SIRT2 regulates high mobility group protein B1 nucleoplasmic shuttle and degradation via deacetylation in microglia.

High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) acts as a pathogenic inflammatory response to mediate ranges of conditions such as epilepsy, septic shock, ischemia, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and mass spectrometry. HMGB1 promotes inflammation during sterile and infectious damage and plays a crucial role in disease development. Mobilization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is the first important step in the release of HMGB1 from activated immune cells.

The role of receptors in the cross-species spread of coronaviruses infecting humans and pigs.

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has proven capable of infecting over 30 animal species, highlights the critical need for understanding the mechanisms of cross-species transmission and the emergence of novel coronavirus strains. The recent discovery of CCoV-HuPn-2018, a recombinant alphacoronavirus from canines and felines that can infect humans, along with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pig cells, underscores the potential for coronaviruses to overcome species barriers. This review investigates the origins and cross-species transmission of both human and porcine coronaviruses, with a specific emphasis on the instrumental role receptors play in this process.

Exploring the modulatory impact of isosakuranetin on : Inhibition of sortase A activity and α-haemolysin expression.

The ubiquity of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the mounting prevalence of antibiotic resistance necessitate the identification of novel therapeutic approaches to reduce the selective pressure of antibiotics. Targeting bacterial virulence factors, such as the pivotal Sortase A (SrtA) in S. aureus for adhesion and invasion, and the salient toxin α-Hemolysin (Hla), offers a sophisticated approach to attenuate pathogenicity without bacterial elimination.

Isovitexin Protects Mice from Methicillin-Resistant -Induced Pneumonia by Targeting Sortase A.

The rise of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality, and clinical treatment of MRSA infections has become extremely difficult. Sortase A (SrtA), a virulence determinant that anchors numerous virulence-related proteins to the cell wall, is a prime druggable target against infection due to its crucial role in the pathogenicity of . Here, we demonstrate that isovitexin, an active ingredient derived from a variety of traditional Chinese medicines, can reversibly inhibit SrtA activity in vitro with a low dose (IC=24.

Identification of host cell proteins that interact with the M protein of Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1.

Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) belongs to the avian paramyxovirus type 1 group of viruses, which can cause tremors, torticollis, and respiratory signs in domestic and wild pigeons. The M protein of PPMV-1 is a multifunctional structural protein. It not only helps in the assembly, budding, and positioning of the virus but also inhibits the host's immune response and promotes replication of the virus in the host.

Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Obtained from Fresh Sarcotesta of : Bioactive Polysaccharide that Can Be Exploited as a Novel Biocontrol Agent.

() biofilm plays an important role in the persistence of chronic infection due to its resistance to antibiotics. Because of their functional diversity, active polysaccharide is increasingly being applied as a biocontrol agent to inhibit the formation of biofilm by pathogens. In this study, a new polysaccharide, GBSPII-1, isolated from the fresh sarcotesta of .

Corrigendum to: Emergence and evolution of highly pathogenic porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by natural recombination of a low pathogenic vaccine isolate and a highly pathogenic strain in the spike gene.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa049.].

Emergence and evolution of highly pathogenic porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by natural recombination of a low pathogenic vaccine isolate and a highly pathogenic strain in the gene.

Outbreaks of a new variant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) at the end of 2010 have raised interest in the mutation and recombination of PEDV. A PEDV strain (CN/Liaoning25/2018) isolated from a clinical outbreak of piglet diarrhea contained a 49-bp deletion in the gene. This deletion is considered a genetic characteristic of low pathogenic attenuated vaccine strains.

Development and evaluation of a time-saving RT-qRPA method for the detection of genotype 4 HEV presence in raw pork liver.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen spreading worldwide. Pig was known as its first and main animal reservoir. In China, pork consumption is very large and the risk of potential HEV contamination should not be underestimated.

Cinnamaldehyde inhibits type three secretion system in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by affecting the expression of key effector proteins.

The increasing understanding of bacterial pathogenesis has revealed many new targets for the development of non-traditional antibacterial drugs. Interference with bacterial virulence has become a new strategy to treat bacteria-mediated diseases. As an important food-borne pathogen, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium uses type III secretion system (T3SS) to facilitate invasion of host cells.

The evolution and molecular characteristics of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Jiangxi of China.

To understand the evolution and molecular characteristics of Jiangxi H9N2 viruses, we isolated 17 viruses in 2011 and analyzed their characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that their hemagglutinin genes originate from JS/1/00-like sublineage, neuraminidase genes originate from BJ/94-like sublineage, PB1, PA, NP, and NS genes all come from SH/F/98-like sublineage, PB2 genes originate from ST/163/04-like sublineage, while M genes come from G1-like sublineage. Genotype analysis showed that our isolates were classified as genotype 57.

Extraction, preliminary characterization and antioxidant properties of polysaccharides from the testa of Salicornia herbacea.

Response surface methodology and central composite design based on single-factor experiments were used to optimize the extraction parameters (i.e., extraction time, extraction temperature, and solid-liquid ratio) of polysaccharides from the testa of Salicornia herbacea (STP).

regulates differentiation of Th17/Treg cells to reduce intestinal inflammation in mice.

In order to study the ability of to ameliorate murine enteritis, 18 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the enteritis group, intervention group, and control group. The interleukin (IL)-6 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF)-β content in mouse peripheral blood and duodenum was detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number of CD4CD25Foxp3 T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and CD4IL-17A Th17 cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleen were detected using flow cytometry, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis were used to measure Foxp3 and retinoid-related orphan receptor-γ (RORγt) mRNA and protein expression in the MLN.

Preparation and evaluation of MS2 bacteriophage-like particles packaging hepatitis E virus RNA.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the pathogen causing hepatitis E (HE). It arouses global public health concern since it is a zoonotic disease. The objective of this letter is to report a cost-effective internal control prepared for monitoring procedures of HEV reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR detection.

A recombinant polypeptide from velvet antler of Cervus nippon Temminck exhibits similar immunomodulatory effects as its natural counterpart.

Context: Velvet antler (VA) is recognized as one of the most important Chinese traditional medical herbs. To date, the immunoactivity of the single component of VA is rarely studied though its compound extracts have been well analyzed.

Objective: The current study was designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of a recombinant polypeptide (rVAP32) based on the VA of the sika deer by comparison with its natural counterpart (nVAP32).

[Preparation and Characterization of Recombinant HEV RNA-loaded MS2 Bacteriophage Capsid by Armored RNA Technology].

The purpose of this study was to develop an effective control to be applied in hepatitis E virus(HEV)nucleic acid detection.Construction of an MS2/HEV gene was performed based on an "Armored RNA technology" protocol. The gene included a partial MS2 phage genome including the 5’UTR,the maturation protein, capsid protein and initiation site of the replicase and a partially conserved sequence derived from the HEV ORF2.

[Effects of temperature and pH on the growth of H1N1 subtype of influenza A virus by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy].

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy technology (SERS), using gold nanoparticles as a base, was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of virus strains. SERS can be used as a rapid and reliable method to distinguish the titers of viral replication. In the present study, we characterized H1N1 subtypes of influenza A virus strains in different conditions of pH or temperatures, while we analyzed data from SERS technology using gold nanoparticles as a base and cell cultures were employed to further confirm the data from virus strains.

Development and evaluation of a RT-LAMP assay for rapid detection of hepatitis E virus from shellfish.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has becoming a well known zoonotic enteric pathogen and circulated widely inter human-animal-water-food. Generally, detection of the virus has relied on conventional reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and TaqMan/SYBR quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR), but these tools are usually disadvantages in time-consuming and expensive instruments required. In the present study, we report here on the development of a one-step single-tube reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid detection of HEV contamination in shellfish.

Immunomodulatory effects of epicatechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-ent-epicatechin isolated from Rhododendron spiciferum in vitro.

Context: Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) can act as either immunosuppresants or immunostimulants, properties that have lead to their increasing use as immunomodulators in the treatment of disease. Recently, our lab successfully identified a dimer epicatechin-(2β→O → 7, 4β→8)-ent-epicatechin (EEE) from the chloroform extract of Rhododendron spiciferum.

Objective: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of EEE in vitro.

Surveillance of hepatitis E virus contamination in shellfish in China.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been confirmed to be a zoonotic virus of worldwide distribution. HEV contamination in the water environment has not been well examined in China. The objective of this study was to evaluate HEV contamination in shellfish in a coastal area of China.

Oral immunization with recombinant hepatitis E virus antigen displayed on the Lactococcus lactis surface enhances ORF2-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) as a recognized zoonotic pathogen has posed global burden on public health, which is exacerbated by lack of efficient vaccine. In this study, we constructed a recombinant (inaQ-ORF2 gene fusion) Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis) strain NZ3900 that expresses and displays the hepatitis E virus antigen ORF2 utilizing an ice uncleation protein-based anchor system.

Complete Genome Sequence of European Genotype Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strain LNEU12 in Northern China.

We report the complete genome sequence of a European genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolated from swine in northern China in 2012. Genome alignment revealed that the virus (LNEU12) strain shares 90.1% nucleotide identity with the European prototype Lelystad virus.

Baicalin inhibits colistin sulfate-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells.

Baicalin, a type of flavonoid extracted from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis georgi, has been shown to effectively inhibit cell apoptosis. Therefore, we assumed that baicalin would suppress co-listin sulfate-induced neuronal apoptosis. PC12 cells exposed to colistin sulfate (62.

Colistin-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells: involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic and death receptor pathways.

Colistin, a cyclic cationic polypeptide antibiotic that is used to treat infections, may cause neurotoxicity. However, whether colistin can induce apoptosis and the precise mechanism of apoptosis involved in PC12 cells remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and DNA damage, as well as apoptotic factors such as p53, cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, Fas-L and caspase family via western blotting in PC12 cells treated with colistin sulfate.

The in vitro immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Kadsura marmorata.

Kadsura marmorata has been used in traditional Chinese medicine as one of the major ingredients for the treatment of bronchial asthma, eczema, and acute and chronic infection due to either viruses or bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory activities of the Kadsura polysaccharide (KPS) that was isolated and purified from the fruit of K. marmorata, designated as KPSIII and has a molecular weight of 130,406.