Microencapsulation of cornmint oil with octenyl succinate anhydride debranched starch by electrostatic spray drying: Characterization and release kinetics of the aroma components.

In this study, a novel method for the preparation of corn mint oil microcapsules was developed using electrostatic spray drying (ESD) with three octenyl succinate anhydride debranched starch (OSADS) wall materials. It was complexed with gum arabic (GA) and maltodextrin (MD). This study addresses the research gap that traditional methods have low efficiency in encapsulating volatile compounds (such as essential oils).

Cordycepin's therapeutic potential: in vivo transport, transbilayer diffusion and anti-aging effects.

Background: Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a bioactive compound known for its numerous beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-aging and antitumor effects. Despite its promising therapeutic potential, the in vivo transport mechanisms of cordycepin remain inadequately understood. Previous studies have highlighted its biological activity, but there is limited information regarding its transport and distribution, as well as how it interacts with biological systems to exert these effects.

Development and validation of a school satisfaction scale for medical students.

Objective: There is currently no widely accepted multidimensional School Satisfaction Scale (SSS) for Chinese medical students. To develop and validate the first SSS specifically for medical students in China. Our research sample is from China.

Convergent synthesis of steviol glycosides rebaudioside a and M.

Steviol glycosides, a natural health-focused sweetener, is receiving increasing attention. Herein, an efficient and concise approach for the convergent synthesis of Rebaudioside A and M has been devised. This method features a AuCl-tBuCN cooperative catalysis to achieve highly 1, 2-trans stereoselective glycosidation of a C2-branched trisaccharide trichloroacetimidate with tertiary C-13 hydroxy group in steviol aglycone, without relying on neighboring group participation.

Chinese Guidelines on the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis (2024).

With progress in basic and clinical research on hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis worldwide, the Chinese Society of Hepatology of the Chinese Medical Association has invited experts in relevant fields to revise the 2018 "Chinese Guidelines on the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis." The updated guidelines provide recommendations for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and both primary and secondary prevention of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis.

Phase Change-Mediated Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Air with a Molecular Triamine Network Solid.

The efficient removal of CO from exhaust streams and even directly from air is necessary to forestall climate change, lending urgency to the search for new materials that can rapidly capture CO at high capacity. The recent discovery that diamine-appended metal-organic frameworks can exhibit cooperative CO uptake via the formation of ammonium carbamate chains begs the question of whether simple organic polyamine molecules could be designed to achieve a similar switch-like behavior with even higher separation capacities. Here, we present a solid molecular triamine, 1,3,5-tris(aminomethyl)benzene (TriH), that rapidly captures large quantities of CO upon exposure to humid air to form the porous, crystalline, ammonium carbamate network solid TriH(CO)·HO (TriHCO).

Fast and Stable Neonatal Brain MR Imaging Using Integrated Learned Subspace Model and Deep Learning.

Objective: To enable fast and stable neonatal brain MR imaging by integrating learned neonate-specific subspace model and model-driven deep learning.

Methods: Fast data acquisition is critical for neonatal brain MRI, and deep learning has emerged as an effective tool to accelerate existing fast MRI methods by leveraging prior image information. However, deep learning often requires large amounts of training data to ensure stable image reconstruction, which is not currently available for neonatal MRI applications.

The triglyceride glucose-waist circumference is the best indicator for screening non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly people.

Background: this investigation aimed to assess the correlation between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and its related indicators, as well as the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c), with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis among middle-aged and elderly participants.

Methods: based on data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study included adults of ages 40 years and older in the United States. To explore the correlation between TyG and its related indicators, as well as TG/HDL-c with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis, multiple regression models were employed.

Quality control of mitochondrial nucleoids.

Mitochondrial nucleoids, organized complexes that house and protect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), are normally confined within the mitochondrial double-membrane system. Under cellular stress conditions, particularly oxidative and inflammatory stress, these nucleoids can undergo structural alterations that lead to their aberrant release into the cytoplasm. This mislocalization of nucleoid components, especially mtDNA, can trigger inflammatory responses and cell death pathways, highlighting the critical importance of nucleoid quality control mechanisms.

Atroposelective [4+1] annulation for the synthesis of isotopic isoindolinones bearing both central and axial chirality.

Isotopically chiral molecules have drawn much attention due to their practical applications in drug discovery. However, existing studies in this area are mainly limited to centrally chiral molecules and H/D exchange. Herein, we report a chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed atroposelective [4+1] annulation of ketoaldehydes and 1-indol-1-amines.

Tuning the microenvironment of immobilized molecular catalysts for selective electrochemical CO reduction.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR), as a novel technology, holds great promise for carbon neutrality. Immobilized molecular catalysts are considered efficient CORR catalysts due to their high selectivity and fast electron transfer rates. However, at high current densities, changes in the microenvironment of molecular catalysts result in a decrease in the local CO concentration, leading to suboptimal catalytic performance.

NRBF2 plays a crucial role in the acquisition process of learning and memory, independent of the Vps34 complex.

Introduction: NRBF2, a component of autophagy-associated PIK3C3/VPS34-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, plays a crucial role in learning and memory processes, yet its specific impact on memory and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains unclear.

Methods: Here, we utilized NRBF2 knockout mice to examine its influence on the time course of fear memory. Employing quantitative PCR, Western blot analysis, behavioral tests, and electrophysiology, we investigated the mechanisms through which NRBF2 affects memory processing.

Intestinal fibrosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease: Known and unknown.

Intestinal fibrosis is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leading to a high incidence of surgical interventions and significant disability. Despite its clinical relevance, no targeted pharmacological therapies are currently available. This review aims to explore the underlying mechanisms driving intestinal fibrosis and address unresolved scientific questions, offering insights into potential future therapeutic strategies.

The relationship between social support and depression among older adults with hypertension in urban communities: mediating effects of coping styles.

Background: Older adults with hypertension are at an increased risk of depression. Social support and coping style significantly influence this risk, with social cognitive theory suggesting that social support can affect an individual's coping style, and coping style can affect the effective use of social support. However, the mediating role of coping style in the relationship between social support and depression in older hypertensive patients remains unclear.

LATERAL FLORET 2 encoding a sucrose non-fermenting 2 chromatin remodeling factor regulates axillary meristem of spikelet development in rice (Oryza sativa).

The spikelet, a unique inflorescence unit of grasses such as rice (Oryza sativa), possesses developmental regulatory mechanisms that require further exploration. In this study, we identified a mutant named lateral floret2 (lf2), which exhibited abnormalities in spikelet development. The lf2 mutants produced lateral florets within the axils of sterile lemmas and/or lateral spikelets within the axils of rudimentary glumes.

The Dose-Dependent Effects of Fluorocitrate on the Metabolism and Activity of Astrocytes and Neurons.

Background: Fluorocitrate (FC) ranging from 5 μM to 5 mM is often used as a specific metabolic inhibitor of the astrocytes to study astrocytic functions. Whether FC at such concentrations may affect neuronal metabolism and function remains unclear.

Methods: We examined the effects of FC on the ATP levels and Ca activity of the astrocytes and neurons in the motor cortices of living mice using two-photon microscopy.

Interlocking Antiphase Boundary with 180° Domain Wall in PbTiO - Antiphase Ferroelectric Boundary.

The ferroelectric domain wall, serving as the boundary between separate data carriers based on domains, has attracted widespread interest due to its distinctive physical properties. Although the domain walls in ferroelectric materials are narrower than those in magnetic materials due to their higher lattice anisotropy, they still account for a considerable proportion in ultrathin films, reducing storage efficiency to some extent. Here, ultrathin antiphase ferroelectric boundaries (APFBs) are presented and validated their feasibility as ferroelectric domain walls.

"Seesaw effect" between daptomycin and ceftobiprole in daptomycin-resistant methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the "seesaw effect" of daptomycin (DAP) and ceftobiprole (BPR) on DAP-resistant (DAP-R) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates.

Methods: Broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of DAP and BPR were tested for laboratory-derived and clinical DAP-R MRSA isolates to estimate the "seesaw effect". Time-kill curves for seven representative DAP-R isolates were obtained using DAP and BPR to validate their synergistic activity in vitro.

Etoposide + cytarabine + pegfilgrastim versus cyclophosphamide + G-CSF for stem cell mobilization in patients with poorly mobilized multiple myeloma and lymphoma.

Background: In multiple myeloma (MM) or lymphoma with poor mobilization, the combination of etoposide, cytarabine (Ara-C), and pegfilgrastim (EAP) appears to have higher mobilization efficacy than cyclophosphamide (Cy) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (CG) regimens. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there were differences in efficacy and toxicity between the two mobilization regimens.

Methods: All data were collected from Department of Hematology at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University from May 2016 to March 2023.

Solar Modulation of Cosmic Nuclei over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

We report the properties of precision time structures of cosmic nuclei He, Li, Be, B, C, N, and O fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle from May 2011 to November 2022 in the rigidity range from 1.92 to 60.3 GV.

Antiprotons and Elementary Particles over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

We present results over an 11-year Solar cycle of cosmic antiprotons based on 1.1×10^{6} events in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.

Elucidating the modulatory effects of heteroatoms and substituent groups on ESIPT dynamics and optical properties in HBBX derivants.

The benzo furan-extended 2-(2'-hydroxybenzofuranyl) benzazole derivants (HBBX) have attracted widespread attention for their excellent photophysical properties. Some subtle structural alterations have been proven to influence the spectral characteristics significantly. However, a comprehensive understanding of the influence of structural regulation is still lacking.

Effects of ADRM1 on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in osteoporosis.

Objective: Adhesion regulating molecule-1 (ADRM1), a 26S proteasome adaptor protein, plays a crucial role in mediating the growth and differentiation of osteoclasts in osteoporosis (OP). However, its involvement in this osteoanabolic effect remains largely uninvestigated.

Methods: experiments, including both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches, were conducted in MC3T3-E1 and C3H10T1/2 cells.

Correlation between peripheral blood iNKT cell levels and exhaled NO in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the frequency of CD3 + TCRVα24 + iNKT cells, the proportions of iNKT CD4+, iNKT CD8 + and iNKT CD4-CD8- (DN) subgroups in peripheral blood, and nasal exhaled nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 40 AR patients and 40 patients with nasal septal deviation (DNS). The frequencies of the iNKT cell subgroups were analyzed, and nasal exhaled NO levels were measured.