Plant-sourced cooking oil consumption is associated with lower total mortality in a longitudinal nationwide cohort study.

Background & Aims: Evidence linking individual cooking oil consumption with total mortality is limited in China. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of intakes of plant-sourced and animal-sourced cooking oils with total mortality in a Chinese nationwide cohort.

Methods: We analyzed data from 14,305 adults aged ≥20 y at entry in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).

Egg and egg-sourced cholesterol consumption in relation to mortality: Findings from population-based nationwide cohort.

Background & Aims: Evidence linking egg and dietary cholesterol consumption with human health and longevity is highly debated. Data from non-Western populations are sparse. We aim to prospectively assess the egg and cholesterol consumption in relation to mortality in a nationwide Chinese cohort.

Mouse γ-Synuclein Promoter-Mediated Gene Expression and Editing in Mammalian Retinal Ganglion Cells.

Optic neuropathies are a group of optic nerve (ON) diseases caused by various insults including glaucoma, inflammation, ischemia, trauma, and genetic deficits, which are characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and ON degeneration. An increasing number of genes involved in RGC intrinsic signaling have been found to be promising neural repair targets that can potentially be modulated directly by gene therapy, if we can achieve RGC specific gene targeting. To address this challenge, we first used adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer to perform a low-throughput screening in both male and female mouse eyes and identified the mouse γ-synuclein (mSncg) promoter, which specifically and potently sustained transgene expression in mouse RGCs and also works in human RGCs.

Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Differentially Alter Gut Microbiome and Reverse High-Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance.

Scope: To assess the individual effects of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on insulin resistance (IR), gut microbiome, and gut metabolites in high-fat-diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.

Methods And Results: DIO mice are fed an either high-fat diet (HFD), EPA (1% w/w) enriched HFD, or DHA (1% wt/wt) enriched HFD for 15 weeks. Both EPA and DHA supplements reverse hyperglycemia and IR but do not affect body weight in DIO mice while DHA exhibits a more pronounced ameliorative effect in male mice.

The Long Non-coding RNA lnc-DMP1 Regulates Expression Through H3K27Ac Modification.

Several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported regulate the expression of neighbor protein-coding genes at post-transcriptional, transcriptional and epigenetic levels. (), encoding a non-collagenous extracellular matrix protein, plays an important role in dentin and bone mineralization. However, the transcriptional regulation of lncRNA on has not been reported.

Role of Transient Anions in Chemoradiation Therapy: Base Modifications, Cross-Links, and Cluster Damages Induced to Cisplatin-DNA Complexes by 1-20 eV Electrons.

The molecular mechanism of platinum-based drugs in concomitant chemoradiation therapy relies on enhancement of DNA damage in cancer cells, particularly that of detrimental clustered lesions and cross-links induced by the abundant low-energy electrons (LEEs) generated by ionizing radiation. We provide the complete 1-20 eV electron-energy dependence of the yields of all conformational LEE-induced lesions to biological DNA, when it binds to five molecules of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin. Recording at 1 eV intervals clearly show that the enhancement of all lesions is particularly intense at the energies of core-excited transient molecular anions (i.

Focal burst suppression on intra-operative electrocorticography does not affect the surgical outcome in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the burst suppression (BS) pattern on intra-operative electrocorticography (ECoG) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and the surgical outcome.

Patients And Methods: From January 2017 to June 2017, 45 patients with TLE underwent temporal lobe resection with intra-operative ECoG at the Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, China. The scalp EEG, pre-operative and post-operative ECoG were analyzed.

Use of Dietary Components to Reduce the Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability of Cadmium in Rice.

Reducing Cd bioavailability in the systemic circulation is an alternative strategy to reduce Cd exposure. The influence of 39 dietary components on Cd bioaccessibility in water or rice was determined using an in vitro gastrointestinal model, following which an in vivo bioassay was used to determine the most effective components on Cd bioavailability in rice. The results showed that several components significantly reduced the solubility of Cd (10-98%) in the intestinal phase.

Evaluation of phytoremediation potential of five Cd (hyper)accumulators in two Cd contaminated soils.

A phytoextraction experiment with five Cd hyperaccumulators (Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Celosia argentea, Solanum nigrum, Phytolacca acinosa and Sedum plumbizincicola) was conducted in two soils with different soil pH (5.93 and 7.43, respectively).

Age-Related Decreases in Interhemispheric Resting-State Functional Connectivity and Their Relationship With Executive Function.

Age-related alterations of functional brain networks contribute to cognitive decline. Current theories indicate that age-related intrinsic brain functional reorganization may be a critical marker of cognitive aging. Yet, little is known about how intrinsic interhemispheric functional connectivity changes with age in adults, and how this relates to critical executive functions.

Bioavailability and bioaccessibility of cadmium in contaminated rice by in vivo and in vitro bioassays.

Consumption of rice is a major pathway of cadmium (Cd) exposure to humans with Cd bioavailability from rice being an important determinant of the potential health risk. We conducted both in vitro bioaccessibility (using four methods) and in vivo bioavailability (using a mouse model) of Cd from six rices. The relative bioavailability (RBA) for Cd ranged from 15 to 56%, 18 to 56% and 3.

The association between consumption of monounsaturated fats from animal- . plant-based foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective nationwide cohort study.

Although higher dietary intake of MUFA has been shown to improve glycaemic control and lipid profiles, whether MUFA consumption from different sources is linked to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. We aimed to prospectively assess the associations of plant-derived MUFA (P-MUFA) and animal-derived MUFA (A-MUFA) intakes with T2D risk in a nationwide oriental cohort. Overall, 15 022 Chinese adults, aged ≥20 years, from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 1997-2011) were prospectively followed up for a median of 14 years.

Asymmetry of Subthalamic Neuronal Firing Rate and Oscillatory Characteristics in Parkinson's Disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the neuronal firing rate and oscillatory activity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) between the more affected (MA) and the less affected (LA) hemispheres in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Patients And Methods: We recorded and analyzed the intra-operative microelectrode recordings (MER) from the STN of 24 PD subjects. Lateralized Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III sub-scores (item 20-26) were calculated.

FIB-Patterned Nano-Supercapacitors: Minimized Size with Ultrahigh Performances.

Advances in microelectronic system technology have necessitated the development and miniaturization of energy storage devices. Supercapacitors are an important complement to batteries in microelectronic systems; and further reduction of the size of micro-supercapacitors is challenging. Here, a novel strategy is demonstrated to break through the resolution limit of micro-supercapacitors by preparing nano-supercapacitors (NSCs) with interdigital nanosized electrodes using focused ion beam technology.

Decreased plasma riboflavin is associated with poor prognosis, invasion, and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Riboflavin deficiency confers a predisposition for esophageal cancer. The role of plasma riboflavin levels in development and prognosis of individuals with digestive tract inflammation and ulcer (DTIU), digestive tract polyps (DTPs), and ESCC is not well understood.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study, including 177 DTIU, 80 DTP, and 324 ESCC cases, to measure the plasma riboflavin levels among the three populations.

Assessment of the Nutrient Removal Potential of Floating Native and Exotic Aquatic Macrophytes Cultured in Swine Manure Wastewater.

Although eutrophication and biological invasion have caused serious harm to aquatic ecosystems, exotic and even invasive plants have been used extensively in phytoremediation water systems in China. To identify native aquatic plants with excellent water restoration potential, two representative native floating aquatic plants from Guangdong Province, namely (PL) and (PT), were selected, with as a control, to study their growth status, adaptability, and nutrient removal potentials in swine manure wastewater. The results demonstrated that the two native plants offered greater advantages than in water restoration.

Visible-Light-Induced C-C Coupling Reaction to Synthesize Bipyridine From 3-Cyano-1,4-Dihydropyridines.

A concise and efficient photocatalytic C-C coupling of 1-benzyl-3-cyano-1, 4-dihydropyridine for synthesis of 1,1'-dibenzyl-3, 3'-dicyano-1,1',4,4'-tetrahydro-4, 4'-bipyridine is described. The reporter system provides a novel technique that facilitates synthesis of C-C coupling derivatives without addition of transition metals and oxidants or other additives. A plausible synthetic pathway is proposed, and the coupling product was characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H and C NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and X-ray analyses.

Combined microRNA and mRNA detection in mammalian retinas by in situ hybridization chain reaction.

Improved in situ hybridization methods for mRNA detection in tissues have been developed based on the hybridization chain reaction (HCR). We show that in situ HCR methods can be used for the detection of microRNAs in tissue sections from mouse retinas. In situ HCR can be used for the detection of two microRNAs simultaneously or for the combined detection of microRNA and mRNA.

Characteristics of oscillatory pallidal neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Excessive neuronal activity in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is believed to promote parkinsonian akinesia/bradykinesia, but not tremor. Parkinsonian tremor is thought to result from dysfunction in the basal ganglia and cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuits. Whether the GPi is involved in tremorgenesis has not been fully elucidated.

Meta-analysis of preoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin measurement in non-cardiac surgical patients at risk of cardiovascular complications.

Background: Patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery are at risk of cardiovascular complications. Raised levels of high-sensitivity troponin are frequently detected before operation among these patients. However, the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin in predicting postoperative outcomes remains unclear.

Untargeted metabolomics reveals novel serum biomarker of renal damage in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive disease, it often involves kidney, lung, heart, and other systems.Renal damage is quite common in RA. Exploring of biomarkers of renal damage in the course of RA progression is of significant importance for disease diagnosis and treatment.

[Toxic effects of combination of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata with Trichosanthis Fructus on inflammatory response and myocardial fibrosis in pressure overload rats based on β-AR/PKA signal].

To study the effects of combination of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata( Fuzi) with Trichosanthis Fructus( Gualou) on cardiac function,electrocardiogram,inflammatory response and myocardial fibrosis in pressure overload( PO) rats,and further explore the mechanism based on β-AR/PKA signaling. PO rat model was established by constricting the abdominal aorta. Twelve weeks after the operation,these rats were randomly divided into model goup( PO),low dose Fuzi group( FL,5.

Spatial Motion of Arytenoid Cartilage Using Dynamic Computed Tomography Combined with Euler Angles.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of dynamic computed tomography in recording and describing the spatial motion characteristics of the arytenoid cartilage.

Methods: Dynamic computed tomography recorded the real-time motion trajectory of the arytenoid cartilage during inspiration and phonation. A stationary coordinate system was established with the cricoid cartilage as a reference and a motion coordinate system was established using the movement of the arytenoid cartilage.

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics and target-fishing strategies reveal molecular signatures on vasodilation of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills.

Angina pectoris can be used as an early warning for coronary artery disease. Vasodilation is an important mechanism of angina pectoris. Traditional Chinese medicine - Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) is widely used to improve the symptoms of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).