AI hybrid survival assessment for advanced heart failure patients with renal dysfunction.

Renal dysfunction (RD) often characterizes the worse course of patients with advanced heart failure (AHF). Many prognosis assessments are hindered by researcher biases, redundant predictors, and lack of clinical applicability. In this study, we enroll 1736 AHF/RD patients, including data from Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (which encompasses 11 hospital subcenters), and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

The global burden and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in adolescent and young adults, 1990-2019.

Background: To provide details of the burden and the trend of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in adolescent and young adults.

Methods: Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden of CVD in adolescents and young adults. Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) of ASRs were used to describe the trend from 1990 to 2019.

Acoustic emission characteristic of sandstone and sandstone like material under multi-path loading.

Using spline interpolation to select proportions of similar materials, a comparative analysis of the fracturing behavior of sandstone specimens and similar material specimens was conducted through Brazilian splitting tests under multi-path loading. The study revealed that during stepwise loading, both sandstone and similar materials exhibited memory effects and plastic deformation. However, under constant velocity loading, the relationship between force and displacement in sandstone showed linearity after compaction.

Carbon Quantum Dots/CuO Photocatalyst for Room Temperature Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol.

The luminescence properties and excellent carrier transfer ability of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted much attention in the field of photocatalysis. In this work, we loaded the CQDs on the surface of CuO to enhance the visible-light property of CuO. Furthermore, the composite was used for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde.

Global Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults, 1990-2019.

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the global burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs).

Methods: Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASMR) and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) (ASDR) were used to describe the burden of IHD in AYAs. Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) of ASRs were used to describe the trend from 1990 to 2019.

Boosting uniform nucleation and suppressing hydrogen evolution with an in-situ formed zinc hyaluronate protective film on zinc anodes.

Developing long-cycle stable Zn-ion batteries encounters significant challenges associated with Zn anodes. To address these issues, we propose an interface engineering strategy using an artificial protective layer called zinc hyaluronate (ZH) on the Zn anode surface. The ZH film acts as a barrier, preventing direct contact between Zn anode and electrolyte, reducing hydrogen evolution and corrosion.

Spatiotemporal trends in global burden of rheumatic heart disease and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019.

Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the burden of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and its trends in different countries, regions, genders and age groups globally.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) and the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in the ASRs were used to describe the burden of disease and its trends.

The relationship between tumor infiltrating immune cells and the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: To depict the immune infiltration characteristics of tumor cells in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and evaluate the predictive value and significance of tumor immune cells on the prognosis of LUAD patients.

Methods: The clinical characteristics and transcriptome of LUAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the immune cell abundance in LUAD tissue was evaluated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. We created a simplified immune cell-based Cox regression model according to the survival status of patients and clarified the correlation between the survival status of patients and seven types of immune cells.

Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Ischemic Heart Disease Attributable to Smoking From 1990 to 2019.

Background This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of and changes in the global disease burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to smoking between 1990 and 2019. Methods and Results Data used in this study come from the GBD 2019 (Global Burden of Disease Study 2019). Age-standardized rates and estimated annual percentage change of age-standardized rates were used to describe this burden and its changing trend.

The Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Cervical Cancer Attributable to Smoking From 1990 to 2019: Population-Based Study.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Smoking is one of the risk factors for cervical cancer. Understanding the global distribution of the disease burden of cervical cancer attributable to smoking and related changes is of clear significance for the prevention and control of cervical cancer in key populations and for tobacco control.

Marine Biomass-Supported Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Cr(VI) Removal: A Response Surface Methodology Study.

Heavy metal ions such as Cr(VI) pose great hazards to the environment, which requests materials and methods for decontamination. Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has emerged as a promising candidate for Cr(VI) removal. Herein, harnessing the merits of marine biomass, a heterogeneous water treatment system for the decontamination of Cr(VI) is developed based on the in situ immobilization of nZVI on the seashell powder (SP)-derived porous support.

Pacing Electrocardiogram Detection With Memory-Based Autoencoder and Metric Learning.

Remote ECG diagnosis has been widely used in the clinical ECG workflow. Especially for patients with pacemaker, in the limited information of patient's medical history, doctors need to determine whether the patient is wearing a pacemaker and also diagnose other abnormalities. An automatic detection pacing ECG method can help cardiologists reduce the workload and the rates of misdiagnosis.

Application of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19 Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Management Decisions in China.

COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread rapidly and affected most of the world since its outbreak in Wuhan, China, which presents a major challenge to the emergency response mechanism for sudden public health events and epidemic prevention and control in all countries. In the face of the severe situation of epidemic prevention and control and the arduous task of social management, the tremendous power of science and technology in prevention and control has emerged. The new generation of information technology, represented by big data and artificial intelligence (AI) technology, has been widely used in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of COVID-19 as an important basic support.

FDA-Approved and Emerging Next Generation Predictive Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Patients.

A patient's response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a complex quantitative trait, and determined by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Three currently FDA-approved predictive biomarkers (progra1mmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1); microsatellite instability (MSI); tumor mutational burden (TMB)) are routinely used for patient selection for ICI response in clinical practice. Although clinical utility of these biomarkers has been demonstrated in ample clinical trials, many variables involved in using these biomarkers have poised serious challenges in daily practice.

Shell biomass material supported nano-zero valent iron to remove Pb and Cd in water.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) has a high adsorption capacity for heavy metals, but easily forms aggregates. Herein, preprocessed undulating venus shell (UVS) is used as support material to prevent NZVI from reuniting. The SEM and TEM results show that UVS had a porous layered structure and NZVI particles were evenly distributed on the UVS surface.

MiR-25-3p targets PTEN to regulate the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. MiR-25-3p was proved to be a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of many cancers. MiR-25-3p was found to be high expressed in the blood of EC patients.

Changing Technologies of RNA Sequencing and Their Applications in Clinical Oncology.

RNA sequencing (RNAseq) is one of the most commonly used techniques in life sciences, and has been widely used in cancer research, drug development, and cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Driven by various biological and technical questions, the techniques of RNAseq have progressed rapidly from bulk RNAseq, laser-captured micro-dissected RNAseq, and single-cell RNAseq to digital spatial RNA profiling, spatial transcriptomics, and direct sequencing. These different technologies have their unique strengths, weaknesses, and suitable applications in the field of clinical oncology.

Calreticulin acts as an adjuvant to promote dendritic cell maturation and enhances antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has promising for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3) is a tumor-specific antigen and expressed in approximately 35-40% of NSCLC tissues. Calreticulin (CALR) is a protein chaperone and can enhance DC maturation and antigen presentation.

Efficient induction of anti-tumor immune response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via dendritic cells expressing MAGE-A3 and CALR antigens.

Despite advances in the various treatment options for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), its prognosis is still very poor with a 5-year survival rate of only 14-22%. Recently, among the various therapeutic approaches, the focus has shifted to immunotherapy, specifically immunotherapy involving dendritic cells (DCs), which depends on their maturation and antigen presentation to effector immune cells. Recent studies have suggested that melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3) is a potential immunotherapeutic target and also a candidate for the development of an anti-tumor vaccine.

Novel T-shaped linear-stapled intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis for minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.

We report a novel T-shaped linear-stapled intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis for minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy. A unique feature of this technique is a "gastric pouch" that is preserved proximal to the gastric conduit and which serves as the stapler-firing pathway to protect the gastric conduit. The linear stapler is placed through an auxiliary port in the seventh intercostal space on the right posterior axillary line and fired along the longitudinal axis of the thorax, without being constrained by limited intrathoracic space.

Anticancer effects of adenovirus-mediated calreticulin and melanoma-associated antigen 3 expression on non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is highly prevalent and needs novel therapies. Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3) is a lung cancer antigen and calreticulin (CALR) can modulate immune responses. Our previous study has shown that up-regulated MAGE-A3 and CALR expression inhibits the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells.