Effects of home-based interventions on cognitive performance in patients with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: With increasing age, dementia is a common disease in the elderly population，especially Alzheimer's disease. Owing to the nature of the disease, the function of patients deteriorates, which places a heavy burden on the country and family. Home-based training programs have been shown to improve cognitive function in patients with dementia.

Efficacy and safety of Shengjiang Xiexin decoction on irinotecan-induced diarrhea in small cell lung cancer patients: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Irinotecan is a standard chemotherapeutic agent in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, as a common adverse reaction, diarrhea limits the use of irinotecan. Shengjiang Xiexin decoction (SXD) has been used in various gastrointestinal diseases in China two thousand years ago. We designed this clinical trial to supply more evidences on the use of SXD as prophylaxis for irinotecan-induced diarrhea, especially for high-risk population predicted by gene testing of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1).

Cu(II)-Catalyzed Reaction of Ethynyl Methylene Cyclic Carbamates and Amines: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles.

A copper-catalyzed efficient, operationally simple, general method for straightforward syntheses of polysubstituted pyrroles employing ethynyl methylene cyclic carbamates as precursors reacting with commercially available amines was first reported. A wide variety of polysubstituted pyrroles were obtained in acceptable to good yields under mild conditions. This protocol features broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, and easy operation, therefore enabling late-stage functionalization and rapid synthesis of bioactive compounds, including structurally complex marketed drugs and natural products.

Microscopic observation of electromechanical instability in a dielectric elastomer actuator utilizing transparent carbon nanotube electrodes.

Electromechanical instability (EMI) restricts the performance of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), leading to premature electrical breakdown at a certain voltage. However, macro-level observations using traditional carbon grease electrodes have failed to capture the detailed features of EMI. In this study, we investigated EMI at the microscopic scale by fabricating transparent and conductive single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) electrodes.

Ambient PM components might exacerbate bone loss among middle-aged and elderly women: evidence from a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies have primarily focused on the links between fine particulate matter (PM) and bone health among the general population instead of PM components and the specific population. We aimed to investigate the associations between PM components and bone health among middle-aged and elderly women.

Methods: A total of 748 middle-aged and elderly women were randomly sampled from 32 streets/villages in Hubei Province.

Luminescence Probes in Bio-Applications: From Principle to Practice.

Bioanalysis based on optical imaging has gained significant progress in the last few decades. Luminescence probes are capable of detecting, monitoring, and tracing particular biomolecules in complex biological systems to figure out the roles of these molecules in organisms. Considering the rapid development of luminescence probes for bio-applications and their promising future, we have attempted to explore the working principles and recent advances in bio-applications of luminescence probes, in the hope of helping readers gain a detailed understanding of luminescence probes developed in recent years.

Intermolecular Formal [2π + 2σ] Cycloaddition of Enol Silyl Ethers with Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes Promoted by Lewis Acids.

Silyl enol ethers react with bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) through Yb(OTf)-promoted formal [2π + 2σ] cycloaddition reactions to furnish bicyclo[2.

Circ_0008571 modulates the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting miR-145-5p in intracranial aneurysms.

Background: The dysfunction of human vascular smooth cells (hVSMCs) is significantly connected to the development of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). By suppressing the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in IA pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the role of hsa_circ_0008571 in IAs remains unclear.

extract-loaded electrospun gelatin wound dressing for treating diabetic wounds: An in vitro and in vivo study.

In the current study, was loaded into electrospun gelatin scaffolds for diabetic wound healing applications. Scaffolds were characterized in vitro by mechanical testing, cell culture assays, electron microscopy, cell migration assay, and antibacterial assay. In vivo wound healing study was performed in a rat model of diabetic wound.

Association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its chemical constituents and premature death in individuals living with HIV/AIDS.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is associated with an increased total mortality. However, the association of PM with mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS, PLWHA) and the relationship between its constituents and adverse outcomes remain unknown. In this cohort study, 28,140 PLWHA were recruited from the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System of the Hubei Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in China between 2001 and 2020.

Bipyridine-,'-dioxides Catalysts: Design, Synthesis, and Application in Asymmetric Synthesis of 1-Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine Analogues.

A novel type of highly efficient chiral 2-symmetric bipyridine-,'-dioxides ligand application in catalyzing Michael addition/Cyclization of 5-aminopyrazoles with α,β-unsaturated 2-acyl imidazoles has been developed, affording the corresponding adducts in 85-97% yield with up to 99% enantioselectivity under mild conditions with a lower catalyst loading and broad scope. Remarkably, this protocol exhibits advantages in terms of reactivity and enantioselectivity, giving the fact that as low as 2.2 mol % of and 2.

Utilizing daily excessive concentration hours to estimate small for gestational age infants attributable to fine particulate matter in Wuhan, China.

Limited studies in China have explored the association between gravidae exposure to PM and small for gestational age infants (SGA), yielding inconsistent results. This study in Wuhan utilized daily excessive concentration hours (DECH) as a novel measure to assess PM's impact on SGA. Data on air pollutants and pregnant women were collected from the Wuhan Municipal Ecology and Environmental Bureau and Wuhan Children's Hospital, respectively.

Deciphering the Mechanism of Siwu Decoction Inhibiting Liver Metastasis by Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Experimental Validation.

Background: Siwu Decoction (SWD) is a well-known classical TCM formula that has been shown to be effective as a basis for preventing and reducing liver metastases (LM). However, the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically analyze the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms of SWD on LM and validate mechanisms involved.

Swimming exercise reverses transcriptomic changes in aging mouse lens.

Background: The benefits of physical activity for the overall well-being of elderly individuals are well-established, the precise mechanisms through which exercise improves pathological changes in the aging lens have yet to be fully understood.

Methods: 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice comprised young sedentary (YS) group, while aging mice (18-month-old) were divided into aging sedentary (AS) group and aging exercising (AE) group. Mice in AE groups underwent sequential stages of swimming exercise.

A Cu(Ⅱ)-eluting coating through silk fibroin film on ZE21B alloy designed for in situ endotheliazation biofunction.

In the cardiovascular field, coating containing copper used to catalyze NO (nitric oxide) production on non-degradable metal surfaces have shown unparalleled expected performance, but there are few studies on biodegradable metal surfaces. Magnesium-based biodegradable metals have been applied in cardiovascular field in large-scale because of their excellent properties. In this study, the coating of copper loaded in silk fibroin is fabricated on biodegradable ZE21B alloy.

Long-term trends in incidence, mortality and burden of liver cancer due to specific etiologies in Hubei Province.

Liver cancer, a chronic non-communicable disease, represents a serious public health problem. Long-term trends in the burden of liver cancer disease are heterogeneous across regions. Incidence and mortality of liver cancer, based on the Global Burden of Disease, were collected from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.

Nomograms for assessing the rupture risk of anterior choroid artery aneurysms based on clinical, morphological, and hemodynamic features.

Background And Purpose: A notable prevalence of subarachnoid hemorrhage is evident among patients with anterior choroidal artery aneurysms in clinical practice. To evaluate the risk of rupture in unruptured anterior choroidal artery aneurysms, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of risk factors and subsequently developed two nomograms.

Methods: A total of 120 cases of anterior choroidal artery aneurysms (66 unruptured and 54 ruptured) from 4 medical institutions were assessed utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab for small cell lung cancer with brain metastases: A case report.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a common and aggressive subtype of lung cancer. It is characterized by rapid growth and a high mortality rate. Approximately 10% of patients with SCLC present with brain metastases at the time of diagnosis, which is associated with a median survival of 5 mo.

Review of pre-metastatic niches in lung metastasis: From cells to molecules, from mechanism to clinics.

Distant metastasis is responsible for high mortality in most cancer cases and the lung is one of the most common target organs, severely affecting the quality of daily life and overall survival of cancer patients. With relevant research breakthroughs accumulating, scientists have developed a deeper understanding of lung metastasis (LM) from the rudimentary "seed and soil" theory to a more vivid concept of the pre-metastatic niche (PMN). Thus, the mechanisms of PMN formation become considerably complicated, involving various types of cells, chemokines, cytokines, and proteins, providing potential biomarkers for improved LM diagnosis and treatment techniques.

Colorectal cancer and its attributable risk factors in East Asia, 1990-2030.

Background: The disease burden of colorectal cancer in East Asia has been at a high level. However, the epidemiological characteristics of the disease burden in this region have not been systematically studied.

Method: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 program.

Performance of a non-irrigated bipolar radiofrequency ablation clamp on beating human hearts.

Objective: This study is intended to examine the efficacy of a non-irrigated bipolar RF clamp and explore the factors that can influence its performance on beating human hearts using the electrophysiology mapping method.

Methods: A total of 83 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients were included in this study. Based on the Body mass index (BMI, kg/m), the AF patients were divided into the normal group (18.

Finite element modeling and analysis of effect of preexisting cervical degenerative disease on the spinal cord during flexion and extension.

Recent studies have emphasized the importance of dynamic activity in the development of myelopathy. However, current knowledge of how degenerative factors affect the spinal cord during motion is still limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of various types of preexisting herniated cervical disc and the ligamentum flavum ossification on the spinal cord during cervical flexion and extension.

Ambient temperature variations and AIDS-related mortality: A time-stratified case-crossover study in 103 counties, China.

Background: Climate change, characterized by the steady ascent of global temperatures and the escalating unpredictability of climate patterns, poses multifaceted challenges to public health worldwide. However, vulnerable groups, particularly the population affected by HIV/AIDS, have received little attention.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the impacts of temperature variations on AIDS-related mortality.

Global burden of non-optimal temperature attributable stroke: The long-term trends, population growth and aging effects.

Since the 20th century, the world has undergone climate change, population growth and population aging, which may result in alterations in the epidemiology of non-optimal temperature-associated strokes. We employed multiple methodologies and data from the global burden of disease 2019 to unveil the long-term curvilinear trends in strokes attributed to non-optimal temperature and the impact of aging and population growth on its changing epidemiology. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) of strokes attributable to low temperature had been decreasing, but from 2016, the continued downward trend in ASDR disappeared and began to remain stable.