Reprogramming aerobic metabolism mitigates Streptococcus pyogenes tissue damage in a mouse necrotizing skin infection model.

Disease tolerance is a host response to infection that limits collateral damage to host tissues while having a neutral effect on pathogen fitness. Previously, we found that the pathogenic lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes manipulates disease tolerance using its aerobic mixed-acid fermentation pathway via the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, but the microbe-derived molecules that mediate communication with the host's disease tolerance pathways remain elusive. Here we show in a murine model that aerobic mixed-acid fermentation inhibits the accumulation of inflammatory cells including neutrophils and macrophages, reduces the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10, and delays bacterial clearance and wound healing.

Schisandra total lignans ameliorate neuronal ferroptosis in 3xTg-AD mice via regulating NADK/NADPH/GSH pathway.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatments. Schisandra total lignans (STL), the primary active component of Schisandra chinensis, shows potential in alleviating AD-related symptoms, though the mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose: Considering the promoting effect of neuronal ferroptosis on AD and the neuroprotective activity of STL, this study aimed to investigate the impact of STL on AD neuronal ferroptosis and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Overexpression of miR-99a promoted expansion and suppressed differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes. We have previously reported that the abnormally high expression of miR-99a is associated with drug resistance and poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. However, the impact of miR-99a on normal hematopoiesis is not well understood.

Jatrorrhizine retard obesity by modulating transcription factor c-Jun/c-Fos to downregulate Mmp12-mediated inflammation.

Obesity is a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease. Nutritional obesity, in particular, is also accompanied by inflammation and metabolic disorders, which are the primary causes of malignant metabolic diseases. Rhizoma Coptidis (Coptis Chinensis Franch) (RC), a traditional Chinese medicine, is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal properties.

Raman spectroscopy and bioinformatics-based identification of key genes and pathways capable of distinguishing between diffuse large B cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are subtypes of non-Hogkin lymphoma (NHL) that are generally distinct form one cases, but the transformation of one of these diseases into the other is possible. Some patients with CLL, for instance, have the potential to develop Richter transformation such that they are diagnosed with a rare, invasive DLBCL subtype. In this study, bioinformatics analyses of these two NHL subtypes were conducted, identifying key patterns of gene expression and then experimentally validating the results.

Assessing social support's mediating effects on rational antimicrobial prescribing: a structural equation modeling study of healthcare professionals' behavior.

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global health challenge, requiring effective strategies to promote rational antimicrobial prescribing among healthcare professionals. This study investigates how social support mediates prescribing behavior through psychosocial factors, providing insights into healthcare decision-making. A cross-sectional survey of 720 healthcare professionals was conducted, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate the mediating roles of self-efficacy, knowledge and skills, and health beliefs.

Emestrin-type epipolythiodioxopiperazines from Aspergillus nidulans with cytotoxic activities by regulating PI3K/AKT and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

Five novel emestrin-type epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs), prenylemestrins C-G (1-5), along with two known ETPs, prenylemestrin A (6) and prenylemestrin B (7), were obtained from Aspergillus nidulans. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallographic data, ECD comparisons and calculations. Prenylemestrins C-G (1 - 5) represent a rare class of ETPs, characterized by a 2,5-dithia-7,9-diazabicyclo[4.

Default Mode Network, Disorganization, and Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.

Background And Hypothesis: Disorganized thinking is a prominent feature of schizophrenia that becomes persistent in the presence of treatment resistance. Disruption of the default mode network (DMN), which regulates self-referential thinking, is now a well-established feature of schizophrenia. However, we do not know if DMN disruption affects disorganization and contributes to treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS).

Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy through the miR-100-3p/FBXW7/c-MYC molecular axis.

Aims/introduction: Ginsenoside Rg1 is an active ingredient found mainly in ginseng that has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and it inhibits vascular formation. In this study, we explored the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the basis of its ability to inhibit angiogenesis and the specific molecular mechanism involved.

Materials And Methods: We induced an in vivo model of diabetes by injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) into the abdominal cavity of SD rats daily for 3 days.

Affinity Purification Mass Spectrometry on the Orbitrap-Astral Mass Spectrometer Enables High-Throughput Protein-Protein Interaction Mapping.

Classical proteomics experiments offer high-throughput protein quantification but lack direct evidence of the spatial organization of the proteome, including protein-protein interaction (PPIs) networks. While affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) is the method of choice for generating these networks, technological impediments have stymied the throughput of AP-MS sample collection and therefore constrained the rate and scale of experiments that can be performed. Here, we build on advances in mass spectrometry hardware that have rendered high-flow liquid chromatography separations a viable solution for faster throughput quantitative proteomics.

p85β acts as a transcription cofactor and cooperates with BCLAF1 in the nucleus.

p85β is a regulatory subunit of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Emerging evidence suggests that p85β goes beyond its role in the PI3K and is functional in the nucleus. In this study, we discover that nuclear p85β is enriched at gene loci and regulates gene transcription and that this regulatory role contributes to the oncogenic potential of nuclear p85β.

Analysis of Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptome in Sweet Basil Under Drought Stress.

Basil, renowned for its aromatic properties, exhibits commendable drought tolerance and holds significant value as an edible and medicinal plant. Recognizing the scarcity of studies addressing basil's response to drought stress, we performed physiological experiments and omics analyses of sweet basil across four distinct levels of drought stress. During drought stress, basil showed increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and accumulated more osmoregulatory compounds.

The Role of HK2 in Tumorigenesis and Development: Potential for Targeted Therapy with Natural Products.

Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is widely distributed in various tissues, particularly showing significantly elevated expression levels in tumor tissues. As the initial rate-limiting enzyme in the glycolysis process, HK2 is believed to directly participate in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. This phenomenon, known as the "Warburg effect," provides the energy and substances necessary for the rapid proliferation, growth, and division of tumor cells.

Glucose Metabolic Reprogramming in Microglia: Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Targeted Therapy.

As intrinsic immune cells in the central nervous system, microglia play a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Microglia can transition from homeostasis to various responsive states in reaction to different external stimuli, undergoing corresponding alterations in glucose metabolism. In neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), microglial glucose metabolic reprogramming is widespread.

Cadmium spurred Microcystis aeruginosa to unleash more toxic metabolites.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs), normally dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa, pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems due to the release of various harmful metabolites. Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal commonly found in surface water and sediments, often coincides with cHABs in eutrophic lakes. However, the ecotoxicological effects of Cd on M.

Using MRI to Determine Drug Concentration in Convection-Enhanced Delivery: A Proof-of-Concept study.

Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) bypasses the blood-brain barrier and avoids systemic exposure to the drug. However, systemic pharmacokinetic characteristics of a drug cannot be applied when delivered via CED. This study aims to provide a first proof-of-concept framework for noninvasively evaluating pharmacokinetics in CED.

Simultaneous Structure, Thermal, and Mechanics Regulation for Boosting Performance of PVDF-Based Solid-State Electrolytes.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is promising for polymer solid-state electrolytes (PSEs) but faces challenges such as low ionic conductivity, uneven strain distribution, and poor lithium (Li) dendrite inhibition. Herein, an effective strategy is proposed to enhance PVDF-based PSEs by incorporating a fast ion conductor LiZr(PO) (LZP) with a negative thermal expansion property and a NASICON-type structure, and the effects are investigated using multifarious methods. The added LZP not only enhances the mobility of the PVDF chain and the concentration of free Li, but regulates heat release and volume expansion of PSEs during cycles, thereby protecting electrode morphology and structure, as well as improving the interface between the electrode and electrolyte.

Robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation in the treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Purpose: To investigate robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation for treating slipped capital femoral epiphysis, including acute, chronic, and acute-on-chronic slips. Our study included all stable and unstable slips.

Methods: Thirty-one children with unilateral SCFE were treated from October 2019 to October 2021.

BTS1-knockout with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity through lactic acid accumulation.

Bacterial infections pose significant threats to human health, and prudent antibiotic use remains a key strategy for disease treatment and control. However, a global escalation of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria presents a formidable challenge. Probiotics have emerged as a promising approach to combating pathogenic bacterial infections.

Crosstalk Between the Skin Environment and Microbial Community in Immune-Related Skin Diseases.

The skin surface hosts diverse skin microbiota, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Intricate interactions between the skin microenvironment and microbial community are crucial for maintaining cutaneous homeostasis. This review explores the bidirectional relationship between the skin ecosystem and its microbiota.

Mefloquine Suppresses Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Through Targeting SPC25.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the third most common malignant tumor in the urinary system, often presenting with distant metastases at diagnosis. Approximately one-quarter of patients undergoing nephrectomy experience distant recurrence. Despite the recent advancements in combination-targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, the development of new therapeutic strategies and the identification of biomarkers for metastatic risk remain crucial.

Cyanobacteria alter lipid metabolism in zooplankton via exudates of obesogens.

Lipid metabolism of zooplankton plays an important role in aquatic food web, however, is threatened by abiotic and biotic factors. Recently blooming cyanobacteria providing low-quality food for zooplankton, have been found to be a potential source of lipid metabolism disorder and reproductive disturbance in aquatic animals, though mechanisms of operation are unclear. Here we assessed effects of cyanobacterial exudates on lipid metabolism and reproduction in Daphnia magna.

Exploring Construction of Biomedical Ti6Al4V-Ti5Cu Composite Alloy with Interpenetrating Structure: Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance.

Cu-bearing titanium alloys exhibit promising antibacterial properties for clinical use. A novel Ti6Al4V-Ti5Cu composite alloy is developed using powder bed fusion (selective laser sintering, SLM) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). SLM produces a triple periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structure from Ti6Al4V, which is then filled with Ti-5Cu powders and sintered using SPS.

A Study of Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infections and Direct Economic Losses in Clean Orthopedic Surgery.

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a serious complication after clean orthopedic surgery. We retrospectively gathered data on 18,140 patients who underwent clean incision orthopedic operations at two institutions between January 2023 and April 2024. The study included 87 patients with SSIs in the case group and 80 matched controls without SSIs.