Collagen IV and Podocyte-Related Gene Variants in Patients with Concurrent IgA Nephropathy and Thin Basement Membrane Nephropathy.

Introduction: IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis among adults in clinic. Thin basement membrane nephropathy is often underestimated or even omitted if it coincides with IgA nephropathy. Therefore, it is necessary to study the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characteristics of the concurrence of this entity.

Etiology of granulomatous lobular mastitis based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively explore the etiology of granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) to optimize treatment programs.

Methods: We collected 30 fresh mastitis samples for metagenomic next-generation sequencing, morphological observation, and analysis of the clinical information.

Results: Of the 30 samples, 25 were GLM; pathogens were detected in 17, these were: Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (10 of 25, 40%); C.

A Critical E-box in 3' Enhancer Is Essential for Auditory Hair Cell Differentiation.

, a mouse homologous gene of Drosophila BarH class homeobox genes, is highly expressed within the inner ear and crucial for the long-term maintenance of auditory hair cells that mediate hearing and balance, yet little is known about the molecular events underlying regulation and function in hair cells. In this study, through data mining and in vitro report assay, we firstly identified as a direct target gene of Atoh1 and one E-box (E3) in 3' enhancer is crucial for Atoh1-mediated activation. Then we generated a mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) line carrying disruptions on this E3 site E-box (CAGCTG) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and this E3 mutated mESC line is further subjected to an efficient stepwise hair cell differentiation strategy .