Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Activity of Novel Eupatilin Derivatives Based on the Mannich Reaction.

Eupatilin, a natural bioactive flavone, is the active ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. To enhance the antitumor effect of eupatilin, we designed a series of novel eupatilin-Mannich derivatives and investigated antitumor activity against several human cancer cell lines, including gastric cancer cells (AGS), esophageal cancer cells (Eca-109), and breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231).

A stereodynamic probe of Pt(II) molecular hinge for chiroptical sensing of cryptochiral compounds.

Cryptochiral compounds are indispensable in biology systems and medical applications, yet the development of high-performance detection method remains challenging. Here, we report a hinge-like dinuclear Pt(II) complex as a stereodynamic probe for cryptochirality sensing. This probe features a constrained, closed conformation achieved through synergistic intramolecular π - π stacking and metal-metal interactions between cyclometalated Pt(II) wings.

A bundle-based approach on catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a multi-center study in Chinese tertiary hospitals.

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are one of the most common types of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Current studies mainly focus on risk factors, but the method to control them is unresolved. We aim to give an overview of the epidemiology of CAUTIs and explore the effects of bundle intervention on intensive care unit (ICU) inpatients.

Effect of Metal Site Mobility of Single-Atom Catalyst on Photocatalytic Water Oxidation.

Understanding the impact of catalytic site diffusion on photocatalytic performance is crucial to the rational design of water oxidation photocatalysts. In this study, we combined ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) with density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate single-atom transition metals (Ni, Pd) loaded on HfS and their diffusion effects on photocatalytic water oxidation. Transition state calculations indicated that the barriers (0.

Multichannel Photon Stimulated C-C Coupling for CO Reduction in a Mixed Water/Acetonitrile Solvent.

Designing effective photocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) requires a precise understanding of the dynamically photocatalytic mechanism under real conditions (e.g. solvent, light field).

Development of a novel high-frequency reciprocal structure fiber optical pulsed current sensor.

A novel all-fiber optic current sensor (FOCS) is designed specifically for the measurement of large transient currents based on the Faraday effect. A reciprocal symmetric structure is incorporated into the optical sensing loop, and the current dependent phase demodulation is achieved by using a passive optical fiber coupler and the homodyne detection scheme. This design offers several advantages, including structural simplicity, high voltage insulation, low noise, high linearity, and excellent frequency response, and is highly suitable for use in any system of high-voltage, high-power, and high-frequency in nature.

Determining the status of tertiary lymphoid structures in invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma based on chest CT radiomic features.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the status of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) using radiomic features in patients with invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IA).

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with IA from November 2015 to March 2024 were recruited from two independent centers (center 1, training and internal test data set; center 2, external test data set). TLS was divided into two groups according to hematoxylin-eosin staining.

The effect of air pollution exposure on foetal growth restriction in pregnant women who conceived by in vitro fertilisation a cross-sectional study.

Studies investigating the relationship between exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy and foetal growth restriction (FGR) in women who conceive by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) are lacking. The objective was to investigate the effect of air pollutant exposure in pregnancy on FGR in pregnant women who conceive by IVF. We included pregnant women who conceived by IVF and delivered healthy singleton babies in Guangzhou from October 2018 to September 2023.

A cost-effective oligo-based barcode system for chromosome identification in longan and lychee.

Oligonucleotide (Oligo)-based fluorescence hybridization (FISH) represents a highly effective methodology for identifying plant chromosomes. Longan is a commercially significant fruit species, yet lacking basic chromosomal markers has hindered its cytogenetic research. In this study, we developed a cost-effective oligo-based system for distinguishing chromosomes of longan ( Lour.

Cost Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies in Middle- and High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health burden, and screening can greatly reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Previous studies investigated the economic effects of CRC screening. We performed a systematic review to provide the cost-effectiveness of CRC screening strategies across countries with different income levels.

Bathing with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate versus routine care for preventing surgical site infections after pancreatic surgery: a single-centre randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The study aims to investigate whether bathing with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) reduces the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing routine pancreatic surgery.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a large-volume pancreatic centre between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022. Patients undergoing clean-contaminated pancreatic surgery were enrolled and randomized into an intervention arm (bathing with a 2% CHG wipe) and a control arm (routine care, soap, and water).

Mitochondrial genome structural variants and candidate cytoplasmic male sterility-related gene in sugarcane.

Background: Sugarcane is a crucial crop for both sugar and bioethanol production. The nobilization breeding and utilization of wild germplasm have significantly enhanced its productivity. However, the pollen sterility in Saccharum officinarum restricts its role to being a female parent in crosses with Saccharum spontaneum during nobilization breeding, resulting in a narrow genetic basis for modern sugarcane cultivars.

Development of monoclonal antibodies for ASFV K205R protein and precise mapping of linear antigenic epitopes.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a complex DNA virus belonging to the family Asfarviridae. The outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) has caused huge economic losses to the pig farming industry. The K205R protein is a key target for detecting ASFV antibodies and represents an important antigen for early serologic diagnosis.

Impact of achieving WHO's 90-70-90 targets on cervical cancer elimination and potential benefits in preventing other HPV-related cancers in China: a modelling study.

Background: In the context of the World Health Organization's (WHO) 90-70-90 targets for accelerating cervical cancer elimination, we aimed to assess the impact of achieving these targets and altering intervention factors on cervical cancer elimination in China and their potential benefits from preventing other human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers.

Methods: We developed a sexual contact network-Markov model to simulate HPV transmission and the progression of HPV-related cancers (cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers). We projected the population impact of achieving 90-70-90 targets by 2030 on the overall HPV-related cancer burden in China during 2024-2100.

Characterization and Correlation Analysis of Bacterial Composition and Physicochemical Quality in High- and Medium-Temperature Daqu from China's Binzhou Region.

To investigate the bacterial community structure and physicochemical characteristics of different types of Daqu in the Binzhou region, this study employed traditional pure culture methods, high-throughput sequencing technology, and conventional physicochemical assays for analysis. The research results indicate that Enterococcus faecium and Bacillus licheniformis emerged as the main LAB and Bacillus species in Daqu from Binzhou region, respectively. In addition, high-throughput sequencing revealed significant differences in bacterial community structure between the two types of Daqu (P < 0.

Modification of African classical swine fever p30 protein with magnetic nanoparticles and establishment of a novel rapid detection method.

African swine fever has caused huge losses to the global pig industry. In the absence of effective vaccines, reliable detection methods are crucial. The p30 protein of ASFV is often used as a target for detection due to its high antigenicity in the early stage of virus replication.

Modeling Grid Cell Distortions with a Grid Cell Calibration Mechanism.

The medial entorhinal cortex of rodents is known to contain grid cells that exhibit precise periodic firing patterns based on the animal's position, resulting in a distinct hexagonal pattern in space. These cells have been extensively studied due to their potential to unveil the navigational computations that occur within the mammalian brain and interesting phenomena such as so-called grid cell distortions have been observed. Previous neuronal models of grid cells assumed their firing fields were independent of environmental boundaries.

Network and stoichiometry analysis revealed a fast magnesium and calcium deficiency of mulched .

The imbalanced fertilization and the consequential deterioration on the rhizosphere microbial community (RMC) were two potential reasons for the quick yielding degradation of (Lei-bamboo), a high-value shoot-oriented bamboo. However, most research only focused on nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; the studies on the dynamics of other nutrients, such as calcium and magnesium; and their driving mechanisms, lags far behind. Thus, Lei-bamboo fields of different mulching and recovery ages were selected to investigate the dynamics of calcium and magnesium in both soil and bamboo tissue, and to explore their relationship to RMC composition and network patterns.

Visualization of argininosuccinate synthetase by analysis: novel insights into citrullinemia type I disorders.

Background: Citrullinemia type I disorders (CTLN1) is a genetic metabolic disease caused by argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) gene mutation. To date, the human genome mutation database has documented over 100 variants of the ASS1 gene. This study reported a novel deletion-insertion variant of ASS1 gene and employed various prediction tools to determine its pathogenicity.

MDV-encoded protein kinase U3 phosphorylates WTAP to inhibit transcriptomic mA modification and cellular protein translation.

Marek's disease virus (MDV)-encoded U3 is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase in alpha-herpesviruses. In other alpha-herpesviruses, such as pseudorabies virus (PRV), U3 phosphorylates the N6-methyladenosine (mA) methyltransferase Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), inhibiting mA modification. However, the role and mechanism of U3-mediated WTAP phosphorylation during MDV infection remain undefined.

YY1 downregulation underlies therapeutic response to molecular targeted agents.

During targeted treatment, oncogene-addicted tumor cells often evolve from an initial drug-sensitive state through a drug-tolerant persister bottleneck toward the ultimate emergence of drug-resistant clones. The molecular basis underlying this therapy-induced evolutionary trajectory has not yet been completely elucidated. Here, we employed a multifaceted approach and implicated the convergent role of transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in the course of diverse targeted kinase inhibitors.

Real-world clinical data-driven modelling on the initiation time of antiviral prophylaxis among pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B infection.

Background & Aims: The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) for pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) still exists, especially for those with high HBV DNA levels. The guidelines for initiating prophylaxis for pregnant women with CHB vary across countries. We aimed to explore the latest prophylaxis initiation time for these women.

Itaconic acid ameliorates necrotizing enterocolitis through the TFEB-mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway.

Excessive autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), yet the molecular underpinnings of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in NEC are not well characterized. This study aimed to elucidate alterations within the ALP in NEC by employing RNA sequencing on intestinal tissues obtained from affected infants. Concurrently, we established animal and cellular models of NEC to assess the therapeutic efficacy of itaconic acid (ITA).

Robust and Ultra-Efficient Anti-/De-Icing Surface Engineered Through Photo-/Electrothermal Micro-Nanostructures With Switchable Solid-Liquid States.

Photothermal superhydrophobic surfaces present a promising energy-saving solution for anti-/de-icing, offering effective icing delay and photothermal de-icing capabilities. However, a significant challenge in their practical application is the mechanical interlocking of micro-nanostructures with ice formed from condensed water vapor, leading to meltwater retention and compromised functionality post-de-icing. Here, a robust photo-/electrothermal icephobic surface with dynamic phase-transition micro-nanostructures are demonstrated through laser microfabrication and surface engineering.