Publications by authors named "ZhouHua Xie"
Mtb/HIV co-infection immune microenvironment subpopulations heterogeneity.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Background: The co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and tuberculosis poses a lethal threat. Currently, our understanding of the altered immune responses and diverse immune cell subpopulations triggered by dual pathogen infections remains inadequate.
Methods: We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the China National GeneBank Nucleotide Sequence Archive to study peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals infected with HIV-1 and those co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)/HIV.
Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a serious health threat, leading to high rates of illness and death, prompting the need for genomic analysis.
- Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were used to study 80 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from COVID-19 patients, revealing a novel variant with specific mutations in the spike glycoprotein.
- These mutations (H625R and S50L) could enhance the spike protein's flexibility and potentially alter its interaction with the ACE2 receptor, indicating ongoing evolution of the virus.
Article Synopsis
- Avian influenza viruses, particularly H5N6, are becoming more common and are a major health concern, leading researchers to investigate the immune response using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).
- This study analyzed blood samples from a critically-ill child with H5N6 and a healthy control, generating transcriptomes that helped identify different immune cell types and their roles in immune responses.
- The findings revealed 3,248 single cell transcriptomes and identified seven immune cell microenvironments, emphasizing the involvement of specific immune cells in inflammation and cell death processes, which aids in understanding H5N6 infection dynamics.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection is usually self-limited, with a short duration for viral shedding within several weeks. However, prolonged viral shedding has been observed in severe or immune-compromised coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. Here, we reported that three young adult cases of COVID-19 patients, who were either immunosuppressed nor severe, showed prolonged viral RNA shedding from the upper respiratory tract for 58, 81, and 137 days since initial diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We aimed to investigate clinical uncertainties by characterizing the accuracy and utility of commercially available antibodies of in the diagnostic assessment of suspected tuberculosis in high-burden countries.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cohort study among participants aged ≥ 18 years with suspected tuberculosis in Nanning, Guangxi, and China. Participants were tested for infection using commercially available antibodies against .
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed data from 70 patients with TBM-related ischemic stroke (TBMRIS) and 70 control patients with TBM only, finding key clinical features and risk factors through logistic regression analysis.
- * Significant risk factors identified include variations in red blood cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, C-reactive protein, cerebrospinal fluid glucose levels, and modified Research Council Grade II, contributing to a predictive model for high-risk TBM patients.
Article Synopsis
- * A study analyzed 118 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections to assess various clinical indicators during their hospital stay.
- * Findings revealed that specific blood markers (high ALT, AST, low CD4+, CD8+) correlated with a longer duration of detectable viral RNA, suggesting these indicators may help predict how long a patient will carry the virus.
Objective: There have been only a few studies of ischemic stroke in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB). This study aimed to explore the clinical features and the underlying pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis-related ischemic stroke (TBRIS).
Methods: Active pulmonary tuberculosis patients with acute ischemic stroke (without conventional vascular risk factors) were recruited as the TBRIS group.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are leading causes of death globally. However, little is known about the long-term mortality risk and the timeline of death in those co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). This study sought to understand the long-term mortality risk, factors, and the timeline of death in those with HIV-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) coinfection, particularly in those with insufficient TB treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Clinical study of artesunate in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019].
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
April 2020
Objective: To discuss the effective of artesunate in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: Using prospective method, the 43 cases of confirmed COVID-19 patients in Nanning Fourth People's Hospital from January 22nd to February 15th in 2020 were enrolled and divided into routine treatment group (n = 25) and artesunate treatment group (n = 18) by odd-even rule after admission. According to the guidelines, the routine treatment group was recommended to receive lopinavir/ritonavir 500 mg + α-aerosolized interferon 500×10 U, twice daily; the artesunate treatment group was given artesunate 60 mg, twice daily besides the routine treatment, for 10 days in both groups.
[Analysis of clinical characteristics of severe and critically ill influenza A (H1N1)].
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
September 2019
Objective: To investigate the clinical features, laboratory results, chest CT imaging manifestations and treatments of severe and critical influenza A (H1N1), and to analyze the relationship with the prognosis.
Methods: The clinical data of 54 adult patients with severe and critical H1N1 admitted to the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning from November 2018 to February 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Throat swab specimens of the patients were determined for nucleic acid detection of influenza A (H1N1) virus, and all of the patients were confirmed.