Allergen sensitization patterns: Allergic rhinitis with multimorbidity versus alone-A real-world study.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) multimorbidity may need to be considered a specific disease because of distinct clinical and immunological differences from AR alone. Allergic multimorbidity often involves polysensitization, where allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a significant role.

Objective: This study aims to explore differences in allergen IgE sensitization patterns between AR alone and AR multimorbidity.

Establishment and Verification of an Artificial Intelligence Prediction Model for Children With Sepsis.

Background: Early identification of high-risk groups of children with sepsis is beneficial to reduce sepsis mortality. This article used artificial intelligence (AI) technology to predict the risk of death effectively and quickly in children with sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Study Design: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the PICUs of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2016 to June 2019 and Shenzhen Children's Hospital from January 2019 to July 2020.

Multimorbidity of Allergic Conditions in Urban Citizens of Southern China: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Extensive knowledge of allergic multimorbidities is required to improve the management of allergic diseases with the industrialization of China. However, the demography and allergen distribution patterns of allergic multimorbidities in China remain unclear, despite the increasing prevalence of allergies.

Methods: This was a real-world, cross-sectional study of 1273 outpatients diagnosed with one or more allergic diseases in Guangzhou, the most populated city of southern China, with leading industrial and commercial centers, between April 2021 and March 2022.

Exogenous glycine promotes oxidation of glutathione and restores sensitivity of bacterial pathogens to serum-induced cell death.

Pathogenic strains of bacteria are often highly adept at evading serum-induced cell death, which is an essential complement-mediated component of the innate immune response. This phenomenon, known as serum-resistance, is poorly understood, and as a result, no effective clinical tools are available to restore serum-sensitivity to pathogenic bacteria. Here, we provide evidence that exogenous glycine reverses defects in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism associated with serum resistance, restores susceptibility to serum-induced cell death, and alters redox balance and glutathione (GSH) metabolism.

Succinate and inosine coordinate innate immune response to bacterial infection.

Macrophages restrict bacterial infection partly by stimulating phagocytosis and partly by stimulating release of cytokines and complement components. Here, we treat macrophages with LPS and a bacterial pathogen, and demonstrate that expression of cytokine IL-1β and bacterial phagocytosis increase to a transient peak 8 to 12 h post-treatment, while expression of complement component 3 (C3) continues to rise for 24 h post-treatment. Metabolomic analysis suggests a correlation between the cellular concentrations of succinate and IL-1β and of inosine and C3.

Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid: Impact on Prognosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis.

Objectives: Clinical data with respect to the impact of meconium on the prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis are scarce. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine whether meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) represents a risk factor for poor prognosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis in a confirmed case population.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 256 neonates diagnosed with bacterial meningitis hospitalized at one of three hospitals in Shantou, China, between October 2013 and September 2018.

Nitrite Promotes ROS Production to Potentiate Cefoperazone-Sulbactam-Mediated Elimination to Lab-Evolved and Clinical-Evolved Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Cefoperazone-sulbactam (SCF)-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a big challenge in the use of SCF to treat infection caused by the pathogen. We have recently shown exogenous nitrite-enabled killing of naturally and artificially evolved Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (AP-R and AP-R, respectively) by SCF. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Enhanced Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids Contributes to Ciprofloxacin Resistance in .

Antibiotic-resistant is insensitive to antibiotics and difficult to deal with. An understanding of the resistance mechanisms is required for the control of the pathogen. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS)-based metabolomics was performed to identify differential metabolomes in ciprofloxacin (CIP)-resistant strains that originated from ATCC 27853 and had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) that were 16-, 64-, and 128-fold (PA-R16, PA-R64, and PA-R128, respectively) higher than the original value, compared to CIP-sensitive (PA-S).

Glucose-Potentiated Amikacin Killing of Cefoperazone/Sulbactam Resistant .

Multidrug-resistant has become one of global threat pathogens for human health due to insensitivity to antibiotics. Recently developed reprogramming metabolomics can identify biomarkers, and then, the biomarkers were used to revert the insensitivity and elevate antibiotic-mediated killing. Here, the methodology was used to study cefoperazone/sulbactam (SCF)-resistant (PA-R) and identified reduced glycolysis and pyruvate cycle, a recent clarified cycle providing respiratory energy in bacteria, as the most key enriched pathways and the depressed glucose as one of the most crucial biomarkers.

Repressed Central Carbon Metabolism and Its Effect on Related Metabolic Pathways in Cefoperazone/Sulbactam-Resistant .

Metabolic shift and antibiotic resistance have been reported in . However, the global metabolic characteristics remain largely unknown. The present study characterizes the central carbon metabolism and its effect on other metabolic pathways in cefoperazone-sulbactam (SCF)-resistant (PA-R).

FGF2 is overexpressed in asthma and promotes airway inflammation through the FGFR/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in airway epithelial cells.

Background: Airway inflammation is the core pathological process of asthma, with the key inflammatory regulators incompletely defined. Recently, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) has been reported to be an inflammatory regulator; however, its role in asthma remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory role of FGF2 in asthma.

Glutamine promotes antibiotic uptake to kill multidrug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has been increasing rapidly worldwide, a trend that poses great risk to human and animal health and creates urgent need for pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical approaches to stop the spread of disease due to antimicrobial resistance. Here, we found that alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism was inactivated, and glutamine was repressed in multidrug-resistant uropathogenic using a comparative metabolomics approach. Exogenous glutamine promoted β-lactam–, aminoglycoside-, quinolone-, and tetracycline-induced killing of uropathogenic and potentiated ampicillin to eliminate multidrug-resistant , , , , , and .

Inactivation of Nitrite-Dependent Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis Is Responsible for Overlapped Antibiotic Resistance between Naturally and Artificially Evolved Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Metabolic flexibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa could lead to new strategies to combat bacterial infection. The present study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics to investigate global metabolism in naturally and artificially evolved strains with cefoperazone-sulbactam (SCF) resistance (AP-R and AP-R, respectively) from the same parent strain (AP-R). Inactivation of the pyruvate cycle and nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis was identified as characteristic features of SCF resistance in both evolved strains.

Serine Metabolism Tunes Immune Responses To Promote Survival upon Infection.

Overactive immune response is a critical factor triggering host death upon bacterial infection. However, the mechanism behind the regulation of excessive immune responses is still largely unknown, and the corresponding control and preventive measures are still to be explored. In this study, we find that Nile tilapia, , that died from Edwardsiella tarda infection had higher levels of immune responses than those that survived.

Synergy of alanine and gentamicin to reduce nitric oxide for elevating killing efficacy to antibiotic-resistant .

The present study explored the cooperative effect of both alanine (Ala) and gentamicin (Gent) on metabolic mechanisms by which exogenous Ala potentiates Gent to kill antibiotic-resistant . To test this, GC-MS-based metabolomics was used to characterize Ala-, Gent- and both-induced metabolic profiles, identifying nitric oxide (NO) production pathway as the most key clue to understand metabolic mechanisms. Gent, Ala and both led to low, lower and lowest activity of total nitric oxide synthase (tNOS) and level of NO, respectively.

Continuous renal replacement therapy rescued life-threatening capillary leak syndrome in an extremely-low-birth-weight premature: a case report.

Background: Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare disease characterized by profound vascular leakage and presents as a classic triad of hypotension, hypoalbuminemia and hemoconcentration. Severe CLS is mostly induced by sepsis and generally life-threatening in newborns, especially in premature infants. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) plays an important role of supportive treatment for severe CLS.

Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Exosomes From Very Preterm Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Impaired Endothelial Angiogenesis: Roles of Exosomal MicroRNAs.

Premature infants have a high risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is characterized by abnormal development of alveoli and pulmonary vessels. Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs (EXO-miRNAs) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are involved in the development of BPD and might serve as predictive biomarkers for BPD. However, the roles of exosomes and EXO-miRNAs from umbilical cord blood of BPD infants in regulating angiogenesis are yet to be elucidated.

Fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous exchange transfusion not seen to aggravate brain function and the disorder of the internal environment in neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Background: The acute changes in brain function in newborn infants undergoing ET remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous ET would influence the brain function.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 39 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who received ET.

Liver Immune Profiling Reveals Pathogenesis and Therapeutics for Biliary Atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe cholangiopathy that leads to liver failure in infants, but its pathogenesis remains to be fully characterized. By single-cell RNA profiling, we observed macrophage hypo-inflammation, Kupffer cell scavenger function defects, cytotoxic T cell expansion, and deficiency of CX3CR1effector T and natural killer (NK) cells in infants with BA. More importantly, we discovered that hepatic B cell lymphopoiesis did not cease after birth and that tolerance defects contributed to immunoglobulin G (IgG)-autoantibody accumulation in BA.

Na-NQR Confers Aminoglycoside Resistance via the Regulation of l-Alanine Metabolism.

Sodium-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (Na-NQR) functions as a unique redox-driven sodium pump, generating membrane potential, which is related to aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance. However, whether it modulates other metabolisms to confer antibiotic resistance is unknown. The present study showed that loss of or led to differential metabolomes with elevated resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Maltose promotes crucian carp survival against infection at high temperature.

Temperature influences fish's susceptibility to infectious disease through an immune response. However, the mechanism underlying this regulation is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we compared the susceptibility of crucian carp that were grown at 18°C and 33°C, respectively, to infection and found that crucian carp was more susceptible when grown at 33°C.

Exogenous maltose enhances Zebrafish immunity to levofloxacin-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus.

Understanding the interplay between bacterial fitness, antibiotic resistance, host immunity and host metabolism could guide treatment and improve immunity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The acquisition of levofloxacin (Lev) resistance affects the fitness of Vibrio alginolyticus in vitro and in vivo. Lev-resistant (Lev-R) V.