Advancing river flood forecasting with a collaborative integrated modeling method.

River flood forecasting and assessment are crucial for reducing flood risks, as they offer early alerts and allow for proactive actions to safeguard individuals from possible flood-related damage. Effective modeling in this field often multiple interconnected aspects of the hydrologic cycle, such as precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and evaporation, requiring collaboration among hydrology experts. Such collaboration enables experts to handle and manage their specialized processes more effectively, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the development of integrated flood forecasting models.

Safety of repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopia: A systematic review.

Purpose: Establishing the safety profile of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy is necessary prior to its widespread clinical implementation.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42024516676) of articles across seven databases from inception through February 10, 2024, with keywords related to myopia and RLRL therapy. Pooled safety outcomes and risk-to-benefit ratios were reported, and incidence of side effects was compared with other antimyopia interventions.

Multifunctional cyclic biomimetic peptides: Self-assembling nanotubes for effective treatment of sepsis.

Antibiotic abuse has led to an increasingly serious risk of antimicrobial resistance, developing alternative antimicrobials to combat this alarming issue is urgently needed. Rhesus theta defensin-1 (RTD-1) is a theta-defensin contributing to broad-spectrum bactericidal activity via the mechanisms of membrane perturbation. Intriguingly, human defensin-6 (HD6), an enteric defensin secreted by Paneth cells without direct bactericidal effect, could self-assembled into fibrous networks to trap enteric pathogens for assistance of innate immunity.

Multiple pesticide exposure and impaired glucose regulation in U.S. non-diabetic population.

Prediabetes is a serious metabolic disorder that is often overlooked and 70% of individuals with prediabetes would eventually develop type 2 diabetes. The diabetogenic effects of pesticides have been reported in toxicological studies but their association with prediabetes is rarely investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and impaired glucose regulation (IGR), including prediabetes (defined as impaired fasting glucose [IFG] and/or impaired glucose tolerance [IGT]) and insulin resistance, in a general U.

Targeting AhR suppresses hepatocyte ferroptosis in MASH by regulating the Pten/Akt/β catenin axis.

Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), an essential host regulator, has been observed to be significantly upregulated in patients with Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The specific AhR antagonist CH223191 and siRNAs were employed to investigated the role of AhR and its potential as a therapeutic target for MASH in mice and hepatocytes model.

Unraveling the impact of drought on waterbird community assembly and conservation strategies.

Drought-induced changes in lakes and wetlands, crucial habitats for migratory waterbirds, can greatly affect their foraging and habitat utilization. These changes lead to a decline in waterbird species richness and may cause shifts in community assembly from phylogenetic and functional trait perspectives. However, a gap remains between ecological mechanistic research about these changes and conservation applications.

Double catalysis of CoSe-NiSe heterogeneous dual-chamber core-shell Achieves high conversion of polysulfides.

Achieving efficient catalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides is a key way to improve kinetics in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, due to the limited nature of the catalyst interface, it is difficult to achieve a high conversion rate of LiPSs in one step. A novel heterogeneous dual-chamber core-shell nanocatalyst (CoSe-NiSe@PC) is described here, which efficiently accommodates sulfur and provides a heterogeneous dual catalytic interface like a two-stage "filter".

Foliar uptake, translocation and its contribution to Cadmium accumulation in rice.

Rice may absorb Cadmium (Cd) from the air through its leaves. The process of Cd foliar absorption, accumulation, and redistribution is yet unknown, nevertheless. In this study, the process of Cd absorption from rice leaves and its accumulation and redistribution during all stages of the rice plant's growth were examined.

Multiple approaches to advance health equity in nursing science: Recruitment, data, and dissemination.

Ensuring equitable care and health outcomes for all populations is essential in nursing science. However, achieving health equity in nursing science necessitates a multifaceted approach to address the complex factors influencing health disparities. This paper presented the keynote address delivered at the Advanced Methods Conference hosted by the Council for Advancement of Nursing Science in 2023.

In-situ Sprayed platelet-derived small extracellular vesicles for the skin flap survival by reducing PANoptosis.

Necrosis at the distal end of random skin flaps remains a significant challenge, limiting the clinical application of these flaps in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Inhibiting ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and promoting the formation of neovascular networks are critical preventive strategies. Platelet-derived small extracellular vesicles (PL-sEV) are nanocarriers of growth factors that provide an alternative to clinically used platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysates, offering higher growth factor concentrations and lower immunogenicity.

CircMYH9/miR-133a-3p/CXCR4 axis: a novel regulatory network in sperm fertilization and embryo development.

This study aimed to investigate the influence of sperm miRNAs on fertilization rates (FR) in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and to explore potential regulatory mechanisms in sperm-mediated fertilization and embryo development. Through high-throughput sequencing, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs in sperm, with miR-133a-3p significantly upregulated in samples associated with low FR and available embryo rate (AER). Key regulatory circRNAs and mRNAs were further identified via the Starbase database, intersected with differentially expressed RNA, and analyzed through GO, KEGG, and PPI analyses.

Multifunctional transparent conductive films Langmuir-Blodgett assembly of large MXene flakes.

The rapid development of information technology has put forward new requirements for multifunctional properties of transparent conductive films (TCFs) beyond their excellent optoelectrical performance. Despite the recent progress in the preparation of multifunctional films composed of TiCT MXenes, achieving highly uniform single-layer TiCT MXene films (SLMFs) with continuous and dense conductive pathways to realize multifunctional TCFs (M-TCFs) remains a significant challenge. Here, the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique is employed to assemble large TiCT MXene (LM) flakes (∼52 μm) into SLMFs with controlled stacking density and morphology, enabling the fabrication of M-TCFs with high conductivity and transparency simultaneously.

Obstacles to Medication Adherence for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Qualitative Study in East China.

Purpose: To identify the factors impacting medication non-adherence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China, and to provide a reference for effective interventions.

Patients And Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted between December 2020 and July 2021 in four tertiary hospitals in East China. A conventional content analysis method was used in data analysis to extract themes and sub-themes in IBD Patients with poor medication adherence.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

X2-GNN: A Physical Message Passing Neural Network with Natural Generalization Ability to Large and Complex Molecules.

Neural network models excel in molecular property predictions but often struggle with generalizing from smaller to larger molecules due to increased structural diversity and complex interactions. To address this, we introduce an E(3) invariant (and equivariant capable) message passing graph neural network (GNN), namely, X2-GNN, that integrates physical insights via atomic orbital overlap integrals and core Hamiltonians. These features provide essential information about bond strength, electron delocalization, and many-body interactions, enhanced by an attention mechanism for improved learning efficiency.

Highly Efficient Synthesis of α-Amino Acids via Electrocatalytic C-N Coupling Reaction Over an Atomically Dispersed Iron Loaded Defective TiO.

The synthesis of α-amino acids via the electrocatalytic C-N coupling attracted extensive attention owing to the mild reaction conditions, controllable reaction parameters, and atom economy. However, the α-amino acid yield remains unsatisfying. Herein, the efficient electrocatalytic synthesis of α-amino acids is achieved with an atomically dispersed Fe loaded defective TiO monolithic electrocatalyst (Fe-TiO/Ti).

TG-CDDPM: text-guided antimicrobial peptides generation based on conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promising substitution to antibiotics thanks to their boarder range of activities, less likelihood of drug resistance, and low toxicity. Traditional biochemical methods for AMP discovery are costly and inefficient. Deep generative models, including the long-short term memory model, variational autoencoder model, and generative adversarial model, have been widely introduced to expedite AMP discovery.

Association between birth weight and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Birth weight has been reported to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adulthood, but the results have not yet been determined. This study aims to analyse the potential association of birth weight with COPD risk in UK Biobank.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis for participants without baseline COPD in UK Biobank.

Regulating Organic Modifiers on Metal-Based Catalysts for Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) has been proved as a promising pathway for valuable chemical production and sustainable carbon cycling. Various regulatory strategies have been explored to boost CORR performance. Among these, metal-based electrocatalytic CORR systems regulated by organic modifiers have been shown to play a pivotal role in regulating the complex catalytic processes.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy in the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disease: Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, Posterior Lumbar Fusion, and Hybrid Surgery.

Background: Numerous studies have confirmed that both posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and posterior lumbar fusion (PLF), have their advantages and disadvantages. However, the inconsistent results of these studies make it difficult to reach a consensus on which fusion method is superior.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of PLIF, PLF, and hybrid surgery combining PLIF and PLF in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.

Spheno-Orbital Aneurysmal Bone Cyst in Children: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review.

Background: Only 2% to 6% aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) involve the cranial region, and even fewer show sphenoid and orbital involvement. The spheno-orbital ABC is prone to misdiagnosis and can result in intraoperative bleeding and residual lesions. The study was to summarize the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients with spheno-orbital ABC in children.