Effects of brief mindfulness training on smoking cue-reactivity in tobacco use disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The prevalence of Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) represents a significant and pressing global public health concern, with far-reaching and deleterious consequences for individuals, communities, and healthcare systems. The craving caused by smoking cue is an important trigger for relapse, fundamentally hindering the cessation of cigarette smoking. Mindfulness interventions focusing on cue-reactivity was effective for the treatment of related dependence.

Role of GABA receptors in cognition and EEG activity in aged APP and PS1 transgenic mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Recent evidence suggests that gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABA) receptor-mediated inhibition is a major contributor to AD pathobiology, and GABA receptors have been hypothesized to be a potential target for AD treatment. The aim of this study is to determine how GABA regulation alters cognitive function and brain activity in an AD mouse model.

Engineered extracellular vesicles: A new approach for targeted therapy of tumors and overcoming drug resistance.

Targeted delivery of anti-tumor drugs and overcoming drug resistance in malignant tumor cells remain significant clinical challenges. However, there are only few effective methods to address these issues. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), actively secreted by cells, play a crucial role in intercellular information transmission and cargo transportation.

Changes in Mental Health and EEG Biomarkers of Undergraduates Under Different Patterns of Mindfulness.

The effects of short-term mindfulness are associated with the different patterns (autonomic, audio guided, or experienced and certified mindfulness instructor guided mindfulness). However, robust evidence for reported the impacts of different patterns of mindfulness on mental health and EEG biomarkers of undergraduates is currently lacking. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypotheses that mindfulness training for undergraduates would improve mental health, and increase alpha power over frontal region and theta power over midline region at the single electrode level.

Cue-reactivity targeted smoking cessation intervention in individuals with tobacco use disorder: a scoping review.

Objectives: Cue-reactivity is a critical step leading to the emergence of addictive psychology and the triggering of addictive behaviors within the framework of addiction theory and is considered a significant risk factor for addiction-related behaviors. However, the effect of cue-reactivity targeted smoking cessation intervention and the cue-reactivity paradigms used in the randomized controlled trials varies, which introduces more heterogeneity and makes a side-by-side comparison of cessation responses difficult. Therefore, the scoping review aims to integrate existing research and identify evidence gaps.

Social support and prosocial behavior in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 outbreak: a moderated mediation model of positive affect and parental care.

Purpose: Prosocial behavior (PSB) plays a critical role in everyday society, especially during the pandemic of COVID-19. Understanding the underlying mechanism will provide insight and advance its implementation. According to the theory of PSB, social interaction, family and individual characters all contribute to its development.

Construction and Characterization of n6-Methyladenosine-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature and Immune Cell Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) lacks effective prognostic biomarkers and the role and mechanism of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in KIRC remain unclear.

Methods: We extracted standard mRNA-sequencing and clinical data from the TCGA database. The prognostic risk model was obtained by Lasso regression and Cox regression.

Anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulations of prefrontal cortex in a rodent model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly, with no effective treatment currently available. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-drug and non-invasive therapy, has been testified efficient in cognitive enhancement. This study aims to examine the effects of tDCS on brain function in a mouse model of AD.

Tim3scFv-Transforming Lactobacillus Inhibits Transplanted Tumor of Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: T-cell immunoglobulin-3 (Tim-3) antibody drugs can treat malignant renal tumors but are expensive. To overcome this limitation, Lactococcus lactis host bacteria were used to express Tim-3 single-chain antibodies.

Methods: The pLAN-CTB-Tim3scFv plasmid was constructed using molecular cloning technology and transformed into Lactococcus lactis.

Analysis of the Underlying Mechanism of the Jiu Wei Zhen Xin Formula for Treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder Based on Network Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Currently, there are many effective pharmacological treatments for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), formulated herbal granule is also an alternative way. Our research intends to construct a pharmacological network on genetic targets and pathways between Jiu Wei Zhen Xin Formula (JWZXF) and GAD. Through the TCMSP database, we collected the active ingredients of JWZXF and potential targets of the active ingredients.

Prenatal Morphine Exposure Differentially Alters Addictive and Emotional Behavior in Adolescent and Adult Rats in a Sex-Specific Manner.

The effects of prenatal opioid exposure in adult animals has been widely studied, but little is known about the effects of prenatal opioid on adolescents. Most of the risk behaviors associated with drug abuse are initiated during adolescence. The developmental state of the adolescent brain makes it vulnerable to initiate drug use and susceptible to drug-induced brain changes.

Enhanced Resting-State Functional Connectivity With Decreased Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations of the Salience Network in Mindfulness Novices.

Mindfulness and accordant interventions are often used as complementary treatments to psychological or psychosomatic problems. This has also been gradually integrated into daily lives for the promotion of psychological well-being in non-clinical populations. The experience of mindful acceptance in a non-judgmental way brought about the state, which was less interfered by a negative effect.

CircRNA_001895 promotes sunitinib resistance of renal cell carcinoma through regulation of apoptosis and DNA damage repair.

Sunitinib, an inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase, possesses anti-tumor activity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) through its anti-angiogenic effects. However, patients with advanced RCC are resistant to sunitinib. Dysregulated circRNAs has been shown to be associated with drug resistance in various tumors.

Beneficial Effects on Brain Micro-Environment by Caloric Restriction in Alleviating Neurodegenerative Diseases and Brain Aging.

Aging and neurodegenerative diseases are frequently associated with the disruption of the extracellular microenvironment, which includes mesenchyme and body fluid components. Caloric restriction (CR) has been recognized as a lifestyle intervention that can improve long-term health. In addition to preventing metabolic disorders, CR has been shown to improve brain health owing to its enhancing effect on cognitive functions or retarding effect on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

Monitoring and Evaluation of Emotion Regulation by Aerobic Exercise and Motor Imagery Based on Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

We sought to effectively alleviate the emotion of individuals with anxiety and depression, and explore the effects of aerobic exercise on their emotion regulation. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) brain imaging technology is used to monitor and evaluate the process of aerobic exercise and imagination that regulates emotion. Thirty participants were scored by the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and profile of mood states (POMS), and fNIRS images were collected before, after, and during aerobic exercise and motor imagery.

Identification of Emotion Using Electroencephalogram by Tunable Q-Factor Wavelet Transform and Binary Gray Wolf Optimization.

Emotional brain-computer interface based on electroencephalogram (EEG) is a hot issue in the field of human-computer interaction, and is also an important part of the field of emotional computing. Among them, the recognition of EEG induced by emotion is a key problem. Firstly, the preprocessed EEG is decomposed by tunable-Q wavelet transform.

Pseudogene HSPB1P1 contributes to renal cell carcinoma proliferation and metastasis by targeting miR-296-5p to regulate HMGA1 expression.

With the aid of next-generation sequencing technology, pseudogenes have been widely recognized as functional regulators in the development and progression of certain diseases, especially cancer. Our present study aimed to investigate the functions and molecular mechanisms of HSPB1-associated protein 1 pseudogene 1 (HSPB1P1) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). HSPB1P1 expression at the mRNA levels was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and its clinical significance was assessed.

Risk-adapted treatment reduced chemotherapy exposure for clinical stage I pediatric testicular cancer.

Background: Different from adult clinical stage I (CS1) testicular cancer, surveillance has been recommended for CS1 pediatric testicular cancer. However, among high-risk children, more than 50% suffer a relapse and progression during surveillance, and adjuvant chemotherapy needs to be administered. Risk-adapted treatment might reduce chemotherapy exposure among these children.

Oncogenic potential of macrophage‑capping protein in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Macrophage‑capping protein (CapG) is a newly characterized oncogene involved in several types of cancer. However, the expression patterns and biological mechanisms of CapG in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of CapG in the prognosis, proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC.

Reversible olfactory dysfunction impaired learning and memory with impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity and increased corticosterone release in mice.

Olfactory dysfunction is related with various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which show impaired cognitive functions. However, the effects of olfactory dysfunction on hippocampal dependent learning and memory remain elusive. In this study, mice were treated with intranasal zinc sulfate (ZnSO) infusion which resulted in a complete but reversible loss of olfactory function.

MAP kinase-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) plays as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer.

Background: MAP kinase-interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) has been reported to be over-expressed in several cancers, however, its expression level and biological function in bladder cancer (BCa) remains unclear.

Methods: Besides analyzing human publicly available dataset, we used quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of MNK1 in BCa and the adjacent normal bladder epithelial tissues. In vitro and in vivo proliferation assays including cell counting kit-8 and xenograft assay were carried out to explore the role of MNK1 in BCa.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_001895 serves as a sponge of microRNA-296-5p to promote clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by regulating SOX12.

There is an urgent need to find novel potential therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) due to its highly invasive ability as a common urological malignant tumor. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been indicated as potentially critical mediators in various types of tumor progression. We first used qRT-PCR analysis to find dysregulated circRNAs in ccRCC.

Alterations of Regional Homogeneity and Functional Connectivity Following Short-Term Mindfulness Meditation in Healthy Volunteers.

Mindfulness is described as the non-judgmental awareness of experiences in the present moment. The sustained practice of mindfulness may also have beneficial effects on an individual's well-being. For instance, mindfulness meditation is an effective approach for improving emotion regulation.