Emerging role of adaptive immunity in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment: from the periphery to the brain.

Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a central nervous system complication induced by peripheral metabolic dysfunction of diabetes mellitus. Cumulative studies have shown that neuro-immune crosstalk is involved in the pathological progression of DCI. However, current studies mostly focus on the interaction between innate immunity cells and neurons, while ignoring the role of adaptive immunity cells in DCI.

Chinese Expert Consensus for Assessment of Vocal Function (2024): Guidelines of the Subspecialty Group of Voice, Society of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese Medical Association; Subspecialty Group of Laryngopharyngology, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.

The assessment of vocal function plays an important role in the diagnosis of voice disorders. With the continuous development of voice medicine in China, the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of voice disorders are gradually professionalized and standardized. Experts of the Subspecialty Group of Voice, Society of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese Medical Association; Subspecialty Group of Laryngopharyngology, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery reached the expert consensus through clinical research, literature search, and quality evaluation, as well as two meetings and two rounds of questionnaire voting.

Comparative analysis of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and obese children from Southeastern China.

The prevalence of childhood obesity is rising globally, with some obese children progressing to develop metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the specific differences between these groups remain unclear. To investigate the differences in gut microbiota, we conducted physiological and biochemical assessments, alongside 16S rRNA sequencing, in a cohort of 32 children from Southeastern China, which included 4 normal-weight children, 5 with mild obesity, 9 with moderate obesity, 9 with severe obesity, and 5 with metabolic syndrome.

A global analysis of dairy consumption and incident cardiovascular disease.

The role of dairy products in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention remains controversial. This study investigates the association between dairy consumption and CVD incidence using data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank, complemented by an updated meta-analysis. Among Chinese participants, regular dairy consumption (primarily whole milk) is associated with a 9% increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and a 6% reduced risk of stroke compared to non-consumers.

A meta-analysis and systematic review of myocardial infarction-induced cardiomyocyte proliferation in adult mouse heart.

Background: The proliferation capacity of adult cardiomyocytes is very limited in the normal adult mammalian heart. Previous studies implied that cardiomyocyte proliferation increases after injury stimulation, but the result is controversial partly due to different methodologies. We aim to evaluate whether myocardial infarction (MI) stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation in adult mice.

[Clinical diagnosis and treatment of pitch-related disorders].

Pitch abnormalities are a common manifestation of various voice disorders, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms involving changes in vocal fold tension, mass, and neuromuscular dysfunction of the larynx. This study aims to investigate the underlying physiological mechanisms of pitch-related disorders and explore diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, providing insights for clinical management.

Factors Influencing the Demoralisation Syndrome of Post-Operative Patients With Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: We explored demoralisation syndrome among post-operative patients with breast cancer and its relationship with patients' body image and marital intimacy.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 237 patients with breast cancer who were hospitalised in the breast surgery department of Grade A tertiary hospital in Xiamen, China from June 2022 to December 2023 and met the standards of adaxation were selected by the convenience sampling method.

Adverse Reaction Reporting for Naxitamab in Chinese Expanded Access Treatment for Relapsed/Refractory High-Risk Neuroblastoma at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University.

Background: The humanized anti-disialoganglioside-2 monoclonal antibody naxitamab was approved in the USA in 2020 for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma, limited to the bone or bone marrow, in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Treatment with naxitamab under expanded access was initiated by physicians from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, in August 2021.

Objective: We reviewed all suspected adverse reactions (ARs) reported to the Y-mAbs Argus Global Pharmacovigilance Safety Database for patients treated with naxitamab under expanded access in China from 1 August 2021 to 31 July 2022.

Zi Shen Wan Fang repaired blood-brain barrier integrity in diabetic cognitive impairment mice via preventing cerebrovascular cells senescence.

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity disruption is a key pathological link of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment (DCI), but the detailed mechanism of how the diabetic environment induces BBB integrity disruption is not fully understood. Our previous study found that Zi Shen Wan Fang (ZSWF), an optimized prescription consisting of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (Phellodendron chinense Schneid.

[Analysis of clinical characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients initially diagnosed with abnormal laryngeal function].

To study the laryngeal functional characteristics of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)disease diagnosed at the voice clinic. A retrospective analysis(case series study) was conducted on the laryngeal functional characteristics of 7 patients [2 males, 5 females, age ranged from 43 to 76(60.85±13.

Using Dynamic CT to Explore the Effect of Disease Course on Arytenoid Dislocation.

Objective: Using dynamic computed tomography (CT) to explore the structural characteristics of the larynx in patients with arytenoid dislocation and compare the impact of the dislocation course on the structural changes of the larynx.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with arytenoid dislocation and 10 healthy subjects were selected as the dislocation group and the normal group, respectively. The 23 patients with arytenoid dislocation were divided into groups with dislocation duration less than 3 months (group A) and dislocation duration more than 3 months (group B).

[Analysis of vocal fold movement and voice onset behavior in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux based on high speed laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy].

Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux（LPR） have chronic inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa leading to a high response state in the larynx, which may make the vocal fold movement too fast. This paper discusses the characteristics of vocal fold movement and voice onset by analyzing laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy in patients with LPR. Forty patients with LPR were enrolled as LPR group.

Unhealthy plant-based diet is associated with a higher cardiovascular disease risk in patients with prediabetes and diabetes: a large-scale population-based study.

Background: The role of plant-based dietary patterns in preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations of plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful PDI (hPDI), and unhealthful PDI (uPDI) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and explore potential contributing factors among people with prediabetes and diabetes.

Methods: A total of 17,926 participants with prediabetes and 7798 with diabetes were enrolled from the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010 and followed until the end of 2020.

[Analysis of therapeutic effect of fibrocystic degeneration of vocal folds].

To explore the differences in clinical presentation and therapeutic outcomes between vocal fold fibrocystic degeneration and other common benign lesions, such as vocal fold polyp and cyst. Vocal function was assessed before and after surgery in 10 cases of vocal fold fibrocystoids, 30 cases of vocal fold polyps and 10 cases of vocal fold cysts at Department of Voice Medicine, Xiamen University Zhongshan Hospital. The voice Assessments included GRBAS（G-scale）, VHI-10 scale, Reflux Symptom Index（RSI） scale, stroboscope, acoustic objective analysis, and aerodynamics measurements.

[Analysis of the efficacy of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy and it's influencing factors in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis].

Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and it's influencing factors of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy for patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The retrospective study includes 57 patients who were diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and presented with hoarseness as their main complaint at the Department of Voice Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University from August, 2021 to August, 2023. Judging the efficacy of non-surgical treatment mainly focus on voice therapy through changes in acoustic, aerodynamic, and laryngoscopic parameters; Analyze the relationship between patients' age, gender, duration of disease, cause of nerve injury, type of nerve injury, side of nerve injury and efficacy of non-surgical treatment.

Bidirectional regulation of the brain-gut-microbiota axis following traumatic brain injury.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202508000-00002/figure1/v/2024-09-30T120553Z/r/image-tiff Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system. In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage, the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury; however, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear, and effective intervention methods are lacking.

A rare case of foreign body inhalation masquerading as calcification in the right upper lobe suggestive of tuberculosis.

Airway foreign bodies are a common clinical emergency, predominantly occurring in children, with adults less frequently affected. Airway foreign bodies can cause a variety of symptoms, with adults more commonly presenting with cough, a factor that often leads to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Due to anatomical features, most foreign bodies are more likely to be aspirated into the right bronchus, especially the right lower and middle bronchi, with the right upper lung less commonly involved.

Assessing the Hypertension Risk: A Deep Dive into Cereal Consumption and Cooking Methods-Insights from China.

Background: Cereal grains are rich in carbohydrates and could trigger a hyperglycemic response which is closely linked to blood pressure status. We aim to examine the associations between the consumption of cereals with different cooking methods and hypertension risk.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis utilizing the nationwide data of 11,080 adult participants who were free of hypertension at baseline.

Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented with Regard to Regulated Gut Microbiota in Mice.

Previous studies have shown that (AS) has a beneficial preventive and therapeutic effect on colitis. The fermentation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can alter the efficacy of AS by modifying or producing new compounds with potential bioactive properties. However, the specific components and mechanisms that enhance the efficacy are still unclear.

Fish oil supplementation in relation to the risk of chronic kidney disease among patients with diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the association between fish oil supplementation and subsequent risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients with diabetes, and further evaluate the mediation effect of typical glycolipid and inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods: In total, 24 497 patients with diabetes from the UK Biobank were included. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CKD risk, and the rate advancement period was calculated to quantify and communicate the impact of fish oil upon that risk.

Linking severe traumatic brain injury to pulmonary Infections: Translocation of intestinal bacteria mediated by nociceptor neurons.

The prevalence of bacterial infections significantly increases among patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI), leading to a notable rise in mortality rates. While immune dysfunctions are linked to the incidence of pneumonia, our observations indicate that endogenous pathogens manifest in the lungs post-STBI due to the migration of gut commensal bacteria. This translocation involves gut-innervating nociceptor sensory neurons, which are crucial for host defense.

Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of Pb and Cd in rice is affected by propolis and its extracts and Fe intervention.

Increasing the intake of dietary supplements containing antioxidant components can reduce the oral bioavailability of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and benefit human health. In this study, the effects of propolis and its extracts (kaempferol (KAE), quercetin (QR), and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)) in conjunction with proanthocyanidins (PA) on Pb and Cd bioaccessibility (BAC) and the relative bioavailability (RBA) in brown and polished rice are investigated. The results of in vitro tests showed that propolis and its extracts were effective in reducing Pb BAC in both brown and polished rice.

Tea polyphenol nanoparticles enable targeted siRNA delivery and multi-bioactive therapy for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease, while there is a lack of pharmaceutical interventions to halt AAA progression presently. To address the multifaceted pathology of AAA, this work develops a novel multifunctional gene delivery system to simultaneously deliver two siRNAs targeting MMP-2 and MMP-9. The system (TPNs-siRNA), formed through the oxidative polymerization and self-assembly of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), efficiently encapsulates siRNAs during self-assembly.