Quantifying Heart Rate Changes After Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Administration Using a PBPK-PD Model in Healthy Adults.

: As cannabis becomes legal in several U.S. states, the risk of THC-induced tachycardia increases.

Prediction of Vertical Ground Reaction Forces Under Different Running Speeds: Integration of Wearable IMU with CNN-xLSTM.

Traditional methods for collecting ground reaction forces (GRFs) mainly use lab force plates. Previous research broke this pattern by predicting GRFs with deep learning and data from IMUs like joint acceleration. Joint angle, as a geometric, is easier to collect than acceleration outdoors with cameras.

Autonomous Mission Planning for Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Multiscenario Reconnaissance.

Before a fixed-wing UAV executes target tracking missions, it is essential to identify targets through reconnaissance mission areas using onboard payloads. This paper presents an autonomous mission planning method designed for such reconnaissance operations, enabling effective target identification prior to tracking. Existing planning methods primarily focus on flight performance, energy consumption, and obstacle avoidance, with less attention to integrating payload.

Laser Stripe Centerline Extraction Method for Deep-Hole Inner Surfaces Based on Line-Structured Light Vision Sensing.

This paper proposes a point cloud post-processing method based on the minimum spanning tree (MST) and depth-first search (DFS) to extract laser stripe centerlines from the complex inner surfaces of deep holes. Addressing the limitations of traditional image processing methods, which are affected by burrs and low-frequency random noise, this method utilizes 360° structured light to illuminate the inner wall of the deep hole. A sensor captures laser stripe images, and the Steger algorithm is employed to extract sub-pixel point clouds.

HNP-1: From Structure to Application Thanks to Multifaceted Functions.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of innate immunity in animals and plants, exhibiting thrilling prospectives as alternatives to traditional antibiotics due to their ability to combat pathogens without leading to resistance. Among these, Human Neutrophil Peptide-1 (HNP-1), primarily produced by human neutrophils, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria and viruses. However, the clinical application of HNP-1 has been hampered by challenges associated with mass production and inconsistent understanding of its bactericidal mechanisms.

Vertical Stratification Reduces Microbial Network Complexity and Disrupts Nitrogen Balance in Seasonally Frozen Ground at Qinghai Lake in Tibet.

Global climate change has accelerated the reduction of permafrost regions across different altitude gradients, shortening the duration of the freezing period to varying extents. However, the response of the soil microorganisms of frozen soils along altitude gradients remains unclear. In this study, we employed 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS metabolomics to investigate the response of soil microbial communities and soil metabolites to vertical stratification in the permafrost soils of the Qinghai Lake region.

Study on the Properties of Ag-NbAlC Composite as an Electric Contact Material.

Ag-NbAlC composite materials with a NbAlC volume percentage ranging from 10% to 40% were prepared using the spark plasma sintering method. The composite with 10% NbAlC achieved a high density of 99.2%.

Transcriptomic Profiling Highlights Metabolic and Biosynthetic Pathways Involved in In Vitro Flowering in (Wall.) Lindl.

Background: Tissue culture is one of the most important methods for propagating orchids. Notably, many orchid seedlings exhibit autonomous flowering during the cultivation process. To explore the underlying mechanism, (Wall.

Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber and Equivalent Circuit Model for Refractive Index Sensing.

As a kind of important functional device, terahertz metamaterial absorbers (TMA) have been focused on by many researchers for their capacity to absorb electromagnetic waves and wide application fields. In this work, we designed a terahertz metamaterial absorber with narrow-band absorption for refractive index sensing, which consisted of a circular metal ring resonator and a square metal ring resonator. The simulation results show that the absorptivity of the proposed TMA reached over 68.

Influence of PEA on Volume Stability of Cement-Based Grouting Materials and Its Mechanism.

Traditional expansive agents often fail to address early-stage cracking issues of grouting. A plastic expansive agent (PEA) can generate evenly distributed and closely packed microbubbles in the cement-basted grouting materials during the grout's setting process to cause volume expansion. However, its expansion mechanism is still unclear, and this restricts its practical application in engineering.

Transcriptome Analysis and Resistance Identification of and Co-Transformation Rice.

Insect pests and weeds are the two major biotic factors affecting crop yield in the modern agricultural system. In this study, a brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene () and glufosinate tolerance gene () were stacked into a single T-DNA cassette and transformed into an indica rice ( L.) line H23.

Inhibition Effects and Mechanism Study of rAj-HRP30, a Recombinant Histidine-Rich Peptide from , on the Viability of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Panc01 and Panc02.

rAj-HRP30 is a recombinant peptide derived from the wild-type rAj-HRP of through a gene-shortening mutation. It has a high histidine content (53.3% in its primary structure) and a molecular weight of 3.

The Gut Bacteria of (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) by Culturomics.

Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1862, is a type of omnivorous chirping insect with a long history of artificial breeding. It has high economic value and is also an excellent orthopteran model organism. In this study, 12 types of culture media combined with 16S rRNA sequencing were employed to isolate 838 bacterial strains from the gut of .

Towards automatical tumor segmentation in radiomics: a comparative analysis of various methods and radiologists for both region extraction and downstream diagnosis.

Objective: By discussing the difference, stability and classification ability of tumor contour extracted by artificial intelligence and doctors, can a more stable method of tumor contour extraction be obtained?

Methods: We propose a novel framework for the automatic segmentation of lung tumor contours and the differential diagnosis of downstream tasks. This framework integrates four key modules: tumor segmentation, extraction of radiomic features, feature selection, and the development of diagnostic models for clinical applications. Using this framework, we conducted a study involving a cohort of 1,429 patients suspected of lung cancer.

Implementation of two-roller scheduling path planning under road construction scenarios.

Previous studies have verified the feasibility of single unmanned roller tracking paths and have effectively evaluated the performance of pavement compaction. Nevertheless, the issue of scheduling faulty rollers (e.g.

Efficacy of Naringenin against aging and degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells through IGFBP3 inhibition.

Naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacology. However, the pharmacological mechanisms through which NAR prevents and treats intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remain unclear. We utilized bioinformatics, machine learning, and network pharmacology to identify shared targets among NAR, senescence, and IDD.

Establishment of an alternative splicing prognostic risk model and identification of FN1 as a potential biomarker in glioblastoma multiforme.

Aberrant alternative splicing and abnormal alternative splicing events (ASEs) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remain largely elusive. The prognostic-associated ASEs in GBM were identified and summarized into 123 genes using GBM and LGG datasets from ASCancer Atlas and TCGA. The eleven genes (C2, COL3A1, CTSL, EIF3L, FKBP9, FN1, HPCAL1, HSPB1, IGFBP4, MANBA, PRKAR1B) were screened to develop an alternative splicing prognostic risk score (ASRS) model through machine learning algorithms.

Copper-Catalyzed Glycosylation Protocol Based on 1,4-Naphthoquinone-Derived Thioglycosides.

We report a copper-catalyzed glycosylation protocol utilizing 2-(-methoxyphenylethynyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone-3-thioglycosides (NQTs) as effective glycosyl donors. These novel donors, characterized by a naphthoquinone scaffold, enable rapid and efficient preparation through a one-pot, two-step synthesis. Additionally, they are efficiently activated by cost-effective Cu(II) salts, facilitating glycosylation with a broad range of substrates.

Enhanced viability and functional maturity of iPSC-derived islet organoids by collagen-VI-enriched ECM scaffolds.

Islet organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells offer a promising solution for the shortage of cadaveric donors in diabetes treatment. However, challenges remain in improving their differentiation, viability, functional maturity, and engraftment. Here, we generated improved islet organoids with high viability and functionality by employing extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel of decellularized amniotic membrane (dAM).

Preferential Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter onto AlO Regulated Heterogeneous (Fe, Cr)(OH) Coprecipitation: Roles of Aromaticity and Acidity.

Under acidic pH conditions, the mobility of Cr is controlled by (Fe, Cr)(OH) coprecipitation in solution (homogeneous) and on soils (heterogeneous), and natural organic matter (NOM) adsorption onto soils could affect heterogeneous (Fe, Cr)(OH) precipitation on soils and, thus, Cr transport. Here, Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM) adsorption onto AlO was investigated under varied carbon concentrations, and properties of SRNOM-coated surfaces were characterized using spectroscopic and interfacial techniques. Heterogeneous (Fe, Cr)(OH) precipitation on SRNOM-coated surfaces was studied at acidic pH via metal analysis and phase/size characterization.

ChatGPT in Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment: Applications, Legal and Ethical Challenges.

Purpose Of Review: This study aims to systematically review the trajectory of artificial intelligence (AI) development in the medical field, with a particular emphasis on ChatGPT, a cutting-edge tool that is transforming oncology's diagnosis and treatment practices.

Recent Findings: Recent advancements have demonstrated that ChatGPT can be effectively utilized in various areas, including collecting medical histories, conducting radiological & pathological diagnoses, generating electronic medical record (EMR), providing nutritional support, participating in Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) and formulating personalized, multidisciplinary treatment plans. However, some significant challenges related to data privacy and legal issues that need to be addressed for the safe and effective integration of ChatGPT into clinical practice.

Machine learning-derived prognostic signature integrating programmed cell death and mitochondrial function in renal clear cell carcinoma: identification of PIF1 as a novel target.

Background: The pathogenesis and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involve complex programmed cell death (PCD) processes. As the powerhouse of the cell, mitochondria can influence cell death mechanisms. However, the prognostic significance of the interplay between mitochondrial function (MF) and PCD remains unclear.

Association Between Physiological Significance and Vulnerable Plaque Characteristics in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: A Prospect II Substudy.

Background: Hemodynamically obstructive coronary plaques may contain more vulnerable plaque characteristics than nonobstructive lesions.

Objectives: The authors aimed to assess whether pressure-wire-based physiologic indices in nonculprit lesions are associated with vulnerable plaque characteristics.

Methods: In the PROSPECT II study, patients with recent myocardial infarction underwent coronary angiography and culprit lesion percutaneous coronary intervention plus combined near-infrared spectroscopy and intravascular ultrasound assessment of all 3 coronary arteries.