[Chondrogenesis of adipose derived stem cells induced by misshapen auricular chondrocytes from microtia in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effects of the misshapen auricular chondrocytes from microtia in inducing.

Methods: Human ADSCs at passage 3 and misshapen chondrogenesis of human adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. auricular chondrocytes at passage 2 were harvested and mixed at a ratio of 7:3 as experimental group (group A, 1.

[Ear reconstruction for microtia with craniofacial deformities].

Objective: To investigate the methods and effectiveness of ear reconstruction for the microtia patients with craniofacial deformities.

Methods: Between July 2000 and July 2010, ear reconstruction was performed with tissue expander and autogenous costal cartilages in 1 300 microtia patients with degree II+ hemifacial microsoma, and the clinical data were reviewed and analyzed. There were 722 males and 578 females, aged 5 years and 8 months to 33 years and 5 months (median, 12 years and 2 months).

[Ear reconstruction after rupture of postauricular expanded flap].

Objective: To summarize the principles of ear reconstruction after rupture of postauricular expanded flap.

Methods: The rupture of the postauricular expanded flap was graded as I-IV degree. For flap rupture of I and II degree, the ear reconstruction was performed immediately with autogenous cartilage framework.

[Experimental research on DNA methylation profile in congenital microtia].

Objective: To screen for abnormal methylation in CpG islands and CpG sites through whole genome of congenital microtia to identify their associated genes. To discuss the relationship between abnormal methylation level of genes and the etiology of congenital microtia.

Methods: Residual ear cartilage of 50 patients with microtia was collected with ear cartilage of 34 patients without ear malformations as control.

Aesthetic and functional restoration of anterior neck scar contracture using a bipedicled expanded forehead flap.

Objective: The study aimed to explore a new method to restore functional and cosmetic outcomes for anterior neck burn scar contracture.

Methods: Tissue expanders were implanted subcutaneously under the muscle of the forehead. Tissue expansion started 1 week postoperatively.

[Sectional anatomical analysis of auricular and middle ear malformation in patients with microtia].

Objective: To analyze the sectional anatomical features of auricular and middle ear malformation in patients with microtia so as to improve the clinical classification and the instruction of surgery.

Methods: From Jun. to Dec.

A 2-stage ear reconstruction for microtia.

Objective: To introduce our 2-stage reconstruction of microtia method, which results in a natural-looking contour of the reconstructed ears, one of the most demanding challenges in facial plastic surgery.

Methods: In the first stage, the 3-dimensional cartilage framework is fabricated. The skin flap and retroauricular fascial flap are elevated in the mastoid area.

Post-traumatic ear reconstruction using postauricular fascial flap combined with expanded skin flap.

Introduction: Post-traumatic ear reconstruction still remains a great challenge for plastic surgeons. In this article, we present the technique of post-traumatic ear reconstruction using a postauricular fascial flap combined with an expanded skin flap.

Methods: From May 2007 to June 2009, 91 cases of post-traumatic ear defect were treated using a postauricular fascial flap combined with an expanded skin flap.

[Application of bi-pedicled frontal expanded flap for cervical cicatricial contracture].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of bi-pedicled frontal expanded flap for cervical cicatricial contracture.

Methods: Tissue expanders were implanted under frontal muscle. After expansion, the frontal flaps were designed based on bilateral superficial temporal vessels and were transferred to the neck wound.

Seasonal variation in months of birth of patients with microtia in a Chinese population.

Objective: Seasonality in months of births has been found in many congenital deformities, but little data are available in microtia, especially in a Chinese population. The aim of this study was to determine whether births of patients with microtia follow a seasonal pattern in a Chinese population.

Methods: Patients with microtia treated at the Plastic Surgery Hospital between 2009-03 and 2010-03 were investigated according to the months of births.

The significance of the biomechanical properties of costal cartilage in the timing of ear reconstruction surgery.

Background: We aimed to investigate the biomechanical changes of costal cartilage in a broad age range in order to provide a theoretical reference as to the optimal age to use costal cartilage in ear reconstruction surgery.

Method: Ninety patients (age 5-25 years) were categorised into three groups according to age: children, adolescent and adult. We investigated the biomechanical properties of rib cartilage including stress-strain relation, stress-induced relaxation, creep and maximum resistance to stretch.

Individual earmuff during reconstruction of the auricle.

Background: Auricular reconstruction represents one of the most demanding challenges in craniofacial surgery. But some of the complications may be stimulated by trauma or continuing pressures. Therefore, earmuff is important to the reconstructed ears as a protective guard.

[A surgical strategy and treatment outcome of acquired auricular defect].

Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome of a surgical strategy by soft tissue expansion in treating acquired auricular defect.

Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2009, 136 patients with acquired auricular defect were treated with a surgical strategy by putting autoallergic costal framework after soft tissue expansion. There were 93 males and 43 females, aged 8-60 years (median, 20 years).

Prevention and treatment of rupture and infection in expanded flaps during auricular reconstruction.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of infection and necrosis of expanded postauricular flaps during auricular reconstruction and to provide effective management strategies for complications in expanding postauricular flaps.

Methods: Data were gathered retrospectively for cases of partial rupture and infection of expanding postauricular flaps from the 58 cases of patients undergoing auricular reconstruction after preliminary tissue expansion. Treatment included the following: (1) auricular reconstruction with autologous costal cartilage framework immediately (28 cases); (2) stretching the expanded postauricular flap and fixing in place after expander removal (15 cases); (3) removal of the expander and reinsertion of a similar expander more than 6 months after the wound had healed (12 cases); and (4) continuing expansion after antibiotic treatment (3 cases).

Experience of correction of prominent ears.

Objective: To introduce our experience of correction of prominent ears by ear cartilage-folding method, which amalgamates some well-known techniques.

Methods: Preoperative design was in a routine way. The anterior area of antihelix was dissected subcutaneously, and the surface of the cartilage was scored thoroughly.

Tumbling cartilage flap and free auricular composite tissue transplantation for correcting mild and moderate forms of constricted ear.

Objective: To report a new surgical approach that results in a natural size and contour of the external malformed constricted ear.

Methods: A total of 62 consecutive patients with constricted ear underwent surgery between July 1, 2005, and December 31, 2007. Depending on the features and severity of the deformity, the methods of tumbling cartilage flap (CF), free auricular composite graft, or a combination of these 2 techniques were applied.

A new method to correct Stahl's ear.

Objective: Stahl's ear is a rare congenital auricular malformation in which an abnormal 'third crus' traverses the upper pole of the scapha. A number of different treatment options have been published to correct Stahl's ear deformity; however, none of them corrects all the variations perfectly. In this article, we describe our new method to correct this deformity.

Double-edged effects of neuropeptide substance P on repair of cutaneous trauma.

To explore further the role of substance P (SP) in wound healing and scar formation, SP concentrations in wounds of scalded rats were assayed. Expressions of apoptosis-associated genes in fibroblasts cultured with SP were detected. SP concentrations in superficial wounds increased earlier than those in deep wounds.

[Implication of technique of "two-flap" in ear reconstruction].

Objective: To explore the technique of "two-flap" in ear reconstruction.

Method: Quantitative tissue expansions were used in the mastoid area in the first stage. After the final injection, there was 1 month of sustaining time.

[Study of methylation of promoter of EYA1 gene in microtia].

Objective: To explore the methylation of CpG islands in promoter of eye absent gene 1 (EYA1) in microtia.

Methods: The methylation of CpG islands in EYA1 gene in 64 microtias and 36 healthy controls were measured using the technique of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight.

Results: The methylation of CpG_Unit3 and CpG_Unit5 of EYA1 gene in microtia were 0.

[Surgical treatment and etiological analysis of polyotia].

Objective: To explore the surgical treatment and pathologic mechanism of polyotia.

Methods: The operative methods for polyotia were flexible. The main procedures were aimed at the remodeling of tragus with the redundant tissue.

[Application of quantitative tissue expansion in ear reconstruction].

Objective: To explore the application of tissue expander in ear reconstruction and to deal with the complications.

Methods: 50 ml kidney-shape tissue expanders were implanted subcutaneously in the mastoid area. The drainage tube was removed 3 days after operation.

[Application of the remnant in repairing the reconstructed ear in microtia].

Objective: To explore the application of the remnant in repairing the reconstructed ear in microtia.

Methods: From October 2000 to July 2006, 1,823 patients with reconstructed ear underwent the second operation for repairing. The remnants were used to reconstruct tragus, antitragus, crus of helix, concha cavum, or relax the adhesion between the reconstructed auricle and cranio wall, or insert into the reconstructed lobule or under the basement of the costal cartilage frame to restore the cranio-auricular angle or to the preauricular subcutaneous to correct the facial local depression.