Metagenomic analysis further extends the role of Chloroflexi in fundamental biogeochemical cycles.

Chloroflexi members are ubiquitous and have been extensively studied; however, the evolution and metabolic pathways of Chloroflexi members have long been debated. In the present study, the evolution and the metabolic potentials of 17 newly obtained Chloroflexi metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were evaluated using genome and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) analysis. Taxonomic analysis suggests that the MAGs of the present study might be novel.

Alteribacter salitolerans sp. nov., isolated from a saline-alkaline soil.

A Gram-positive strain APA H-16(1) was isolated from a saline-alkali soil sample collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. Cells were rod shaped, non-motile, endospore forming, and aerobic. Growth occurred at 10-45 °C (optimum, 35 °C), pH 7.

Diversity and function of rhizosphere microorganisms between wild and cultivated medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch under different soil conditions.

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is a widely cultivated traditional Chinese medicine plant. In the present study, culture-independent microbial diversity analysis and functional prediction of rhizosphere microbes associated with wild and cultivated G. uralensis Fisch plant (collected from two locations) were carried.

Physicochemical and Microbial Diversity Analyses of Indian Hot Springs.

In the present study, physicochemical and microbial diversity analyses of seven Indian hot springs were performed. The temperature at the sample sites ranged from 32 to 67°C, and pH remained neutral to slightly alkaline. pH and temperature influenced microbial diversity.

Nesterenkonia haasae sp. nov., an alkaliphilic actinobacterium isolated from a degraded pasture in Songnen Plain.

An alkaliphilic actinobacterial strain, designated Hz 6-5, was isolated from saline-alkaline soil from Songnen Plain in north-eastern China. The isolate formed light yellow-colored colonies and its cells were Gram-staining positive, non-motile, and non-spore-forming short rods. The strain was aerobic with optimal growth at 33 °C, pH 9.

Correction to: Description of Paenibacillus yunnanensis sp. nov., Isolated from a Tepid Spring.

It was brought to our attention that the proposed name Paenibacillus yunnanensis is an illegitimate homonym of Paenibacillus yunnanensis Niu et al. 2015. We therefore propose changing the name of the newly proposed species to Paenibacillus tengchongensis as follows.

Bacillus tepidiphilus sp. nov., isolated from tepid spring.

A novel Bacillus strain, designated SYSU G01002, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from tepid spring in Tengchong, Yunnan province, south-west PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain SYSU G01002 shared the highest sequence identity with the type strain of Bacillus alkalitolerans (97.7%).

Description of Paenibacillus yunnanensis sp. nov., Isolated from a Tepid Spring.

A Gram stain-positive, rod-shaped and motile bacterium, designated SYSU G01003 was isolated from a sediment sample collected from tepid spring in Tengchong, Yunnan province, southwestern China. Growth observed at temperature ranging 28-37 °C (optimum 37 °C) and pH 6.0-8.

sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

A Gram-stain-positive, motile, rod-shaped and endospore-forming strain, SYSU K30002, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a karst cave in Xingyi county, Guizhou province, south-west China. SYSU K30002 grew at 28-40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 5.0-8.

Genome sequence and comparative analysis of DRQ-2, the type strain of Nonomuraea indica.

Strain DRQ-2 (type strain of Nonomuraea indica) is worthy for genome sequencing, due to its ability to produce a wide variety of industrially important enzymes such as amylase, asparaginase, cellulase, gelatinase, glutaminase, and protease. Genome sequencing and comparison of strain DRQ-2 is described in the present work. The genome size was estimated to be 8,288,417 (bp) that consisted of 59 contigs.

sp. nov., isolated from Blume.

A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic and non-motile strain, designated SYSUP0004, was isolated from the tubers of Blume collected from Yunnan Province, PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence result showed that the strain SYSUP0004 shared low similarity (97.7 %) with the type strain of .

Lysinibacillus cavernae sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

A Gram-staining positive, motile, rod-shaped and subterminal endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain SYSU K30005, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a karst cave in Libo county, Guizhou province, south-western China. Strain SYSU K30005 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Lysinibacillus fusiformis (98.6%) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus (98.

sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring.

The present study aimed to determine the taxonomic positions of strains designated R-5-52-3, R-5-33-5-1-2, R-5-48-2 and R-5-51-4 isolated from hot spring water samples. Cells of these strains were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped. The strains shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with KCTC 32020 (95.

Description of sp. nov., isolated from a tepid spring.

China is a hotspot for hot springs and during microbial diversity analysis of Tengchong hot spring, Yunnan province, south-west PR China, two strains designated SYSU G01001 and SY-13 were isolated. SYSU G01001 and SY-13 were Gram-stain-positive, motile and spore-forming. Colonies were white, circular, raised and punctiform.

Reclassification of Bacillus aryabhattai Shivaji et al. 2009 as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus megaterium de Bary 1884 (Approved Lists 1980).

In the present study, the taxonomic position of Bacillus aryabhattai and Bacillus megaterium was evaluated using morphological, biochemical, phylogenomic and genome analysis. The morphological and biochemical of these two species were almost similar with few exceptions. The major fatty acids in B.

Comparative genomics analysis of Nitriliruptoria reveals the genomic differences and salt adaptation strategies.

The group Nitriliruptoria, recently classified as a separate class of phylum Actinobacteria, has five members at present, which belong to halophilic or halotolerant Actinobacteria. Here, we sequenced the genomes of Egicoccus halophilus EGI 80432 and Egibacter rhizosphaerae EGI 80759, and performed a comparative genomics approach to analyze the genomic differences and salt adaptation mechanisms in Nitriliruptoria. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Euzebya tangerina F10 has a closer phylogenetic relationship to Euzebya rosea DSW09, while genomic analysis revealed highest genomic similarity with Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus ANL-iso2 and E.

Description of sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming strains, SYSU K30003 and SYSU K30004, were isolated from cave soil sampled in Xingyi County, Guizhou Province, south-west PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence results indicated that strains SYSU K30003 and SYSU K30004 had highest sequence similarities to DSM 26310 (93.2 %) and KCTC 33185 (97.

Two novel alkaliphiles, Bacillus alkalisoli sp. nov., and Bacillus solitudinis sp. nov., isolated from saline-alkali soil.

Two alkaliphilic strains, designated FJAT-45086 and FJAT-45122, were isolated from alkali soli in Nima County, Tibet, China. Both strains were Gram-positive, rod-shaped and shared low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the members of the genus Bacillus. They contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the cell-wall diamino acid and MK-7 as the menaquinone.

Genome-based reclassification of as a later heterotypic synonym of .

The present study was carried out to clarify the taxonomic relationship between two closely related species, Li . 2002 and (ex Boyer 1973) Nielsen 1995. The maximum-likelihood tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the phylogenomic tree based on concatenation of 16 protein-marker genes showed that these species were similar.

Amycolatopsis alkalitolerans sp. nov., isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume.

A Gram-staining positive and nonmotile strain designated SYSUP0005 was isolated from tubers of Gastrodia elata Blume. The 16S rRNA gene sequence result showed that strain SYSUP0005 shared highest sequence similarity with the type strain of Amycolatopsis cappadoca (95.7%), Amycolatopsis taiwanensis (95.

Genome-based reclassification of Bacillus plakortidis Borchert et al. 2007 and Bacillus lehensis Ghosh et al. 2007 as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus oshimensis Yumoto et al. 2005; Bacillus rhizosphaerae Madhaiyan et al. 2011 as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus clausii Nielsen et al. 1995.

In the present study, phylogenetic and genome-based comparison was carried out to clarify the taxonomic positions of alkaliphilic Bacillus species, Bacillus plakortidis, Bacillus lehensis, Bacillus oshimensis, Bacillus rhizosphaerae and Bacillus clausii. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and concatenated protein marker genes were constructed. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were calculated to compare genetic relatedness.

Croceibacterium gen. nov., with description of Croceibacterium ferulae sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Ferula sinkiangensis K. M. Shen and reclassification of Porphyrobacter mercurialis as Croceibacterium mercuriale comb. nov.

A novel endophytic bacterium, designated strain SX2RGS8, was isolated from the surface-sterilized roots of an endangered medicinal plant (Ferula sinkiangensis K. M. Shen) collected from Xinjiang, north-western PR China.

Transcriptomic analysis of two endophytes involved in enhancing salt stress ability of Arabidopsis thaliana.

Soil salinity is one of the serious environmental issues worldwide. In the present study, we made an attempt to isolate endophytic actinobacteria from halophyte and evaluate their growth promoting ability in Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress through transcriptomic analysis. Two endophytic strains SYSU 333322 and SYSU 333140 were isolated and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggests that these strains belong to Arthrobacter endophyticus and Nocardiopsis alba, respectively.