Associations of parity and cognitive decline, depression, and chronic comorbidity in West China: Results from WCHAT study.

Objective: To investigate the associations between parity (the number of offspring a female has borne) and cognitive function, depression, and chronic comorbidity in Western China.

Methods: A total of 846 women aged 50-55 years were included in the current analysis. Cognitive status was measured using a 10-item short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ).

Transient temperature measurement of silicon carbide Schottky barrier diode based on thermal reflection.

In this article, we present a transient temperature detection device for silicon carbide (SiC) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) based on thermal reflection theory. We constructed a thermal reflection temperature measurement device based on a 530-nm green laser. This device is more suitable for transient temperature measurement of SiC SBDs than previous thermal reflection equipment.

The associations of daytime napping and motoric cognitive risk syndrome: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), characterized by subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait in older populations, is associated with sleep duration. However, the association between MCR and daytime nap duration has not been thoroughly explored.

Methods: Baseline data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used in this study.

STAT3 palmitoylation initiates a positive feedback loop that promotes the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in mice.

Constitutive activation of the transcription factor STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) contributes to the malignancy of many cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor prognosis. STAT3 activity is increased by the reversible palmitoylation of Cys by the palmitoyltransferase DHHC7 (encoded by ). Here, we investigated the consequences of S-palmitoylation of STAT3 in HCC.

SIRT3 Activator Honokiol Inhibits Th17 Cell Differentiation and Alleviates Colitis.

Background: Honokiol (HKL), a natural extract of the bark of the magnolia tree and an activator of the mitochondrial protein sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), has been proposed to possess anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of HKL on T helper (Th) 17 cell differentiation in colitis.

Methods: Serum and biopsies from 20 participants with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 18 healthy volunteers were collected for the test of serum cytokines, flow cytometry analysis (FACS), and relative messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of T cell subsets, as well as the expression of SIRT3 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription/retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor γt (p-STAT3/RORγt) signal pathway in colon tissues.

Association of Handgrip Strength Weakness and Asymmetry With Incidence of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background And Objectives: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is a type of pre-dementia. It is defined as the co-occurrence of subjective cognitive complaints and a slow gait speed. A recent study found that handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders.

Association between daytime nap duration and risks of frailty: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Night sleep duration and total sleep duration are associated with frailty. However, the association between daytime nap duration and the risks of frailty has not been explored thoroughly.

Methods: This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Potential association between frailty and pTau in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a decline in physiological reserves, and multiple factors contribute to the occurrence and development of frailty. Growing evidence supports a strong link and overlap between frailty and cognitive impairment, but the mechanisms involved have not yet been fully elucidated.

Aim: To identify associations between 12 plasma cognition-related biomarkers and frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Plasma metabolomics and lipidomics signatures of motoric cognitive risk syndrome in community-dwelling older adults.

Introduction: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is characterized by subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and slow gait (SG). Metabolomics and lipidomics may potentiate disclosure of the underlying mechanisms of MCR.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from the West China Health and Aging Trend cohort study (WCHAT).

Identification and Validation of Co-Expressed Immune-Related Gene Signature Affecting the Pattern of Immune Infiltrating in Esophageal Cancer.

Objective: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and its molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the immune infiltration pattern of esophageal cancer through a gene co-expression network, and to provide biomarkers for immunotherapy of esophageal cancer.

Methods: We downloaded RNA-seq data of ESCC samples from GSE53625 and GSE66258 datasets, then assessed the immune score and tumor purity through the ESTIMATE algorithm.

Centenarians Alleviate Inflammaging by Changing the Ratio and Secretory Phenotypes of T Helper 17 and Regulatory T Cells.

The immune system of centenarians remains active and young to prevent cancer and infections. Aging is associated with inflammaging, a persistent low-grade inflammatory state in which CD4 T cells play a role. However, there are few studies that have been done on the CD4 T cell subsets in centenarians.

Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging.

It has been noticed in recent years that the unfavorable effects of the gut microbiota could exhaust host vigor and life, yet knowledge and theory are just beginning to be established. Increasing documentation suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis not only impacts brain cognition and psychiatric symptoms but also precipitates neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). How the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a machinery protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from the systemic circulation, allows the risky factors derived from the gut to be translocated into the brain seems paradoxical.

Erratum: Long-Term Metabolic Correction of Phenylketonuria by AAV-Delivered Phenylalanine Amino Lyase.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.

The prevalence and associated factors of motoric cognitive risk syndrome in multiple ethnic middle-aged to older adults in west China: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Purpose: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome characterized by subjective cognitive complaints and slow gait has been proposed and validated as a pre-dementia syndrome. The overall and specific ethnic prevalence of MCR and the associated factors are poorly understood in middle-aged to older community-dwelling residents in west China.

Methods: The present study included 6091 samples from the prospective cohort study, West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT).

H2O2 down-regulates SIRT7's protective role of endothelial premature dysfunction via microRNA-335-5p.

Endothelial senescence is believed to constitute the initial pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). MicroRNA-335-5p (miR-335-5p) expression is significantly up-regulated in oxidative stress-induced endothelial cells (ECs). Sirtuin7 (SIRT7) is considered to prevent EC senescence, yet data on its response to ASCVD risk factors are limited.

Application of Machine Vision in Classifying Gait Frailty Among Older Adults.

Frail older adults have an increased risk of adverse health outcomes and premature death. They also exhibit altered gait characteristics in comparison with healthy individuals. In this study, we created a Fried's frailty phenotype (FFP) labelled casual walking video set of older adults based on the West China Health and Aging Trend study.

Berberine inhibits dendritic cells differentiation in DSS-induced colitis by promoting Bacteroides fragilis.

Backgrounds: Berberine (BBR), a compound long used in traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to have therapeutic effects in treating ulcerative colitis (UC), attributed to its anti-inflammatory properties and restorative potential of tight junctions (TJs). However, the mechanism by which BBR affects intestinal bacteria and immunity is still unclear.

Methods: This study investigated the effects of BBR on intestinal bacteria and the inflammatory response in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice.

Long sleep duration is associated with cognitive frailty among older community-dwelling adults: results from West China Health and Aging Trend study.

Objective: To investigate the association between sleep duration and cognitive frailty among older adults dwelling in western China.

Methods: We used the baseline data from West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Sleep duration was classified as short sleep duration (< 6 h), normal sleep duration (6-8 h) and long sleep duration (≥ 9 h).

Vitamin D status and obesity markers in older adults: results from West China Health and Aging Trends study.

Backgrounds: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in older adults seems to be common, but the prevalence estimates are lacking in West China. Previous studies suggested that low vitamin D status was associated with obesity. However, most of them evaluated obesity based on body mass index (BMI) and there are no studies at present exploring the association between vitamin D status and different obesity markers.

Nutritional status mediates the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: findings from the WCHAT study.

Background: Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Aim: To explore the mediating role of nutritional status in the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment.

The Comparison of Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria using AWGS 2019 with the Other Five Criteria in West China.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia defined by different criteria in community-dwelling adults of west China using the baseline data of West-China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study.

Methods: Adults aged 50 years or older in communities of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xinjiang provinces were enrolled in this study. We applied 6 -diagnostic criteria (AWGS 2019, AWGS 2014, EWGSOP1, -EWGSOP2, IWGS, and FNIH) to define sarcopenia.

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Swirling Binary Mixture Gas-Particle Flows Using a Second-Order-Moment Turbulence Model.

The polydisperse behaviors of a binary ultralight-heavy mixture particle flow in a swirling axisymmetric chamber were investigated based on a developed second-order-moment gas-particle turbulent model. A binary particle Reynolds stress transport equation to depict the anisotropic interactions between gas-mixture particles and binary ultralight-heavy particles was established to close the governing equations. Hydrodynamic parameters, including particle number density, particle and gas velocities, and fluctuation velocities, Reynolds stress tensors, and their invariants, turbulent kinetic energy, and vortex structure, are numerically simulated.