CD46 Is a Protein Receptor for Human Adenovirus Type 64.

Certain species D human adenoviruses (HAdV-D19, -D37, and -D64) are causative agents of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. HAdV-D37 has previously been shown to bind CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) and sialic acid as adhesion receptors. HAdV-D64 is genetically highly similar to HAdV-D37, with an identical fiber protein sequence, but differs substantially in its penton base and hexon proteins, two other major capsid components, due to genetic recombination.

Enhanced Immune Response Against Echinococcus Granulosus Through a CTLA-4/B7 Affinity-Based Vaccine.

Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that poses a significant threat to the health of individuals living in rural regions. While vaccination represents a potential strategy for disease prevention, there is currently no effective vaccine available for humans to prevent cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study aimed to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against Echinococcus granulosus for human use, employing immunoinformatics methods.

The Impact of Genetic Variation on Duck Hepatitis A Virus (DHAV) Vaccine Efficacy: A Comparative Study of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Against Emerging Variant Strains.

Duck virus hepatitis (DVH), caused by duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), poses significant challenges to duck farming due to high mortality rates in young ducklings. Despite the widespread use of live attenuated vaccines, the genetic diversity within DHAV strains has diminished their cross-protection efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the cross-protective efficacy of current DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 vaccines against genetically divergent wild strains.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Transient Increase in CD4/CD8 Cell Counts in People with HIV: Evidence from China.

: Accumulating evidence has confirmed the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on immuno-virological parameters in people with HIV (PWH) is uncertain. : A total of 372 PWH treated at Beijing Ditan Hospital were included.

Oral Yeast-Cell Microcapsule-Mediated DNA Vaccines Against Induce Effective Intestinal Immunity and Modulate Gut Microbiota.

is a common opportunistic pathogen that causes gastrointestinal diseases in livestock and poultry. Our preliminary research has demonstrated that administering oral yeast-cell microcapsule (YCM)-mediated DNA vaccines can effectively stimulate mucosal immunity, thereby preventing the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, the α-toxin gene was first cloned and the H126G and C-terminal (C247-370) mutations were created.

Challenges and New Directions in Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Development.

Tumor vaccine is a promising immunotherapy for solid tumors. Therapeutic tumor vaccines aim at inducing tumor regression, establishing durable antitumor memory, and avoiding non-specific or adverse reactions. However, tumor-induced immune suppression and immune resistance pose challenges to achieving this goal.

Material Visual Perception and Discharging Robot Control for Baijiu Fermented Grains in Underground Tank.

Addressing the issue of excessive manual intervention in discharging fermented grains from underground tanks in traditional brewing technology, this paper proposes an intelligent grains-out strategy based on a multi-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot. The robot's structure and control system are introduced, along with analyses of kinematics solutions for its parallel components and end-effector speeds. According to its structural characteristics and working conditions, a visual-perception-based motion control method of discharging fermented grains is determined.

Structural Design and Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Octupole Active Radial Magnetic Bearing.

This study addresses the challenges of magnetic circuit coupling and control complexity in active radial magnetic bearings (ARMBs) by systematically investigating the electromagnetic performance of four magnetic pole configurations (NNSS, NSNS, NNNN, and SSSS). Initially, equivalent magnetic circuit modeling and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to analyze the magnetic circuit coupling phenomena and their effects on the magnetic flux density distribution for each configuration. Subsequently, the air gap flux density and electromagnetic force were quantified under rotor eccentricity caused by unbalanced disturbances, and the dynamic performances of the ARMBs were evaluated for eccentricity along the x-axis and at 45°.

p-CuO/n-ZnO Heterojunction Pyro-Phototronic Photodetector Controlled by CuO Preparation Parameters.

The combination of ZnO with narrow bandgap materials such as CuO is now a common method to synthesize high-performance optoelectronic devices. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction pyroelectric photodetectors, fabricated through magnetron sputtering, by leveraging the pyro-phototronic effect. The devices' photoresponse to UV (365 nm) and visible (405 nm) lasers is thoroughly examined.

HKAN: A Hybrid Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Robust Fabric Defect Segmentation.

Currently, fabric defect detection methods predominantly rely on CNN models. However, due to the inherent limitations of CNNs, such models struggle to capture long-distance dependencies in images and fail to accurately detect complex defect features. While Transformers excel at modeling long-range dependencies, their quadratic computational complexity poses significant challenges.

Distributed Consensus Control for Discrete-Time T-S Fuzzy Multiple-Agent Systems Based on an Unknown Input Observer.

This paper investigates a consensus problem for a class of T-S fuzzy multiple-agent systems (MASs) with unknown input (UI). To begin with, an unknown input observer (UIO) is able to asymptotically estimate the system state and the UI is designed for each agent. In order to construct the UIO, the state interval estimation is obtained by first using zonotope theory.

YOLO-BOS: An Emerging Approach for Vehicle Detection with a Novel BRSA Mechanism.

In intelligent transportation systems, accurate vehicle target recognition within road scenarios is crucial for achieving intelligent traffic management. Addressing the challenges posed by complex environments and severe vehicle occlusion in such scenarios, this paper proposes a novel vehicle-detection method, YOLO-BOS. First, to bolster the feature-extraction capabilities of the backbone network, we propose a novel Bi-level Routing Spatial Attention (BRSA) mechanism, which selectively filters features based on task requirements and adjusts the importance of spatial locations to more accurately enhance relevant features.

Cloud-Edge-End Collaborative Federated Learning: Enhancing Model Accuracy and Privacy in Non-IID Environments.

Cloud-edge-end computing architecture is crucial for large-scale edge data processing and analysis. However, the diversity of terminal nodes and task complexity in this architecture often result in non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data, making it challenging to balance data heterogeneity and privacy protection. To address this, we propose a privacy-preserving federated learning method based on cloud-edge-end collaboration.

Real-Time Orbit Determination of Micro-Nano Satellite Using Robust Adaptive Filtering.

Low-performing GPS receivers, often used in challenging scenarios such as attitude maneuver and attitude rotation, are frequently encountered for micro-nano satellites. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a modified robust adaptive hierarchical filtering algorithm (named IARKF). This algorithm leverages robust adaptive filtering to dynamically adjust the distribution of innovation vectors and employs a fading memory weighted method to estimate measurement noise in real time, thereby enhancing the filter's adaptability to dynamic environments.

In-Motion Forward-Forward Backtracking Fine Alignment Based on Displacement Observation for SINS/GNSS.

To solve the problem of slow convergence seen in the traditional fine alignment algorithm based on linear Kalman filtering, a forward-forward backtracking fine alignment algorithm for SINS is proposed after reanalyzing the fine alignment model in this paper. First, the forward-forward backtracking fine alignment model in initial navigation frame was derived. The displacement vector of the carrier in the initial navigation frame solved by GNSS positioning was utilized as the observation of the fine alignment model.

ppb-Level SO Photoacoustic Sensor for SF Decomposition Analysis Utilizing a High-Power UV Laser with a Power Normalization Method.

A highly sensitive sulfur dioxide (SO) photoacoustic gas sensor was developed for the sulfur hexafluoride (SF) decomposition detection in electric power systems by using a novel 266 nm low-cost high-power solid-state pulse laser and a high -factor differential photoacoustic cell. The ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser is based on a passive -switching technology with a high output power of 28 mW. The photoacoustic signal was normalized to the laser power to solve the fluctuation of the photoacoustic signal due to the power instability of the UV laser.

High Carbonyl Graphene Oxide Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration by Inducing Ferroptosis via the System Xc-/GSH/GPX4 Axis.

Background/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by a high rate of both incidence and mortality, and its treatment outcomes are often affected by recurrence and drug resistance. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death mechanism triggered by lipid peroxidation, has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic target. Graphene oxide (GO), known for its oxygen-containing functional groups, biocompatibility, and potential for functionalization, holds promise in cancer treatment.

Prediction of SPT-07A Pharmacokinetics in Rats, Dogs, and Humans Using a Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model and In Vitro Data.

SPT-07A, a D-borneol, is currently being developed in China for the treatment of ischemic stroke. We aimed to create a whole-body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict the pharmacokinetics of SPT-07A in rats, dogs, and humans. The in vitro metabolism of SPT-07A was studied using hepatic, renal, and intestinal microsomes.

Nanotheranostics in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: Advanced Research Progress and Future Perspectives.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, with bone being the most common site of all metastatic breast cancer. Bone metastases are often associated with pain and skeletal-related events (SREs), indicating poor prognosis and poor quality of life. Most current therapies for breast cancer bone metastasis primarily serve palliative purposes, focusing on pain management, mitigating the risk of bone-related complications, and inhibiting tumor progression.

The Catalytic Degradation of Waste PU and the Preparation of Recycled Materials.

In this paper, we investigated the efficient metal-free phosphorus-nitrogen (PN) catalyst and used the PN catalyst to degrade waste PU with two-component binary mixed alcohols as the alcohol solvent. We examined the effects of reaction temperature, time, and other factors on the hydroxyl value and viscosity of the degradation products; focused on the changing rules of the hydroxyl value, viscosity, and molecular weight of polyols recovered from degradation products with different dosages of the metal-free PN catalyst; and determined the optimal experimental conditions of reaction temperature 180 °C, reaction time 3 h, and PN dosage 0.08%.

Comparative Analysis of Ca/Cation Antiporter Gene Family in and Enhanced Calcium Stress Tolerance via Heterologous Expression of RrCAX1a in Tobacco.

, a calciphilic species native to the mountainous regions of Southwest China, is renowned for its high vitamin C and bioactive components, making it valuable for culinary and medicinal uses. This species exhibits remarkable tolerance to the high-calcium conditions typical of karst terrains. However, the underlying mechanisms of this calcium resilience remain unclear.

C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein Family Analysis of Identified a Salt-Tolerance Regulator, .

is a representative aromatic species. Wild roses are known for their strong tolerance to highly salty environments, whereas cultivated varieties of roses exhibit lower salt stress tolerance, limiting their development and industrial expansion. Previous studies have shown that C2H2-type zinc finger proteins play a crucial role in plants' resistance to abiotic stresses.

Identification and Functional Analysis of the Gene Conferring Resistance to Late Blight () in Tomato.

Late blight is a destructive disease affecting tomato production. The identification and characterization of resistance (R) genes are critical for the breeding of late blight-resistant cultivars. The incompletely dominant gene confers resistance against the race T of in tomatoes.

Impact of Different Land-Use Types on Soil Microbial Carbon Metabolism Function in Arid Region of Alpine Grassland.

There are discrepancies that exist in the effects of different land uses on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil microbial carbon metabolism functions. However, the impact of land-use type changes on soil microbial carbon metabolism in alpine grassland arid areas is not well understood, hindering our understanding of the carbon cycling processes in these ecosystems. Therefore, we chose three types of land use (continuous reclamation of grassland (RG), abandoned grassland (AG), and natural grazing grassland (GG)) to study the microbial carbon metabolism and its driving factors by the Biolog-ECO method.

Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of Blueberry Root Drought Tolerance Through Yeast Functional Screening and Metabolomic Profiling.

Blueberry plants are among the most important fruit-bearing shrubs, but they have shallow, hairless roots that are not conducive to water and nutrient uptake, especially under drought conditions. Therefore, the mechanism underlying blueberry root drought tolerance should be clarified. Hence, we established a yeast expression library comprising blueberry genes associated with root responses to drought stress.