Neuroprotective effect of the traditional decoction Tian-Si-Yin against Alzheimer's disease via suppression of neuroinflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease among old adults. As a traditional Chinese medicine, the herbal decoction Tian-Si-Yin consists of Morinda officinalis How. and Cuscuta chinensis Lam.

Tau pathology epigenetically remodels the neuron-glial cross-talk in Alzheimer's disease.

The neuron-glia cross-talk is critical to brain homeostasis and is particularly affected by neurodegenerative diseases. How neurons manipulate the neuron-astrocyte interaction under pathological conditions, such as hyperphosphorylated tau, a pathological hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains elusive. In this study, we identified excessively elevated neuronal expression of adenosine receptor 1 (Adora1 or A1R) in 3×Tg mice, MAPT P301L (rTg4510) mice, patients with AD, and patient-derived neurons.

Elevated Levels of miR-144-3p Induce Cholinergic Degeneration by Impairing the Maturation of NGF in Alzheimer's Disease.

Cholinergic degeneration is one of the key pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a condition that is characterized by synaptic disorders and memory impairments. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is secreted in brain regions that receive projections from the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. The trophic effects of NGF rely on the appropriate maturation of NGF from its precursor, proNGF.

[Single nucleotide polymorphism of rs28416520 in gene promoter region is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer].

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of gene and gastric cancer.

Methods: The expression of mRNA in the tumor tissues of 3 patients with gastric cancer was detected by RT-qPCR, and RNA-Sequencing data from the Cancer RNA-Seq Nexus were analyzed for mRNA expression in gastric patients. Blood samples were collected from 24 gastric cancer patients and 29 healthy control subjects for PCR amplification of gene promoter region.

20-Hydroxyecdysone-responsive microRNAs of insects.

20-Hydroxyecdysone (20-HE) plays essential roles in coordinating developmental transitions of insects through responsive protein-coding genes and microRNAs (miRNAs). The involvement of single miRNAs in the ecdysone-signalling pathways has been extensively explored, but the interplay between ecdysone and the majority of miRNAs still remains largely unknown. Here, by small RNA sequencing, we systematically investigated the genome-wide responses of miRNAs to 20-HE in the embryogenic cell lines of and .

Oxytocin Alleviates MPTP-Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice by Targeting MicroRNA-26a/Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 Pathway.

Neurotoxicity is one of the major pathological changes in multiple neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), the second popular neurodegenerative disease in aged people. It is known that the AD and PD share the similar neuropathological hallmarks, such as the oxidative stress, loss of specific neurons, and aggregation of specific proteins. However, there are no effective therapeutic drugs for both AD and PD yet.

The Role of miR-326 in Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Targeting C/EBPα in vitro.

The CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) plays an important role in adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the regulation of self-renewal, proliferation, and multi-directional differentiation of ASCs. In the present study, we analyzed the targeting miRNAs on C/EBPα and found that miR-326 played an essential role in it.

Activation of MT2 receptor ameliorates dendritic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease via C/EBPα/miR-125b pathway.

Impairments of dendritic trees and spines have been found in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which the deficits of melatonin signal pathway were reported. Melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) is widely expressed in the hippocampus and mediates the biological functions of melatonin. It is known that melatonin application is protective to dendritic abnormalities in AD.

[Research progress of miRNA regulation in differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells].

Objective: To review the research progress of miRNA regulation in the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs).

Methods: The recent literature associated with miRNAs and differentiation of ADSCs was reviewed. The regulatory mechanism was analyzed in detail and summarized.

[Cloning and expression profile of Bmlin-41 and its regulation by the silkworm microRNA let-7].

The heterochronic genes regulate cell proliferation and switch development stage transitions. Heterochronic genes might also play important roles in regulating the development of silkworm, but very few of their expression profiles, functions and their relationship with microRNAs are available so far. Firstly, in this work, the primers for cloning Bmlin-41 were designed based on the homologous sequence of known Drosophila melanogaster lin-41, which was used as the query to blast against SilkDB.

[Cloning and expression profile of Bmyan in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) and experimental validation as one target of microRNA 7].

microRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of -22-nucleotide (nt) endogenous noncoding RNAs regulating life activities ofmetazoans through binding to 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of their target genes. This work aimed to identify yan gene in the silkworm, reveal its expression profile and confirm if it is one target of bmo-miR-7 and, as such, have potential for contributing to better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the metamorphosis of silkworm. Based on homolog searching and PCR amplification, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of Bmyan, which encodes 476 amino acid residues and contains SAM-PNT and ETs domains.

Argonaute and Argonaute-Bound Small RNAs in Stem Cells.

Small RNAs are essential for a variety of cellular functions. Argonaute (AGO) proteins are associated with all of the different classes of small RNAs, and are indispensable in small RNA-mediated regulatory pathways. AGO proteins have been identified in various types of stem cells in diverse species from plants and animals.