Proliferation of MDSCs may indicate a lower T cell immune response in schistosomiasis japonica.

Background: Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) is the main species of Schistosoma prevalent in China. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are important immunoregulatory cells and generally expand in parasite infection, but there is little research relating to MDSCs in Schistosoma infection.

Knowledge mapping of job burnout and satisfaction of medical staff and a cross-sectional investigation of county-level hospitals in Southern China.

Background: Job burnout is a worldwide public health problem that has rarely been addressed among rural medical staff, particularly in county-level hospitals. Hence, we conducted a bibliometric study to gain global insights and research trends and a cross-sectional study to assess the current situation among medical staff of county-level hospitals in Southern China. By conducting these studies, we aim to identify factors associated with burnout among medical staff of county-level hospitals in China and provide recommendations for improvement.

Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote diabetic wound healing via exosomal protein interaction networks.

There is a lack of effective treatment options for diabetic refractory wounds, which presents a critical clinical issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Our research has demonstrated that human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (plaMSCs) facilitate the migration and proliferation of HaCat cells, thereby enhancing diabetic wound healing primarily via the exosomes derived from plaMSCs (plaMSCs-Ex). Using label-free proteomics, plaMSCs and their exosomes were analysed for proteome taxonomic content in order to explore the underlying effective components mechanism of plaMSCs-Ex in diabetic wound healing.

Imbalance of programmed cell death patterns mediated by dendritic cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Objectives: Abnormal programmed cell death in immune cells is associated with autoimmune diseases, but the patterns of programmed cell death in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and especially lupus nephritis (LN) remain unclear. This study aims to explore the association between SLE, LN, and immune cell death patterns.

Methods: Bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

The impact of liver fibrosis on the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via a hypoxia-immune-integrated prognostic model.

The impact of liver fibrosis on the deterioration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. We hope to explore this issue through establishing a fibrosis-hypoxia-glycolysis-immune related prognostic model. Liver fibrosis-related genes from Molecular Signatures Database were used to evaluate the degree of fibrosis in HCC patients from the TCGA database.

CX3CR1 regulates the development of renal interstitial fibrosis through macrophage polarization.

Objectives: The binding of CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) and its unique ligand CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) can promote the migration of inflammatory cells to the lesion and affect the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether CX3CR1 affects renal interstitial fibrosis by macrophage polarization.

Methods: A mouse model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

Intrahepatic macrophage reprogramming associated with lipid metabolism in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe syndrome with high short-term mortality, but the pathophysiology still remains largely unknown. Immune dysregulation and metabolic disorders contribute to the progression of ACLF, but the crosstalk between immunity and metabolism during ACLF is less understood. This study aims to depict the immune microenvironment in the liver during ACLF, and explore the role of lipid metabolic disorder on immunity.

Machine learning-based investigation of the relationship between immune status and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with end-stage kidney disease.

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the most frequent cardiac complication among end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients, which has been identified as predictive of adverse outcomes. Emerging evidence has suggested that immune system is implicated in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in multiple diseases. We applied machine learning models to exploring the relation between immune status and LVH in ESKD patients.

The long non-coding RNA KLF3-AS1/miR-10a-3p/ZBTB20 axis improves the degenerative changes in human nucleus pulposus cells.

Excessive apoptosis of intervertebral disc cells, namely nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, results in decreased cell density and extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism, hence leading to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). As a cell model in the present study, a commercially available human NP cell line was utilized. Long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs may regulate the proliferation or apoptosis of human NP cells, hence exerting a significant influence on the occurrence of IVDD.

Immune landscape and the key role of APOE+ monocytes of lupus nephritis under the single-cell and spatial transcriptional vista.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is among the most common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with high mortality and morbidity. The analysis of LN kidney's local immune response through single-cell and spatial transcriptome enables the study of potential therapeutic targets.

Methods: By single cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome, we profile cells from LN kidney and normal kidney tissues to characterize cellular composition and elucidate the potential upstream monocyte/macrophage (Mono/MΦ) initiating the auto-immune response.

Identification of the shared genes and immune signatures between systemic lupus erythematosus and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder which could lead to inflammation and fibrosis in various organs. Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe complication in patients with SLE. Nonetheless, SLE-derived pulmonary fibrosis has unknown pathogenesis.

A meta-validated immune infiltration-related gene model predicts prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in HNSCC.

Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great importance to regulate the initiation and advance of cancer. The immune infiltration patterns of TME have been considered to impact the prognosis and immunotherapy sensitivity in Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Whereas, specific molecular targets and cell components involved in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment remain a twilight zone.

Knowledge mapping of students' mental health status in the COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the international scientific output on mental health of students during COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 through a bibliometric analysis and to explore trend and research hotspots in this field.

Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection for publications and used a variety of software to analyze and visualize the data such as R, CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Scimago.

Results: A total of 2,734 publications were retrieved as of June 4, 2022, published by 3,894 institutions from 120 countries/regions.

Standardization of neutrophil CD64 and monocyte HLA-DR measurement and its application in immune monitoring in kidney transplantation.

Background: Infections cause high mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The expressions of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) and monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) provide direct evidence of immune status and can be used to evaluate the severity of infection. However, the intensities of nCD64 and mHLA-DR detected by flow cytometry (FCM) are commonly measured by mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs), which are relative values, thus limiting their application.

Two-dimensional antiferromagnetic nodal-line semimetal and quantum anomalous Hall state in the van der Waals heterostructure germanene/MnS.

Materials with interactions between the topology and magnetism are triggering increasing interest. We constructed a two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructure germanene/MnS, where the germanene is a quantum spin Hall insulator and MnSprovides antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions. In this structure, a 2D AFM nodal-line semimetal (NLSM) phase is expected without the spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which is of a high density of states around the Fermi level.

Identification and validation of an immunological microenvironment signature and prediction model for epstein-barr virus positive lymphoma: Implications for immunotherapy.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is considered a carcinogenic virus, which is associated with high risk for poor prognosis in lymphoma patients, and there has been especially no satisfying and effective treatment for EBV+ lymphoma. We aimed to identify the immunological microenvironment molecular signatures which lead to the poor prognosis of EBV+ lymphoma patients.

Methods: Differential genes were screened with microarray data from the GEO database (GSE38885, GSE34143 and GSE13996).

Multivalley Superconductivity in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

In transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), Ising superconductivity with an antisymmetric spin texture on the Fermi surface has attracted wide interest due to the exotic pairing and topological properties. However, it is not clear whether the valley with a giant spin splitting is involved in the superconductivity of heavily doped semiconducting 2H-TMDs. Here by taking advantage of a high-quality monolayer WS on hexagonal boron nitride flakes, we report an ionic-gating induced superconducting dome with a record high critical temperature of ∼6 K, accompanied by an emergent nonlinear Hall effect.

Tuning 4f-Center Electron Structure by Schottky Defects for Catalyzing Li Diffusion to Achieve Long-Term Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Battery.

Lithium metal is considered as the most prospective electrode for next-generation energy storage systems due to high capacity and the lowest potential. However, uncontrollable spatial growth of lithium dendrites and the crack of solid electrolyte interphase still hinder its application. Herein, Schottky defects are motivated to tune the 4f-center electronic structures of catalysts to provide active sites to accelerate Li transport kinetics.

The Association between Regulatory T Cell Subpopulations and Severe Pneumonia Post Renal Transplantation.

Severe pneumonia accounts for the majority of morbidity and mortality in renal allograft recipients due to immunosuppressant maintenance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are involved in tackling infections under immunosuppressive conditions, are rarely uncovered. We aimed to investigate the relationship between various Treg subpopulations and severe pneumonia after kidney transplantation (KTx).

A first-principles study on crystal structures and metallization of sodium-rich sulfides under high pressure.

We performed systematical theoretical simulations on phase diagrams, crystal structures, electron properties, and phonon features of Na-S system under high pressures. NaS, NaS, and NaS, were found to be stable under pressures. The superconducting transition critical temperature was estimated to nearly 0 K at 100 GPa in NaS due to the weak electron-phonon coupling.

Pre-Transplant Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets Predict Pneumonia After Renal Transplantation.

BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation (KTx) has been considered as the most effective therapeutic method for end-stage renal disease. Immune monitoring of peripheral lymphocyte subsets (PLS) reflects the real immune status and has been used for diagnosis of pneumonia after KTx. We aimed to investigate the association between pre-transplant PLS and pneumonia in renal allograft recipients.

Diagnostic Significance of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Southern China.

Background: The morbidity and mortality of community-acquired pneumonia are relatively high, but many pneumonia pathogens cannot be identified accurately. As a new pathogen detection technology, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been applied more and more clinically. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of mNGS for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the south of China.

The Expansion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Correlates With the Severity of Pneumonia in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Background: Pneumonia is one of the most frequent but serious infectious complications post kidney transplantation. Severe pneumonia induces sustained immunosuppression, but few parameters concerning immune status are used to assess the severity of pneumonia. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are induced under infection and have the strong immunosuppressive capacity, but the correlation between MDSCs and pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is unknown.

Investigation of an FGFR-Signaling-Related Prognostic Model and Immune Landscape in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

There is accumulating evidence on the clinical importance of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signal, hypoxia, and glycolysis in the immune microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), yet reliable prognostic signatures based on the combination of the fibrosis signal, hypoxia, and glycolysis have not been systematically investigated. Herein, we are committed to establish a fibrosis-hypoxia-glycolysis-related prediction model for the prognosis and related immune infiltration of HNSCC. Fibrotic signal status was estimated with microarray data of a discovery cohort from the TCGA database using the UMAP algorithm.