. Here, we reported that HVEM deficiency aggravated hepatobiliary damage and compromised liver repair after 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-induced injury. A similar phenotype was observed in B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA)-deficient mice.

A Murine Commensal Protozoan Influences Host Glucose Homeostasis by Facilitating Free Choline Generation.

Recent progress indicates that the gut microbiota plays important role in regulating the host's glucose homeostasis. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we reported that one integral member of the murine gut microbiota, the protozoan could drive the host's glucose metabolic imbalance.

LIGHT (TNFSF14) inhibits glucose uptake of adipocytes by downregulating GLUT4 expression via AKT signaling pathway.

Glucose homeostasis of adipocytes could be regulated by immune-adipose crosstalk. In order to investigate the effects of Lymphotoxin-like inducible protein that competes with glycoprotein D for herpesvirus entry on T cells (LIGHT) on glucose metabolism, we performed the present study. Our results showed that LIGHT deficiency improved glucose tolerance and enhanced glucose consumption of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) under high fat diet.

Vitamin D/VDR signaling inhibits colitis by suppressing HIF-1α activation in colonic epithelial cells.

Vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling is reported to have a protective effect on the onset or progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) activation is demonstrated to be closely associated with chemical-induced colitis. However, the association between vitamin D/VDR signaling and HIF-1α on IBD development remains a mystery. Here, we showed that HIF-1α expression was largely increased in the colonic epithelial cells of diseased tissues from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

iTRAQ-Based Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Tachyzoites Provides Insight Into the Role of Phosphorylation for its Invasion and Egress.

The invasion and egress are two key steps in lytic cycle vital to the propagation of infection, and phosphorylation is believed to play important roles in these processes. However, the phosphoproteome of at these two stages has not been characterized. In this study, we profiled the phosphoproteome of tachyzoites at the stages of "just invading" (JI) and "prior to egress" (PE) based on iTRAQ quantitative analysis, in which a total of 46 phosphopeptides, 42 phosphorylation sites, and 38 phosphoproteins were detected.

Widespread multiple insecticide resistance in the major dengue vector Aedes albopictus in Hainan Province, China.

Background: Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive mosquito and has become a potential vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Insecticide-based mosquito interventions are the main tools for vector-borne disease control. However, mosquito resistance to insecticides is a major threat to effective prevention and control.

The intestinal microbial metabolite desaminotyrosine is an anti-inflammatory molecule that modulates local and systemic immune homeostasis.

It is considered that intestinal barrier dysfunction and systemic endotoxemia drive obesity and its related complications. However, what causes barrier dysfunction remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that the gut microbiota from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice had impaired ability to degrade dietary flavonoids, and in correspondence, the microbial-derived flavonoid metabolite desaminotyrosine (DAT) was reduced.

Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection endangers human health and affects animal husbandry. Serological detection is the main method used for epidemiological investigations and diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The key to effective diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is the use of a standardized antigen and a specific and sensitive detection method.

Gastrin releasing peptide receptor targeted nano-graphene oxide for near-infrared fluorescence imaging of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor that occurs in the oral mucosa. Pathological biopsy is still the current gold standard for OSCC diagnosis; however, some drawbacks need to be overcome. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find a non-invasive targeted technology for OSCC early diagnosis.

Commensal Bacteria Impact a Protozoan's Integration into the Murine Gut Microbiota in a Dietary Nutrient-Dependent Manner.

Our current understanding of the host-microbiota interaction in the gut is dominated by studies focused primarily on prokaryotic bacterial communities. However, there is an underappreciated symbiotic eukaryotic protistic community that is an integral part of mammalian microbiota. How commensal protozoan bacteria might interact to form a stable microbial community remains poorly understood.

Role of mammary serine protease inhibitor on the inflammatory response in oral lichen planus.

Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition with an unclear pathological mechanism. IκB kinase α (IKKα)-regulated mammary serine protease inhibitor (MASPIN) has been shown to mediate inflammation, particularly in cancers. Here, we explored the expression of MASPIN in OLP and its role in the inflammatory response.