Halcinonide activates smoothened to ameliorate ischemic stroke injury.

Objectives: The Shh pathway may shed new light on developing new cell death inhibitors for the therapy of ischemic stroke. We aimed to examine whether the Shh co-reporter SMO or its agonist halcinonide can upregulate Bcl-2 to suppress neuronal cell death, ultimately improving behavioral deficits and reducing cerebral infarction in an ischemic stroke model.

Methods: Halcinonide or genetic manipulation of SMO was conducted in PC12 cells to examine their impacts on oxidative or OGD/R stress, and the chemical, along with AAV-SMO or AAV-EGFP were tested in MCAO rats to investigate their potential protective effects against neuronal damages due to cerebral I/R injury.

Role of urinary trace elements in diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: The balance of trace elements plays an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients. However, studies on the differences in urinary trace elements across different DKD stages are scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between nine essential trace elements and DKD.

The clinical value of Delphian and pre-tracheal lymph nodes in predicting lateral lymph nodes metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Occult lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is common. However, whether undergoing prophylactic lateral lymph node dissections is still controversial. This cross-sectional study with large cohort of patients aims to investigate the clinical value of Delphian and pre-tracheal lymph node in predicting lateral lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The effect of maternal dietary polyphenol consumption on offspring metabolism.

The early intrauterine environment of mothers during pregnancy significantly affects the metabolic health of their offspring. Existing studies suggest that poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy increases the risk of obesity or diabetes in offspring, so it is highly important to intervene during pregnancy to prevent metabolic disorders in mothers and their offspring. Polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are found in many foods and have protective effects on obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.

Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iodine-125 seed migration due to hepatogastric fistula: a case report and literature review.

Background: Hepatogastric fistula (HGF) is an uncommon occurrence that can be associated with various medical conditions. The primary causes typically involve peptic ulcer disease, infections (such as pyogenic, amoebic or tuberculosis), or iatrogenic factors (like post transarterial chemoembolization or radiotherapy). Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage following HGF is extremely rare, with iodine-125 (I) seed migration to the stomach through HGF not previously documented.

Risk factors for anxiety, depression, stress, and their comorbidities among nurses: a prospective cohort from 2020 to 2022.

Background: Nurses are at the forefront of healthcare delivery during the COVID-19, placing them at an increased risk for mental health issues. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for anxiety, depression, stress, and their comorbidities among nurses during the 2020-2022 period.

Methods: A prospective cohort of nurses in Zunyi City, China, was followed from 2020 to 2022.

A rare case report of severe aplastic anaemia caused by long-term use of zidovudine.

Background: Zidovudine is an antiviral drug used to treat acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Anaemia is a common adverse effect of zidovudine that usually occurs in the first 2 to 4 weeks of initial treatment. Here, we describe a patient with HIV infection who developed severe aplastic anaemia 11 years after taking zidovudine.

Upregulation of Peripheral Blood NLRP3 and IL-18 in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis and Its Clinical Significance.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common complication that can lead to renal failure in patients, significantly affecting the prognosis and survival of patients.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SA patients for the occurrence of SA-AKI.

Material And Methods: We screened AKI-related data sets using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with AKI.

[Analysis of the main update content of the 7th edition of the American College of Surgeons on "Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient (2022 Standards)"].

In December 2023, the Trauma Professional Committee of the American Society of Surgeons officially released the seventh edition of "Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient (2022 Stan-dards)". Compared to the sixth edition of the standards, the main updated content of the seventh edition includes ten aspects: (1) trauma centers need to meet new personnel configuration and qualification requirements, (2) trauma centers need to develop more structured and effective trauma treatment effectiveness improvement and patient safety plans, (3) trauma centers need to develop data quality plans, (4) trauma centers need to develop new diagnosis and treatment plans for specific patients, (5) trauma centers need to have new professional knowledge, (6) trauma centers need to meet new response time and resource availability standards, (7) trauma centers need to meet new academic and scientific requirements, (8) tertiary trauma centers need corresponding qualification certificates if providing neurological trauma treatment, (9) new requirements for pediatric trauma centers, (10) the fourth level trauma center standards. The research literature published by scholars in the field of trauma in the past decade has provided sufficient evidence-based medicine evidence for updating content.

Correction: Genetic diversity analysis of the invasive gall pest Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Apodemidae) from China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Evaluating the efficacy of the endoscopic thyroidectomy via sternocleidomastoid muscle posteroinferior approach in identifying occult lateral cervical lymph node metastasis.

Background: Lateral cervical lymph node metastasis (LLNM) is a well-established prognostic factor influencing recurrence and survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the accuracy of preoperative imaging examinations is limited. We have pioneered a minimally invasive technique-endoscopic thyroidectomy via sternocleidomastoid muscle posteroinferior approach (ETSPIA).

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model.

The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM), a leading cause of mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), remain poorly understood. The myocardial toxicity associated with T2DM is attributed to factors such as lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, oxidative stress, reduced cardiac efficiency, and lipoapoptosis. Compared to rats, mice offer greater accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and broader applicability for animal experiments.

The challenges and strategies towards high-performance anode-free post-lithium metal batteries.

With the merits of high theoretical energy density and ease of manufacture, anode-free post-lithium metal batteries have drawn extensive attention and have been rapidly emerging in recent years. However, the poor reversibility of metal anodes has severely hindered the realization of high-performance anode-free batteries. In this review, the critical challenges and strategies for achieving high-performance anode-free metal batteries are first elucidated.

Injectable Nano-Micron AKBA Delivery Platform for Treatment of Tendinopathy in a Rat Model.

Tendinopathy is a disorder characterized by pain and reduced function due to a series of changes in injured or diseased tendons. Inflammation and collagen degeneration are key contributors to the onset and chronic nature of tendinopathy. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is an effective anti-inflammatory agent widely used in chronic inflammatory disorders and holds potential for tendinopathy treatment; however, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by poor aqueous solubility.

The token undermining effect: When and why adding a small reward to a dated outcome makes it less preferred.

The mere token strategy, which adds a small reward (token) to an option to increase attractiveness, is widely used in the consumer field. However, we conducted six studies that seek to confirm the 'token undermining effect', where adding a small token to a sooner and smaller reward (SS) paired with a later and larger reward (LL) decreases the preference for the SS. The results showed that the effect persists across various choice sets, participant populations, reward amounts, delays, outcome properties and regardless of whether the scenarios are incentivized.

IL-17A exacerbates synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The primary clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis (OA) are joint pain and restricted movement capabilities. Synovial inflammation, serving as an initiator of OA progression, intensifies cartilage damage via the generation of various deleterious agents, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and nociceptive mediators. Despite extensive research on modulating synovial inflammation to retard OA progression, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of synovial inflammation in OA remain elusive.

DEHP-mediated oxidative stress leads to impaired testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells through the cAMP/PKA/SF-1/StAR pathway.

Leydig cells (LCs) injury is often irreversible upon discovery; hence, early identification of risk factors for injury is crucial. The ubiquitous plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in the environment has been shown to potentially cause damage to LCs. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Insular Infraorbital Neurovascular Pedicle Labial Salivary Gland Transplantation for Severe Dry Eye: Anatomy Study and Case Report.

Background: Severe dry eyes often require surgical intervention. Submandibular salivary and minor salivary gland transplantation are options for refractory dry eyes but have limitations. We innovatively designed an insular infraorbital neurovascular pedicle labial salivary gland transplantation (IINPLSGT) and validated its feasibility and safety through anatomical studies.

AURKB and circAURKB_288aa enhance Esophageal cancer drug resistance through inducing abnormal centrosome separation.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide, with a dramatic increase in incidence in the western world occurring over the past few decades. Chromosome instability (CIN) is a major contributor to EC progression, drug resistance, relapse, and the development of intratumoral heterogeneity. This study revealed a striking elevation of AURKB expression in EC patients, with a strong correlation to poor clinical outcomes.

The essential role of TTC28 in maintaining chromosomal stability via HSPA8 chaperone-mediated autophagy.

There are three distinct forms of autophagy, namely, macroautophagy, microautophagy, and HSPA8 chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). While macroautophagy is widely recognized as a regulator of chromosomal instability (CIN) through various pathways, the contributions of CMA and microautophagy to CIN remain uncertain. , a conserved gene in vertebrates, is frequently mutated and down-regulated in numerous human cancers.

Regulating Interfacial Hydrogen-Bonding Networks by Implanting Cu Sites with Perfluorooctane to Accelerate CO Electroreduction to Ethanol.

Efficient CO electroreduction (CORR) to ethanol holds promise to generate value-added chemicals and harness renewable energy simultaneously. Yet, it remains an ongoing challenge due to the competition with thermodynamically more preferred ethylene production. Herein, we presented a CO reduction predilection switch from ethylene to ethanol (ethanol-to-ethylene ratio of ~5.

Tuning of the Polymeric Nanofibril Geometry via Side-Chain Interaction toward 20.1% Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells.

Constructing fibril morphology has been believed to be an effective method of achieving efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport in organic solar cells (OSCs). Despite emerging endeavors on the fibrillization of organic semiconductors via chemical structural design or physical manipulation, tuning of the fibril geometry, i.e.

Remineralization and bacterial inhibition of early enamel caries surfaces by carboxymethyl chitosan lysozyme nanogels loaded with antibacterial drugs.

Objective: This study aimed to develop dual-functional CMC-LYZ-ACP nanogels. Three different antibacterial substances, tea polyphenols (TPs), silver nitrate (AgNO), and chlorhexidine (CHX) are then combined to form three dual-functional CMC-LYZ-ACP nanogels for remineralization and antibacterial purposes.

Methods: An in vitro model of Streptococcus mutans biofilm was established to analyze the inhibitory effect of the antibacterial-remineralizing dual-functional nanogels on the biofilm.