Trends in the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States, 1999-2018.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an escalating public health concern in the United States, linked with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Despite known risk factors like age, hypertension, and diabetes, comprehensive studies examining temporal trends in CKD prevalence are scarce. This study aims to analyze these trends using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Generation of novel bpm6 and dmr6 mutants with broad-spectrum resistance using a modified CRISPR/Cas9 system in Brassica oleracea.

Using an optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out the BTB-POZ and MATH domain gene BoBPM6 and the DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE 6 gene in Brassica oleracea resulted in new lines with broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Evaluating the predictive value of endoscopic findings for residual colorectal cancer following neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Background: Endoscopy allows for the direct observation of primary tumor characteristics and responses after neoadjuvant treatment. However, reports on endoscopic evaluation following neoadjuvant immunotherapy remain limited.

Aim: To examine the predictive value of endoscopic findings of primary tumors for responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy.

Rapid introgression of the clubroot resistance gene into cabbage skeleton inbred lines through marker assisted selection.

Unlabelled: Clubroot, caused by , is a globally pervasive soil-borne disease that poses a significant challenge primarily in cruciferous crops. However, the scarcity of resistant materials and the intricate genetic mechanisms within cabbage present major obstacles to clubroot resistance (CR) breeding. In our previous research, we developed an Ogura CMS cabbage variety, "17CR3", which harbors the gene, crucial for CR.

Endoscopic and imaging evaluations of the primary tumor response in patients with proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Background: Neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy is a potential treatment option for patients with proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. Preoperative screening via endoscopy and imaging examinations could help identify patients who may potentially achieve a complete response after neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic and imaging examinations in predicting pathological complete response after neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Tröger's Base as a Potential Bridge to Type-I Photosensitizers: Mechanism and Antitumor Applications.

In contrast to Type-II photodynamic therapy (PDT), Type-I PDT with less oxygen consumption has shown great potential against tumor hypoxia. However, there are limited strategies available for designing Type-I photosensitizers (PSs). Herein, we present a promising strategy for synthesizing Type-I PSs () using Tröger's base (TB) framework.

Progresses and Prospects on Glucosinolate Detection in Cruciferous Plants.

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest international research on detection methods for glucosinolates in cruciferous plants. This article examines various analytical techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and capillary electrophoresis (CE), while highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, this review delves into recent advancements in sample preparation, extraction, and quantification methods, offering valuable insights into the accurate and efficient determination of glucosinolate content across diverse plant materials.

Green Radish Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Mice via Short-Chain Fatty Acids Production and Gut Microbiota Regulation.

The objective of this study was to examine the hypolipidemic effect and potential mechanism of action of green radish polysaccharide (GRP) in hyperlipidemic mice. We found that in mice fed a high-fat diet, supplementing with GRP reduced body weight and liver index, significantly improved serum lipid levels and markers of liver damage, and mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation. Mechanistically, in these hyperlipidemic mice, the size of fat cells was reduced by GRP, and the abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets was reduced.

Autoimmune Diseases and Molecular Mimicry in Tuberculosis.

Unlabelled: Comorbidities in tuberculosis patients are increasing annually. Autoimmune pathology may influence the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB). However, the molecular mimicry between (Mtb) and human autoantigens is an important provocative factor in the development of autoimmunity on one hand.

Broadband terahertz holography using isotropic VO metasurfaces.

Vanadium dioxide (VO) exhibits exceptional phase transition characteristics that enable dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic wave. In this study, a novel design of bilayer isotropic metasurface is introduced. It leverages insulating-to-metallic phase transition of VO to enable broadband holography for terahertz wave.

FADS1 inhibition protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from ferroptosis in age related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss among the elderly individuals. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) ferroptosis is a significant pathogenetic component in AMD. This study aims to elucidate the role and mechanisms of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) in ferroptosis as well as AMD progression.

Correlation between Androgentic Alopecia and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant Infection in China.

With the widespread prevalence of COVID-19, researchers have suggested a potential link between androgens and COVID-19 outcomes. However, the relationship between COVID-19 and androgenetic alopecia (AGA)-a condition strongly influenced by androgens-remains controversial in existing studies. Notably, there is a lack of large-scale clinical studies, particularly concerning data on the Chinese population after infection with the Omicron variant.

Rural residents' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in relation to infection risk during the late stage of an epidemic: a cross-sectional study of COVID-19.

Background: In the field of public health, the prevention and management of infectious diseases in rural regions have always been crucial. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing rural residents' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices and their correlation with infection risk during the late stage of an epidemic, with a focus on the COVID-19 case.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural regions of China's Guangdong province, using a multi-stage sampling technique to select rural residents for a validated questionnaire survey in February 2023.

Green Radish Polysaccharide Prevents Alcoholic Liver Injury by Interfering with Intestinal Bacteria and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mice.

This study aimed to ascertain the potential benefits of green radish polysaccharide (GRP) in treating alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice and explore its mechanism of action. Using biochemical analysis, high-throughput sequencing of gut microbiota, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to measure short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces, we found that GRP intervention significantly improved lipid metabolism and hepatic function in mice subjected to excessive alcohol intake. The GRP intervention reduced malondialdehyde levels by 66% and increased total superoxide dismutase levels by 22%, thereby mitigating alcohol-induced oxidative stress.

Metabolic Engineering of for Self-Induced Production of l-Isoleucine.

As one of the three important branched-chain amino acids, l-isoleucine has a wide range of applications in the fields of medicine, food, and feed. Currently, the production of l-isoleucine is well-studied by , while the autonomous and efficient production of l-isoleucine in has not been reported. Here, we developed a production strategy that combined metabolic engineering with bacterial quorum sensing to achieve the efficient production of l-isoleucine.

Impact of on Ochratoxin A production, mycelium growth and pathogenicity of under water activity stress.

is a major producer of ochratoxin A (OTA), a highly toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin found in various food and feed products. produces excessive amount of OTA under various water activity (a) conditions that occur during food and feed storage. The biosynthetic gene clusters associated with OTA production include , which plays a key role in controlling mycotoxin production in response to environmental conditions.

Capsule endoscopy aspiration and respiratory physician's treatment insights: a case report and literature review.

Background: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is widely used for intestinal examination; however, capsule aspiration into the airway is a serious complication that requires urgent intervention. We present a management case report and review 39 cases from 2003 to 2023, providing insights into the prevention and treatment of capsule aspiration.

Case Presentation: A 69-year-old man with chronic bronchitis and emphysema presented with 7 months of intermittent melena.

Satellite-Based Monitoring of Methane Emissions from China's Rice Hub.

Rice cultivation is one of the major anthropogenic methane sources in China and globally. However, accurately quantifying regional rice methane emissions is often challenging due to highly heterogeneous emission fluxes and limited measurement data. This study attempts to address this issue by quantifying regional methane emissions from rice cultivation with a high-resolution inversion of satellite methane observations from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI).

Elucidating contributions of meteorology and emissions to O variations in coastal city of China during 2019-2022: Insights from VOCs sources.

Elucidating the meteorology and emissions contribution of O variation is a crucial issue for implementing effective measures for O pollution control. We quantified the impacts of meteorology and emissions on O variability during spring and autumn from 2019 to 2022, using multi-year continuous observations. A machine learning (ML)-based de-weathering model revealed that meteorology accounted for a greater proportion of O variability (71.

Neutrophil-based single-cell sequencing combined with transcriptome sequencing to explore a prognostic model of sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition influenced by various factors. Although gene expression profiling has offered new insights, accurately assessing patient risk and prognosis remains challenging. We utilized single-cell and gene expression data of sepsis patients from public databases.

Analysis on agricultural carbon emissions transfer of inter-provincial trade in China.

The "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals" has put forward new requirements for China's agricultural carbon emission reduction. It is easy to ignore the carbon emission transfer caused by agricultural trade if the reduction responsibility of carbon emission is merely defined from the supply side. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on agricultural carbon transfer for reasonably dividing the responsibility of agricultural carbon reduction in different provinces.

PD-L1 promotes tumor metastasis by regulating the infiltration of FGFBP2(+)Tm cells in colorectal cancer.

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can influence tumorigenesis and progression. We found PD-L1 can inhibit the infiltration of memory T (Tm) cells in vivo and in vitro by reducing the secretion of CXCL9, CXCL10 in colorectal cancer. Patients with high PD-L1 expression have minimal Tm cell infiltration, accompanied with a higher incidence of tumor metastasis.

NEFL Modulates NRN1-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway to Promote Diacetylmorphine-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis.

Diacetylmorphine abuse is a major social problem that jeopardizes the world, and abuse can cause serious neurological disorders. Apoptosis plays an important role in neurological diseases. A previous study by our group found that the brain tissue of diacetylmorphine-addicted rats showed severe vacuole-like degeneration and increased apoptosis, but the exact mechanism has not yet been reported.