Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms Underlying Waterlogging Tolerance in Barley.

Waterlogging is becoming a global issue, affecting crop growth and yield in low-lying rainfed areas. A DH line, TamF169, showing superior waterlogging tolerance, and its waterlogging-sensitive parent, Franklin, were used to conduct transcriptome analyses. The results showed that 2209 and 2578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Franklin and 1997 and 1709 DEGs in TamF169 were detected by comparing gene expression levels under control and waterlogging after 4 and 8 days, respectively, with 392 and 257 DEGs being specific to TamF169 after 4 and 8 days under waterlogging, respectively.

ALG8-CDG: Advances in Molecular and Prenatal Phenotyping Facilitate Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Counseling.

Background: ALG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG8-CDG) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder leading to severe multisystem manifestations, with no reported prenatal patients to date.

Methods: We describe two fetuses from a single family with ALG8-CDG presenting with prenatal hydrops, undergoing comprehensive prenatal ultrasound, umbilical cord blood biochemistry, autopsy, placental pathology, and genetic testing.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal hydrops, skeletal anomalies, cardiac developmental abnormalities, cataracts, echogenic kidneys and bowel, oligohydramnios, choroid plexus cysts, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Development of a Prediction Model and Risk Score for Self-Assessment and High-Risk Population Identification in Liver Cancer Screening: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Liver cancer continues to pose a significant burden in China. To enhance the efficiency of screening, it is crucial to implement population stratification for liver cancer surveillance.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple prediction model and risk score for liver cancer screening in the general population, with the goal of improving early detection and survival.

Clinicopathological and therapeutic comparisons of esophageal cancer between China and the USA: a multicenter hospital-based study.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) remains a global health challenge due to its poor prognosis. China and the United States of America (USA) represent two distinct epicenters of EC burden. Understanding the EC disparities in these two countries is vital for tailoring prevention strategies, optimizing treatment, and enhancing outcomes in both countries.

Experimental study on the inhibitory effect of Halofuginone on NSCLC.

In recent decades, significant advancements have been achieved in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. However, drug resistance, postoperative recurrence, distant metastasis, and other critical issues arise during NSCLC treatment. Natural products play a crucial role in the development of anti-tumor drugs.

Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net for esophageal target volume segmentation.

Purpose: The segmentation of target volume and organs at risk (OAR) was a significant part of radiotherapy. Specifically, determining the location and scale of the esophagus in simulated computed tomography images was difficult and time-consuming primarily due to its complex structure and low contrast with the surrounding tissues. In this study, an Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net was proposed to solve the segmentation problem for the esophageal gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical tumor volume (CTV) in CT images.

A Novel Detection Scheme for Motor Bearing Structure Defects in a High-Speed Train Using Stator Current.

Railway traction motor bearings (RTMB) are critical components in high-speed trains (HST) that are particularly susceptible to failure due to the high stress and rotational frequency they experience. To address the challenge of high false-positive rates in existing monitoring systems, this paper introduces a novel sensorless monitoring scheme that leverages stator current to detect fault-related characteristics, eliminating the need for additional sensors. This approach employs a hybrid signal preprocessing algorithm that integrates adaptive notch filtering (ANF) with envelope spectrum analysis (ESA) to effectively sparse the stator current and extract relevant fault features.

Spontaneous rupture of broad ligament vein in twin pregnancy: a case report and literature review.

Spontaneous uterine vein rupture in pregnancy is rare. This current case report presents a case of broad ligament vein rupture in spontaneous twin pregnancy that is even rarer. A female in her early 30s at the third trimester of a twin pregnancy presented with headache and left upper abdominal pain for 2 days.

Ultrasound-guided anterior iliopsoas muscle space block compared with fascia iliaca compartment block in elderly hip surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Elderly hip fracture patients experience severe pain. Surgical stress and pain during position changes for spinal anesthesia puncture can adversely affect hemodynamics. The objective of this study was to compare the perioperative analgesic efficacy of anterior iliopsoas muscle space block with supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block (S-FICB) in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery.

Boosting Carrier Transport in Quasi-2D/3D Perovskite Heterojunction for High-Performance Perovskite/Organic Tandems.

Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites are continuously in the limelight owing to their applicability in tandem solar cells. The main bottlenecks of WBG perovskites are interfacial non-radiative recombination and carrier transport loss caused by interfacial defects and large energy-level offsets, which induce additional energy losses when WBG perovskites are stacked with organic solar cells in series because of unbalanced carrier recombination in interconnecting layer (ICL). To solve these issues, 1,3-propanediammonium iodide (PDADI) is incorporated to form Dion-Jacobson -phase quasi-2D perovskites with mixed high-n-values in WBG perovskites.

Optimization and Preparation of Ultrasound-Treated Whey Protein Isolate Pickering Emulsions.

This study aimed to create Pickering emulsions with varying oil fractions and assess the impact of ultrasonic treatment on the properties of Whey Protein Isolates (WPIs). At 640 W for 30 min, ultrasound reduced WPI aggregate size, raised zeta potential, and improved foaming, emulsifying, and water-holding capacities. FTIR analysis showed structural changes, while fluorescence and hydrophobicity increased, indicating tertiary structure alterations.

Unveiling the Structure and Dissociation of Interfacial Water on RuO for Efficient Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Understanding the structure and dynamic process of interfacial water molecules at the catalyst-electrolyte interface on acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics is highly desirable for the development of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. Herein, we construct a series of p-block metal elements (Ga, In, Sn) doped RuO catalysts with manipulated electronic structure and Ru-O covalency to investigate the effect of electrochemical interfacial engineering on the improvement of acidic OER activity. Associated with operando attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements and theoretical analysis, we uncover the free-HO enriched local environment and dynamic evolution from 4-coordinated hydrogen-bonded water and 2-coordinated hydrogen-bonded water to free-HO on the surface of Ga-RuO, are responsible for the optimized connectivity of hydrogen bonding network in the electrical double layer by promoting solvent reorganization.

The diagnostic value of histogram analysis of DWI and DKI for the mismatch repair status of rectal adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic value of histogram analysis derived from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating the mismatch repair (MMR) status of rectal adenocarcinoma.

Methods: DWI and DKI were performed in 124 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma, which were divided into deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) group and proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) group. The patients' general clinical information, pathology and image characteristics were compared.

Development and Characterization of a New TILLING Population for Forward and Reverse Genetics in Barley ( L.).

Mutagenesis is an important tool in crop improvement and free of the regulatory restrictions imposed on genetically modified organisms. Barley ( L.) is a diploid species with a genome smaller than those of other members of the Triticeae crops, making it an attractive model for genetic studies in Triticeae crops.

Functional analysis on the role of HvHKT1.4 in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) salinity tolerance.

High-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs) are well known proteins that govern the partitioning of Na between roots and shoots. Six HvHKTs were identified in barley and designated as HvHKT1.1, HvHKT1.

Understanding the Role of Spin State in Cobalt Oxyhydroxides for Water Oxidation.

Although the electronic state of catalysts is strongly corrected with their oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances, understanding the role of spin state in dynamic electronic structure evolution during OER process is still challenging. Herein, we developed a spin state regulation strategy to boost the OER performance of CoOOH through elemental doping (CoMOOH, M=V, Cr, Mn, Co and Cu). Experimental results including magnetic characterization, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ Raman and density functional theory calculations unveil that Mn doping could successfully increase the Co sites from low spin state to intermediate spin state, leading to the largest lattice distortion and smallest energy gap between d and d orbitals among the obtained CoMOOH electrocatalysts.

A comparative evaluation of bioequivalence of Gan & Lee glargine U300 and Toujeo in Chinese healthy male participants.

Background: To assess the bioequivalence between Gan & Lee (GL) glargine U300 and Toujeo regarding pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety in Chinese healthy male participants.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, double-blind, single-dose, two-preparation, two-sequence, four-cycle repeated crossover design study was performed to compare GL glargine U300 and Toujeo in 40 healthy participants. The primary PK endpoints were the area under the curve of glargine metabolites, M1 concentration from 0 to 24 hours (AUC), and the maximum glargine concentration within 24 hours post-dose (C).

Impact of population ageing on cancer-related disability-adjusted life years: A global decomposition analysis.

Background: As the global population ages, the burden of cancer is increasing. We aimed to assess the impact of population ageing on cancer-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods: We used the decomposition method to estimate the impact of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological change on cancer-related DALYs from 1990 to 2019, stratified by 204 countries/territories and by their sociodemographic index (SDI).

High positive predictive value of CNVs detected by clinical exome sequencing in suspected genetic diseases.

Background: Genetic disorders often manifest as abnormal fetal or childhood development. Copy number variations (CNVs) represent a significant genetic mechanism underlying such disorders. Despite their importance, the effectiveness of clinical exome sequencing (CES) in detecting CNVs, particularly small ones, remains incompletely understood.