Insights into the mechanisms, regulation, and therapeutic implications of extracellular matrix stiffness in cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a significant tumor component that serves various functions, including mechanical support, TME regulation, and signal molecule generation. The quantity and cross-linking status of ECM components are crucial factors in tumor development, as they determine tissue stiffness and the interaction between stiff TME and cancer cells, resulting in aberrant mechanotransduction, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and treatment resistance.

Prediction of bladder cancer prognosis and immune microenvironment assessment using machine learning and deep learning models.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a heterogeneous malignancy characterized by distinct immune subtypes, primarily due to differences in tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their functional characteristics. Therefore, understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) landscape in BCa is crucial for prognostic prediction and guiding precision therapy. In this study, we integrated 10 machine learning algorithms to develop an immune-related machine learning signature (IRMLS) and subsequently created a deep learning model to detect the IRMLS subtype based on pathological images.

High RRM2 Correlates with Mitochondrial and Immune Responses in the Eosinophilic Subtype of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the predominant subtype of RCC, is distinguished by unique biological characteristics and heterogeneity, including eosinophilic and clear subtypes. Notwithstanding progress in therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the prognosis for individuals with metastatic ccRCC remains poor, presumably owing to metabolic alterations leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects treatment response variability.

Methods: We analyzed histological and immunohistochemical data from a cohort at Dalian Medical University's First Affiliated Hospital alongside RNA-sequencing transcriptome data from the TCGA database.

Adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism and its related surgical characteristics.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of secondary hypertension. Adrenalectomy is an effective treatment for unilateral PA, particularly aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), resulting in improvements in biochemical parameters and blood pressure in the vast majority of patients. The article provides a comprehensive overview of PA, focusing on the outcomes of adrenalectomy for PA and the factors that may suggest prognostic implications.

The mechanism of USP43 in the development of tumor: a literature review.

Ubiquitination of the proteins is crucial for governing protein degradation and regulating fundamental cellular processes. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) have emerged as significant regulators of multiple pathways associated with cancer and other diseases, owing to their capacity to remove ubiquitin from target substrates and modulate signaling. Consequently, they represent potential therapeutic targets for cancer and other life-threatening conditions.

Aging-related biomarker discovery in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer patients.

Older patients with cancer, particularly those over 75 years of age, often experience poorer clinical outcomes compared to younger patients. This can be attributed to age-related comorbidities, weakened immune function, and reduced tolerance to treatment-related adverse effects. In the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) era, age has emerged as an influential factor impacting the discovery of predictive biomarkers for ICI treatment.

Identification of Immune-Related Genes and Small-Molecule Drugs in Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Based on the Integrative Machine Learning Algorithms and Molecular Docking.

Background: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic, severely distressing clinical syndrome characterized by bladder pain and pressure perceptions. The origin and pathophysiology of IC/BPS are currently unclear, making it difficult to diagnose and formulate successful treatments. Our study is aimed at investigating the role of immune-related genes in the diagnosis, progression, and therapy of IC/BPS.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Genes and Aging in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC): Clinical and Genomic Study.

It is anticipated that there will be a large rise in the number of tumor diagnoses and mortality in those aged 65 and older over the course of upcoming decades. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, often known as ICIs, boost immune system activity by selectively targeting ICI genes. On the other hand, old age may be connected with unfavorable results.

Comparison between renal pelvic and ureteral tumors in muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Although renal pelvic and ureteral urothelial carcinoma share similarities in their origins, disparities on a genetic and clinical level make them divergent entities. Clinical information from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to validate the characteristics and molecular subtypes using single-center data, which were compared between the two types of muscle-invasive tumors. Simultaneously, to expand the sample size for further verification, we explored a deep learning algorithm to correctly classify molecular subtypes from H&E histology slides.

Artificial Intelligence Meets Whole Slide Images: Deep Learning Model Shapes an Immune-Hot Tumor and Guides Precision Therapy in Bladder Cancer.

Background: To construct and validate a deep learning cluster from whole slide images (WSI) for depicting the immunophenotypes and functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in patients with bladder cancer (BLCA) and to explore an artificial intelligence (AI) score to explore the underlying biological pathways in the developed WSI cluster.

Methods: In this study, the WSI cluster was constructed based on a deep learning procedure. Further rerecognition of TME features in pathological images was applied based on a neural network.

Laparoscopic retroperitoneal resection of the duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors in neurofibromatosis type 1; Case Report and literature review.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1, also known as NF1, is a disorder that is passed down in an autosomal dominant manner. It manifests in a wide variety of tumors and affects several organ systems. It is expected that those carrying the NF1 gene will develop a rare mesenchymal tumor known as a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) more than general population.

Surgery improves overall and cancer-specific survival of rare urinary cancers; population - based study.

Unlabelled: Numerous rare urinary tract (UT) cancers lack adequate understanding of survival and therapeutic options, and nearly all responses to systemic therapy are unsatisfactory, yet clinical research is scarce.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, a total of (14,622 patients) with uncommon UT cancer (62.5%) in the overall survival (OS) group and (37.

Glycosylation in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors of the urinary system, accounting for around 2% of all cancer diagnoses and deaths worldwide. Clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is the most prevalent and aggressive histology with an unfavorable prognosis and inadequate treatment. Patients' progression-free survival is considerably improved by surgery; however, 30% of patients develop metastases following surgery.

Clinical value and molecular mechanism of AQGPs in different tumors.

Aquaglyceroporins (AQGPs), including AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, and AQP10, are transmembrane channels that allow small solutes across biological membranes, such as water, glycerol, HO, and so on. Increasing evidence suggests that they play critical roles in cancer. Overexpression or knockdown of AQGPs can promote or inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, and the expression levels of AQGPs are closely linked to the prognosis of cancer patients.

Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Overactive Bladder: Mechanism, Classification, and Management Outlines.

. Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) techniques have dramatically grown after approval to manage overactive bladder (OAB). The present review will focus on the most current data on PTNS types (percutaneous, transcutaneous, and implant) and their mechanism of action, safety, efficacy, advantages, drawbacks, limitation, and clinical applications.

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Radiological Predictors, Pathological Features, and Perioperative Outcomes Associated with Perinephric Fat Adhesion Degree.

Background: To assess the clinical characteristics, radiological predictors, and pathological features of perinephric fat adhesion degree (PFAD) graded based on fixed criteria and to determine the impact of adherent perinephric fat (APF) on retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RLPN) outcomes.

Methods: 84 patients undergoing RLPN were included and graded into 4 groups based on PFAD. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for clinical characteristics and radiological predictors of PFAD.

The safety and efficiency of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy via extra and intra perinephric fat approaches: a retrospective clinical study.

Background: This retrospective clinical study is to evaluate the safety and efficiency of two different approaches in retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy and provide experience and basis for the treatment of adrenal tumors through retroperitoneal approach.

Methods: From July 2015 to February 2018, 112 patients with adrenal lesions underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RLA) using a 3-port method. Among them, 56 patients underwent RLA via the extra perinephric fat approach (EPFA), 56 patients underwent RLA via the intra perinephric fat approach (IPFA).

Oridonin enhances the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in renal carcinoma cells by inducting necroptotic death.

Background: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used for the treatment of renal carcinoma. However, drug resistance remains the reason for failure of chemotherapy. Oridonin, extracted from Chinese herb medicine, displays anti-tumor effect in several types of cancer.

Long noncoding RNA lung cancer associated transcript 1 promotes proliferation and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells by negatively regulating miR-495-3p.

Recently, long noncoding RNAs have emerged as new gene regulators and prognostic markers in several cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we focused on the long noncoding RNA lung cancer associated transcript 1 (LUCAT1) based on clear cell RCC (ccRCC) the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data. However, whether aberrant expression of LUCAT1 in ccRCC is correlated with malignancy, metastasis or prognosis has not been elucidated.

[Clinical research on the correlations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal clear cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between renal clear cell carcinoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Two hundreds and sixty-four patients with renal clear cell carcinoma and four hundred controls who suffered from non-urinary system, non-neoplastic or non-hormone-related disorders, were enrolled from January 2008 to December 2012. The incidence of diabetes between the 2 groups and the relationship between renal clear cell carcinoma and duration of diabetes were compared, moreover, renal clear cell carcinoma patients with DM were compared with patients without DM for their clinical features, laboratory examinations and histological characteristics.