The effectiveness of the combined PBL and Tencent Conference online teaching mode in the clinical internship teaching of cardiac surgery.

Background: Educators increasingly emphasise the importance of clinical medical education reform, particularly the innovation of teaching models. Clinical internships in cardiac surgery are an essential stage in the development of medical students. Currently, it is still dominated by the traditional lecture mode.

A sample of the Moon's far side retrieved by Chang'e-6 contains 2.83-billion-year-old basalt.

Remote sensing observations have shown that the far side of the Moon (lunar farside) has different geology and rock composition to those of the nearside, including the abundances of potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus (collectively known as KREEP). The Chang'e-6 (CE-6) spacecraft collected samples from the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin on the farside and brought them to Earth. We used lead-lead and rubidium-strontium isotope systems to date low-titanium basalt in a CE-6 sample, finding a consistent age of 2830 (±5) million years.

Targeting MCH Neuroendocrine Circuit in Lateral Hypothalamus to Protect Against Skeletal Senescence.

Neuroendocrine regulation is essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. However, whether neuroendocrine pathway influence bone metabolism and skeletal senescence is unelucidated. Here, a central neuroendocrine circuit is identified that directly controls osteogenesis.

Early Identification of Rotten Potatoes Using an Electronic Nose Based on Feature Discretization and Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network.

The early identification of rotten potatoes is one of the most important challenges in a storage facility because of the inconspicuous symptoms of rot, the high density of storage, and environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, and ambient gases). An electronic nose system based on an ensemble convolutional neural network (ECNN, a powerful feature extraction method) was developed to detect potatoes with different degrees of rot. Three types of potatoes were detected: normal samples, slightly rotten samples, and totally rotten samples.

Transport dynamics of rare earth elements in weathering crust soils.

In modern industries, rare earth elements (REEs) are considered as essential metals and invaluable natural resources. Ion-adsorption deposits (IADs) are repositories of REE in the weathering crust soils, in which REEs are adsorbed on clay minerals. In the last few decades, the mining of REEs from IADs has caused substantial environmental damage owing to the overuse of leaching agents for the desorption and transport of REEs in weathering crust soils.

Comments on "was hydrogen peroxide present before the arrival of oxygenic photosynthesis? The important role of iron(II) in the archean ocean".

Recent research has hypothesized that hydrogen peroxide (HO) may have emerged from abiotic geochemical processes during the Archean eon (4.0-2.5 Ga), stimulating the evolution of an enzymatic antioxidant system in early life.

Effect of virtual reality training to enhance laparoscopic assistance skills.

Background: While laparoscopic assistance is often entrusted to less experienced individuals, such as residents, medical students, and operating room nurses, it is important to note that they typically receive little to no formal laparoscopic training. This deficiency can lead to poor visibility during minimally invasive surgery, thus increasing the risk of errors. Moreover, operating room nurses and medical students are currently not included as key users in structured laparoscopic training programs.

Kinetics of Oriented Attachment of Mica Crystals.

Oriented attachment (OA), that is, the coalescence of crystals through attachment on coaligned crystal faces, is a nonclassical crystal growth process. Before attachment, a mesocrystal consisting of coaligned parallel crystals but with liquid separating them was observed. Fundamental questions such as why OA is kinetically favored and whether a mesocrystal stage is a prerequisite for OA are raised.

Engineering an injectable gellan gum-based hydrogel with osteogenesis and angiogenesis for bone regeneration.

Injectable hydrogels are currently a topic of great interest in bone tissue engineering, which could fill irregular bone defects in a short time and avoid traditional major surgery. Herein, we developed an injectable gellan gum (GG)-based hydrogel for bone defect repair by blending nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO). In order to acquire an injectable GG-based hydrogel with superior osteogenesis, nHA were blended into GG solution with an optimized proportion.

Mechanochemical reduction of clay minerals to porous silicon nanoflakes for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes.

Hierarchically porous silicon nanoflakes were synthesized from natural talc a mechanochemical reduction method, which showed great potential in the scalable production of silicon nanoflakes due to the abundant precursor and facile strategy. The unique layered structure and chemical composition of talc enabled the formation of two-dimensional nanostructured silicon without any additional templates. As lithium-ion battery anodes, the silicon nanoflakes showed excellent electrochemical properties.

Accumulation, translocation, and fractionation of rare earth elements (REEs) in fern species of hyperaccumulators and non-hyperaccumulators growing in urban areas.

The issue of ion-adsorption type rare earth deposits (IADs) in urban areas of South China has garnered significant attention due to its environmental implications. Hyperaccumulator-based phytoremediation is a potentially effective solution for reducing the environmental impact of IADs in urban areas, particularly using ferns as they are known to be REE hyperaccumulators. However, the ability of different fern species to accumulate REEs in urban areas remains unknown.

Metabolome, Plant Hormone, and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Spatial Accumulation Pattern of Anthocyanins in Peach Flesh.

Anthocyanins are important secondary metabolites in fruits, and anthocyanin accumulation in the flesh of peach exhibits a spatial pattern, but the relevant mechanism is still unknown. In this study, the yellow-fleshed peach, cv. 'Jinxiu', with anthocyanin accumulation in the mesocarp around the stone was used as the experimental material.

Histone mRNA polyadenylation-mediated inflammation underlies various virus infections and cancers.

The mechanistic understanding of virus infection and inflammation in many diseases is incomplete. Normally, messenger RNA (mRNA) tails of replication-dependent histones (RDH) that safeguard naked nuclear DNAs are protected by a specialized stem-loop instead of polyadenylation. Here, we showed that infection by various RNA viruses (including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) induced aberrant polyadenylation of RDH mRNAs (pARDH) that resulted in inflammation or cellular senescence, based on which we constructed a pARDH inflammation score (pARIS).

A mineral-based origin of Earth's initial hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.

Terrestrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) may have played a central role in the formation of oxic environments and evolution of early life. The abiotic origin of ROS on the Archean Earth has been heavily studied, and ROS are conventionally thought to have originated from HO/CO dissociation. Here, we report experiments that lead to a mineral-based source of oxygen, rather than water alone.

Effect of ozonated water, mancozeb, and thiophanate-methyl on the phyllosphere microbial diversity of strawberry.

Phyllosphere microorganisms are closely linked to plant health. This study investigated the effect of ozonated water, mancozeb, and thiophanate-methyl on phyllosphere microorganisms in strawberry plants of the "Hongyan" variety. Sequencing analysis of the phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities was performed using 16S rRNA gene fragment and ITS1 region high-throughput sequencing after spraying ozonated water, mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and clear water.

Characterization of volatile constituents and odorous compounds in peach () fruits of different varieties by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and relative odor activity value.

The aim of this study is to acquire information for future breeding efforts aimed at improving fruit quality effects on aroma by comparing the diversity of Chinese local peach cultivars across 10 samples of three varieties (honey peach, yellow peach, and flat peach). The volatile components of peach fruits were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the main flavor components of peach fruit were determined by relative odor activity value (ROAV) and principal component analysis (PCA). A total number of 57 volatile components were detected by GC-IMS, including eight aldehydes, nine alcohols, eight ketones, 22 esters, two acids, two phenols, two pyrazines, one thiophene, one benzene, and two furans.

Microorganisms Accelerate REE Mineralization in Supergene Environments.

Exogenic deposits are an important source of rare earth elements (REEs), especially heavy REEs (HREEs). It is generally accepted that microorganisms are able to dissolve minerals and mobilize elements in supergene environments. However, little is known about the roles of microorganisms in the formation of exogenic deposits such as regolith-hosted REE deposits that are of HREE enrichment and provide over 90% of global HREE demand.

Effect of electron structure on the catalytic activity of LaCoO perovskite towards toluene oxidation.

LaCoO perovskites with different spin states of Co were prepared by calcination at 600-1000 °C. LaCoO with electron filling in the e orbital at 1 exhibited a moderate interaction between the surface oxygen, resulting in the best catalytic activity. This was verified by the O p-band center.

Oxalate regulate the redox cycle of iron in heterogeneous UV-Fenton system with FeO nanoparticles as catalyst: Critical role of homogeneous reaction.

The redox cycle of iron is a well-known rate-determining step for hydroxyl radical generation in photo-Fenton system. In this study, oxalate was employed as regulator to enhance the degradation of Orange II in FeO magnetic nanoparticles (NPs)-catalyzed heterogeneous UV-Fenton system. Results showed that the oxalate could interact with the surface ≡Fe species of catalyst, which weakened the bond of ≡Fe-O and promoted the leaching of iron ions.

Three-step closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation: A reliable and reproducible protocol in managing displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

Background: For displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs), the less invasive surgical techniques vary widely. Herein, the study is to introduce a novel, reliable and reproducible protocol of three-step closed reduction (distracting, elevating, and clamping) and percutaneous screw fixation for DIACFs.

Methods: This retrospective study included 32 patients with 33 DIACFs treated by the abovementioned surgical procedures with an average follow-up of 17.

Environmental risk assessment of the potential "Chemical Time Bomb" of ion-adsorption type rare earth elements in urban areas.

Ion-adsorption type rare earth elements (REEs) located in tropical and subtropical zones have abundant movable and bioavailable ion-exchangeable REEs and could be an environmental hazard. However, our understanding of their environmental risk in urban areas is limited. We aimed to determine whether ion-adsorption type REEs in Guangzhou represent a kind of potential "Chemical Time Bomb" (CTB) and assess the environmental risk.

Assessing environmental fate of hexavalent chromium as influenced by fractionation of ferrihydrite with dissolved organic matter.

The dynamic interactions among iron (Fe) oxides, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and toxic trace metals play crucial roles in risk assessment and environmental remediation. Although the inhibitory effects of DOM on the iron oxides transformation process have been studied previously, there is still a lack of mechanistic and quantitative understanding on the kinetics of Cr(VI) and ferrihydrite transformation in the present of DOM. In this study, we investigated the fractionation process of DOM on ferrihydrite and its influence on the fate of Cr(VI) and transformation of ferrihydrite.

Axl Is Essential for Angiogenesis Induced by Vitreous From Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized mainly with abnormal epiretinal angiogenesis forming fibrovascular membranes (FVMs), threatens vision of people with diabetes; FVMs consist of extracellular matrix and a variety of cell types including vascular endothelial cells. Axl, one of receptor tyrosine kinases, can be activated indirectly by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) an intracellular route for promoting angiogenesis. In this study, we revealed that growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6), a specific ligand of Axl, was elevated in vitreous from patients with PDR and that Axl was activated in FVMs from patients with PDR.