Effects of Prebiotics and Probiotics on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Clinically Diagnosed Samples: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Context: The use of prebiotics and probiotics as a treatment for psychiatric conditions has gained interest due to their potential to modulate the gut-brain axis. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in psychiatric populations.

Objective: The aim was to comprehensively review and appraise the effectiveness of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic interventions in reducing clinical depression and anxiety symptoms.

Revolutionising Cancer Immunotherapy: Advancements and Prospects in Non-Viral CAR-NK Cell Engineering.

The recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy have spotlighted the potential of natural killer (NK) cells, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-transduced NK cells. These cells, pivotal in innate immunity, offer a rapid and potent response against cancer cells and pathogens without the need for prior sensitization or recognition of peptide antigens. Although NK cell genetic modification is evolving, the viral transduction method continues to be inefficient and fraught with risks, often resulting in cytotoxic outcomes and the possibility of insertional mutagenesis.

Organoids as a model system for researching human neuroendocrine tumor of the breast.

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors primarily consist of endocrine cells commonly located in neural tissue and the endocrine system. Primary neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast are highly heterogeneous tumors characterized by a diverse cell population. Their rarity in the breast poses considerable challenges in studying their pathogenesis and developing effective treatments.

Magnetic fluorinated mesoporous metal-organic frameworks for rapid derivatization-assisted GC-MS analysis of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids in harsh water environment.

A novel magnetic mesoporous fluorinated metal-organic framework material (FeO@MIP-206-F) has been synthesized specifically for application as an adsorbent for perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) extraction by magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The carefully designed FeO@MIP-206-F material features an appropriate porosity, open metal sites of Zr, and functional groups (fluorine and amino) conducive to the adsorption process. The distinctive architecture of the material endows it with exceptional extraction capabilities for PFCAs.

Soybean bioactive peptide supplementation improves gut health and metabolism in broiler chickens.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of soybean bioactive peptide (SBP) on the growth performance and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers and to further elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal health using multi-omics analysis. A total of 320 1-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into two groups, with 10 replicates per group and 16 birds per replicate. Broilers in the control group received the basal diet, and those in the experimental group (SBPG) received the basal diet with 0.

Implementation of Function Focused Care for Acute Care Using the Evidence Integration Triangle.

Background: The purpose of this study was to test the impact of Function Focused Care for Acute Care Using the Evidence Integration Triangle (FFC-AC-EIT) on hospitalized patients living with dementia.

Methods: This was a clustered randomized clinical trial including 12 hospitals from two states and 455 patients living with dementia. Hospitals were randomized to FFC-AC-EIT versus FFC Education Only.

A Universal Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus via Bioinformatics and Immunoinformatics Approaches.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive disorders in sows and severe pneumonia in piglets, alongside immunosuppressive effects on the host. It poses a significant global threat to the swine industry, with no effective control measures currently available due to its complex pathogenesis and high variability. Conventional inactivated and attenuated vaccines provide inadequate protection and carry biosafety risks.

Establishment of a Real-Time Reverse Transcription Recombinase-Aided Isothermal Amplification (qRT-RAA) Assay for the Rapid Detection of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

Background: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a significant cause of bovine respiratory disease, resulting in significant losses to the cattle industry. For rapid detection of BRSV, a real-time recombinase-aided isothermal amplification assay (qRT-RAA) based on the gene of BRSV was developed in this study.

Results: The developed qRT-RAA assay showed good exponential amplification of the target fragment in 20 min at a constant temperature of 39 °C.

Application of Whisker-Toughened Aerogel to Recycling of Used Polyurethane Sheets.

In this study, a new environmentally friendly and efficient method for recycling and reusing waste polyurethane sheets is proposed. SiO aerogel was prepared using the sol-gel method, and mullite whiskers were introduced to enhance its toughness. The whisker-toughened aerogel was used in the degradation of waste polyurethane to produce modified recycled polyol, which was subsequently used to prepare recycled polyurethane foam insulation material.

A Novel Dual Cross-linking Reagent for Dentin Bonding Interface Stability.

The cross-linking reagent has been proposed as a means of modifying dentin collagen, inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase activities, and enhancing bond durability during dentin bonding procedures. This study aimed to synthesize an operation-friendly dual cross-linking reagent-3-(4-formyphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (FPA)-to assess its ability to cross-link dentin collagen and reduce enzymatic activity at the bonding interface. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by a cell counting kit-8 test and calcein AM/propidium iodide assay.

A bibliometric analysis of research trends and hotspots of pilocytic astrocytoma from 2004 to 2023.

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a WHO grade I neoplasm with a favorable prognosis. It is the most common pediatric benign tumor. Recently, PA has attracted more and more attention and discussion from scholars.

Distinct Gut Microbiota Profiles in Normal Weight Obesity and Their Association With Cardiometabolic Diseases: Results From Two Independent Cohort Studies.

Background: Normal weight obesity (NWO) is characterized by excess body fat in individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to investigate gut microbiota alterations in NWO and their potential associations with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) risk in two independent cohorts.

Methods: Our NWO-CMD mortality analysis included 168 099 adults with normal BMI from two large open-access databases, while our NWO-gut microbiota study involved 5467 adults with normal BMI from two independent cohorts: the WELL-China cohort and the Lanxi cohort.

Craniofacial Development Characteristics in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea for Establishment and External Validation of the Prediction Model.

Purpose: Aimed to analyze the developmental characteristics of craniofacial structures and soft tissues in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to establish and evaluate prediction model.

Methods: It's a retrospective study comprising 747 children aged 2-12 years (337 patients and 410 controls) visited the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (July 2017 to March 2024). Lateral head radiographs were obtained to compare the cephalometric measurements.

Visible-Light-Induced Synthesis of Azlactone Monomers and Dimers utilizing SF as both Condensation Agent and Oxidant.

The visible-light-mediated continuous dehydration condensation and oxidative radical dimerization, featuring sulfur hexafluoride (SF) as both a condensation agent and oxidant, have been developed. This photocatalytic method uses commercially available N-protected amino acids as substrates and enables the formation of azlactone monomers and dimers, facilitating efficient utilization and degradation of greenhouse gas SF.

[Characteristics and Comprehensive Quality Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil-crop System of High Geological Background Area].

Heavy metals （HMs） pollution in agricultural soil-rice systems has attracted worldwide attention as it directly threatens regional ecological security and human health. To understand the heavy metal pollution of agriculture soil and rice in the high geological background areas, a total of 200 paddy soil and rice samples were collected in southeast Chongqing. The concentrations of arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, chromium （Cr）, copper （Cu）, mercury （Hg）, nickel （Ni）, lead （Pb）, and zinc （Zn） in paddy soil and rice were analyzed.

Lnc-EST885 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through PI3K / AKT pathway by interaction with TRAF4.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major malignancy globally, characterized by high malignancy and intricate molecular mechanisms. This study aims to explore the role of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) lnc-EST885 in HCC development.

Methods: Cell experiments including FISH, western blot, flow cytometry and functional analysis were used to elucidate the effects of lnc-EST885 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and EMT processes.

BnaHSFA2, a heat shock transcription factor interacting with HSP70 and MPK11, enhances freezing tolerance in transgenic rapeseed.

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play important roles in plant developmental regulations and various abiotic stress responses. However, their evolutionary mechanism of freezing tolerance remains poorly understood. In our previous transcriptomics study based on DNA methylation sequencing, the BnaHsfA2 was found to be significantly accumulated in winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.

Clinical features, risk factors, outcomes, and prediction model for intrahepatic and perihepatic abscess following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic and perihepatic abscess (IPHA) is a severe yet understudied complication that can occur after hepatectomy. This multicenter study aimed to elucidate the clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of IPHA after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to develop a novel prediction model for personalized risk assessment.

Methods: This was a multicenter cohort study of HCC patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy.

[Fatty acid content in Jiangnan dishes in Hangzhou].

Objective: To analyze the fatty acid content of Jiangnan dishes in Hangzhou.

Methods: Based on the order frequency records from an online platform, two popular Jiangnan cuisine restaurants were selected for monitoring. Fat extraction was performed on three types of dishes: purely vegetarian, mixed vegetarian and non-vegetarian, and purely non-vegetarian, using acid hydrolysis.

Kinetic-energy-dependent over-barrier behaviors of nanorotors in tilted periodic potentials.

Thermal-induced transitions between multistable states hold significant interest in stochastic thermodynamics and dynamical control with nanomechanical systems. Here, we study kinetic-energy-dependent over-barrier behaviors in the rotational degree of freedom of silica nanodumbells in tilted periodic potentials. In the rotational degree of freedom, nanodumbbells can undergo critical transitions between librations and rotations as the ellipticity of the trapping laser field changes.

CRISPR/Cas12a-Powered Electrochemical Platform for Dual-miRNA Detection via an AND Logic Circuit.

The CRISPR/Cas technology shows great potential in molecular detection and diagnostics. However, it is still challenging to detect multiple targets simultaneously using the CRISPR-Cas system. Herein, we ingeniously leverage the synergistic effect of two short single-stranded DNA activators to construct a CRISPR/Cas12a-driven electrochemical sensing platform based on an AND logic circuit ("AND" LC-CRISPR) for the simultaneous detection of dual miRNAs.

DHA Improves neurodevelopmental abnormalities in offspring of gestational diabetes mellitus patients via the PPAR-γ/FATP4 pathway.

Offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) face an increased risk of long-term neurodevelopmental abnormalities. This study explores the altered expression of key placental fatty acid transport proteins-FATP2, FATP4, FATP6, FABP4, and FAT/CD36-in GDM patients, and the potential of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to mitigate neurodevelopmental risks in offspring by enhancing their expression through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). Our findings demonstrate that placental FATP4 expression is reduced in GDM patients.

Genetic analysis of partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 16.

Background: Pure partial trisomy 16q12.1q22.1 is a rare chromosome copy number variant (CNV).

Entangling Independent Particles by Path Identity.

Quantum entanglement-correlations of particles that are stronger than any classical analog-is the basis for research on the foundations of quantum mechanics and for practical applications such as quantum networks. Traditionally, entanglement is achieved through local interactions or via entanglement swapping, where entanglement at a distance is generated through previously established entanglement and Bell-state measurements. However, the precise requirements enabling the generation of quantum entanglement without traditional local interactions remain less explored.

Manipulating p-π Resonance through Methoxy Group Engineering in Covalent Organic Frameworks for an Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Kinetic factors frequently emerge as the primary constraints in photocatalysis, exerting a critical influence on the efficacy of polymeric photocatalysts. The diverse conjugation systems within covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can significantly impact photon absorption, energy level structures, charge separation and migration kinetics. Consequently, these limitations often manifest as unsatisfactory kinetic behavior, which adversely affects the photocatalytic activity of COFs.