Acid and phosphatase-triggered release and trapping of a prodrug on cancer cell enhance its chemotherapy.

Using anticancer drug-encapsulated nanocarriers to actively target tumors is a promising chemotherapy strategy. Nevertheless, premature release of the drugs in tumor microenvironment (TME) or low tumor targeting efficiency of the nanocarriers significantly reduces its therapeutic efficiency. Herein, we propose a release-and-trapping strategy that significantly enhances the chemotherapeutic efficiency of an anticancer drug camptothecin.

Wearable Technology in Piano Training: Improving Posture and Motion Precision with Biofeedback Devices Like Upright Go.

This study examines the impact of wearable technologies on posture and movement accuracy in pianists during the learning process. The primary objective was to determine how the use of the Upright Go biofeedback device influences physical parameters and the effectiveness of exercise performance. To achieve this goal, a comparative study was conducted, in which participants were divided into two groups.

The Metabolic and Physiological Responses to Spaceflight of a Lipopeptide-Producing Bacillus subtilis.

Outer space is an extreme environment and the survival of many microorganisms after spaceflight is well established. However, adaptations of Bacillus subtilis to space stress, particularly metabolism, are largely unknown. Here, we first performed a spaceflight mission of the B.

The Gut Microbiota of the Greater Horseshoe Bat Confers Rapidly Corresponding Immune Cells in Mice.

Background: Emerging infectious diseases threaten human and animal health, with most pathogens originating from wildlife. Bats are natural hosts for many infectious agents. Previous studies have demonstrated that changes in some specific genes in bats may contribute to resistance to viral infections, but they have mostly overlooked the immune function of the bat gut microbiota.

Two different fabrication method of high-hydrophobic Bi-layer indicators based on sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-zein incorporated with alizarin@ZIF-8 for beef freshness visualization.

Intelligent films are essential for real-time monitoring of food spoilage. However, the application is often limited by challenges such as hydrophilicity and color instability. In this study, two high hydrophobic bilayer indicators based on sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan-zein with alizarin grafted onto ZIF-8 carrier (AL@ZIF-8) were fabricated using the casting method and electrospinning, respectively.

Cardiac MRI optimizes risk stratification accuracy in connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters to augment prognostic evaluation in patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH).

Methods: A retrospective, single-center cohort study was conducted on 110 patients with CTD-PAH who were diagnosed via right heart catheterization between 2017 and 2023. These patients underwent CMR examinations based on clinical indications.

Genomic selection in pig breeding: comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms.

Background: The effectiveness of genomic prediction (GP) significantly influences breeding progress, and employing SNP markers to predict phenotypic values is a pivotal aspect of pig breeding. Machine learning (ML) methods are usually used to predict phenotypic values since their advantages in processing high dimensional data. While, the existing researches have not indicated which ML methods are suitable for most pig genomic prediction.

Targeted photodynamic elimination of HER2 breast cancer cells mediated by antibody-photosensitizer fusion proteins.

Breast cancer has emerged as the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The high recurrence and metastasis rates of malignant tumors impose significant limitations on existing mainstream treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically validated approach for cancer treatment.

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on antimicrobials induced nephrotoxicity: a meta-analysis.

Objective: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has antioxidant effects in reducing acute kidney injury. This study systematically reviewed and assessed the efficacy of NAC in preventing antimicrobials induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched extensively for relevant studies that evaluating NAC on antimicrobials induced nephrotoxicity until June 1, 2024.

Blue light-induced diazo cross-coupling: synthesis of allyldiazo compounds through reshuffling of functionalities.

In this paper, we describe a new type of cross-coupling between simple diazo and vinyldiazo compounds that gives access to unusual allyldiazo products. Blue light discriminates two diazo compounds towards free carbene formation, triggering sequential cyclopropenation, (3+2) cycloaddition and ring opening rearrangement processes. This strategy involves an overall reshuffle of diazo functionality and olefinic carbons of vinyldiazo compounds with an extrusion of nitrogen.

Enhanced Blood Vessel Visualization and Accelerated Image Acquisition Using Spiral MRA in Moyamoya Disease: A Comparative Study with Cartesian MRA.

Objectives: To compare the blood vessel visualization with spiral MRA (MRAspiral) and compressed SENSE accelerated Cartesian MRA (MRACS) in moyamoya disease (MMD) patients, with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the reference standard.

Methods: We prospectively collected MRAspiral with different acquisition windows (τ = 4, 6, 10 ms), MRACS and DSA in MMD patients. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was measured in the M1, M2, M3, and M4 segments of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) for each MRA sequence.

Nanometre-resolution three-dimensional tomographic and vectorial near-field imaging in dielectric optical resonators.

All-dielectric optical nano-resonators have emerged as low-loss, versatile and highly adaptable components in nanophotonic structures for manipulating electromagnetic waves and enhancing light-matter interactions. However, achieving full three-dimensional characterization of near fields within dielectric nano-resonators poses great experimental challenges. Here we develop a technique to image near-field wave patterns inside dielectric optical nano-resonators using high-order sideband generation.

Ultrasensitive and Visual Detection of Pseudorabies Virus based on CRISPR-Cas12b system.

Aujeszky's disease (AD) is an acute infectious disease that infects pigs and other animals, resulting in significant economic losses and posing a threat to human health. Reliable and rapid detection methods are essential for the prevention of AD. In this study, a RAA-Cas12b assay based on recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and CRISPR-Cas12b system was established, optimized and evaluated for the rapid detection of wild-type Pseudorabies Virus (PRV).

Ciliated cell domains with locally coordinated ciliary motion generate a mosaic of microflows in the brain's lateral ventricles.

Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the brain's ventricles is essential for maintaining brain homeostasis and supporting neurogenesis. CSF flow is supported by the structural polarization of multiciliated cells, which align with the flow direction. However, it remains unclear how the organization of tissue-wide polarity across the ciliary epithelium comprised of thousands of cells, determines the trajectory of the flow and efficient distribution of the CSF.

Profiling of RNA N6-Methyladenosine methylation reveals the critical role of m6A in betaine alleviating hepatic steatosis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major predisposing factor of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Abnormal RNA m6A modification leads to the disturbance of lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, all of which are critical for the onset and progression of MASLD. It has been shown that betaine supplementation has an ameliorative effect on symptoms associated with MASLD.

Single-Grain High-Efficiency Full-Visible-Spectrum White Emitters.

Full-visible-spectrum emission phosphors are promising candidates for next-generation white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), overcoming the complex and high costs of traditional mixed phosphors. However, their practical application is hindered by low luminescence efficiency. In this regard, a generalization strategy is developed that involves creating heterostructure interfaces to prevent detrimental energy transfer processes, thereby boosting efficiency.

Energy ratio controlled gate-tuning four-wave mixing in monolayer graphene.

Monolayer graphene, with a gapless conical electronic band structure, demonstrates scale invariance, showing universal linear optical responses. The impacts of this feature on nonlinear optical responses remain unclear. Our work reveals that the gate-tunable difference-frequency four-wave mixing (DFM) responses in monolayer graphene are significantly influenced by the energy ratios between excitation photons.

Lewis-Acid-Catalyzed Diastereoselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Vinyldiazo Compounds with -Acyliminium Cations.

An FeCl-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of vinyldiazo compounds with -acyliminium cations generated from 3-hydroxyisoindolinones is described. A series of diazo-containing isoindolo[2,1-]quinolinones were constructed in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities, including those with three contiguous stereogenic centers. The resultant products were readily converted into various isoindolo[2,1-]quinolinone derivatives based on the rich chemistry of the remaining diazo functionality.

Automated segmentation by SCA-UNet can be directly used for radiomics diagnosis of thymic epithelial tumors.

Background: Automatic segmentation of thymic lesions in preoperative computed tomography (CT) images is crucial for accurate diagnosis but remains time-consuming. Although UNet is widely used in medical imaging, its performance is limited by the inherent drawbacks of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), such as restricted receptive fields and limited global context modeling, which affect segmentation efficiency.

Method: 712 patients with mediastinal lesions admitted to Shanghai General Hospital between October 2014 and January 2023 were included in the study.

The African swine fever virus MGF360-16R protein functions as a mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis inducer by competing with BAX to bind to the HSP60 protein.

Unlabelled: Induction of cell apoptosis is a critical pathogenic feature of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), a devastating threat to the world pig industry, but the underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. Here, we report the genome-wide screening and identification of 27 ASFV-encoded apoptosis inducers. Of them, the viral protein MGF360-16R was found to be a mitochondria-targeting protein and exhibits strong activity to induce mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis.

Elucidating shared genetic association between female body mass index and preeclampsia.

The prevalence of obesity is steadily rising and poses a significant challenge to women's health. Preeclampsia (PE), a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality, is significantly linked to a high body mass index (BMI). However, the shared genetic architecture underlying these conditions remains poorly understood.

Investigation of Fracture Characteristics and Energy Evolution Laws of Model Tunnels with Different Shapes Subjected to Impact Load.

To investigate dynamic fracture characteristics and failure behavior of different sections of tunnel surrounding rock mass, six kinds of model tunnels were fabricated using green sandstone, and impact tests were performed using a split Hopkinson pressure bar system. The dynamic compressive strength and energy change behaviors of samples comprising different-shaped tunnels were assessed, and crack propagation paths were analyzed employing a digital image correlation method. Numerical calculations were carried out using the software LS-DYNA (v.

Transcriptome Analysis and Resistance Identification of and Co-Transformation Rice.

Insect pests and weeds are the two major biotic factors affecting crop yield in the modern agricultural system. In this study, a brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene () and glufosinate tolerance gene () were stacked into a single T-DNA cassette and transformed into an indica rice ( L.) line H23.

Biological Control Potential of the Reduviid Predator (Fabricius) in Managing Noctuid Pests: Insights Into Predation and Prey Preference.

Understanding predator-prey and predator-predator interactions is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of biocontrol agents and developing efficient pest management strategies. This study investigates the effects of prey species, predator life stage, and predator density on the predatory efficiency of the generalist predator (Fabricius) under semi-field conditions. Both the nymphs and adults of consumed significantly more second-instar larvae of than larvae of or .

Untargeted Tear Proteomics in a Large South-Asian Cohort Reveals Inflammatory Signaling, ECM Remodeling, and Altered Metabolism in Keratoconus.

Purpose: Keratoconus (KC), a progressive corneal degenerative disease, is characterized by focal thinning and weakening, and the molecular pathways driving such changes are still being discovered. The progression-related pathologic molecular factors have not been identified in genetic studies from KC, and stage-specific molecular changes remain unknown in prior protein studies. We address this challenge through untargeted mass spectrometry analysis in a large KC cohort.