Identification and Characterization of Chemical Compounds in Compound Shougong Powder by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS Combined With Multiple Data Processing Techniques.

Compound Shougong Powder (CSP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation recognized for its efficacy in reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is primarily used clinically for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, research on the chemical compounds present in CSP remains limited.

NCOA4 linked to endothelial cell ferritinophagy and ferroptosis:a key regulator aggravate aortic endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is associated with a high incidence of cardiovascular events, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Our previous study found that Atherosclerotic endothelial injury is closely associated with ferroptosis in ApoE mice. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death induced by decreased antioxidant capacity of the organism and accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

Bacterial diseases in Siniperca chuatsi: status and therapeutic strategies.

Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a prominent freshwater species with significant economic value in China, while disease poses a major hindrance to the advancement of mandarin fish aquaculture. To date, the understanding of the prevention and management of bacterial disease in mandarin fish remains incomplete. Therefore, there is a need for more comprehensive insights into the preventive and curative strategies to address these bacterial infections.

Glutathione Attenuates Copper Levels and Alleviates Hepatic Injury in TX Mice.

Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder that is characterized by abnormal copper metabolism, and treatment of this condition in the clinic focuses on promoting copper ion excretion. Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide compound whose active group is a sulfhydryl group, which is involved in many important biochemical reactions. Thus, the antioxidant and integrative detoxification effects of GSH have attracted attention.

Co-occurring autism, ADHD, and gender dysphoria in children, adolescents, and young adults with eating disorders: an examination of pre- vs. post-COVID pandemic outbreak trends with real-time electronic health record data.

Background: Incidence rates of autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and gender dysphoria (GD) are rising not only in the general population, but particularly among children, adolescents, and young adults with eating disorders (EDs). While ED rates have risen during the COVID pandemic, trends in co-occurring autism, ADHD, and GD have yet to be investigated in detail or at scale by way of large electronic medical record data.

Objectives: To investigate trends in rates of co-occurring autism, ADHD, and GD among children, adolescents, and young adults with EDs in years prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Gandouling ameliorates liver injury in Wilson's disease through the inhibition of ferroptosis by regulating the HSF1/HSPB1 pathway.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, plays a crucial role in the progression of liver injury in Wilson's disease (WD). Gandouling (GDL) has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and treating liver injury in WD. However, the precise mechanisms by which GDL mitigates ferroptosis in WD liver injury remain unclear.

A short-term functional recovery comparison of therapeutic plasma exchange and immunoadsorption in severe acute neuroimmune diseases.

Objective: To compare the differential impact of recombinant protein A immunoadsorption (PAIA) or therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) on neurological functional improvement and quality of life in patients afflicted with severe acute neuroimmune diseases, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myasthenia gravis (MG), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (NMDARE).

Methods: The retrospective study included 29 patients with moderate to severe disability (modified Rankin scale, mRS≥3) due to acute neuroimmune diseases at the second Xiangya hospital from January 2021 to January 2023. The clinical efficacy of PAIA and TPE in improving neurological function (ΔmRS≥1) and the difference in favorable functional outcomes (mRS 0-2) at three months were evaluated.

The Effects of and Combination on Diet-Induced Obesity and Gut Microbiota.

Obesity is a multifactorial chronic metabolic disease with multiple complications. (CP) and (WE) are traditional functional foods with improving metabolic health properties. This study demonstrated the effect of CP and WE combination on ameliorating obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).

How do "words poorly expressed emotion" affect mental health? The mediating role of affect labelling effect.

Previous studies have found that people with high negative emotional granularity(NEG) tend to have better health levels. It is generally believed that this is due to the selection and application of explicit emotion regulation strategies that affect mental health. However, no research has yet examined a more fundamental process, the role of affect labelling, an implicit emotion regulation strategy.

Metabolomic and biochemical changes in the plasma and liver of toxic milk mice model of Wilson disease.

Wilson disease (WD) is an inherited disorder characterized by abnormal copper metabolism with complex pathological features. Currently, this mechanism of copper overload-induced hepatic injury remains unclear. In this study, male toxic milk (TX) mice were selected as experimental subjects.

Quality Evaluation of Hua Based on UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and Electronic Sensory Techniques with Different Numbers of Steaming Cycles.

In this study, electronic sensory techniques were employed to comprehensively evaluate the organoleptic quality, chemical composition and content change rules for Hua (PCH) during the steaming process. The results were subjected to hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). These analyses revealed, from a sensory product perspective, overall differences in colour, odour and taste among the samples of PCH with different numbers of steaming cycles.

Characterizing genetic variation on the Z chromosome in Schistosoma japonicum reveals host-parasite co-evolution.

Background: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide; it is caused by Schistosoma, the only dioecious flukes with ZW systems. Schistosoma japonicum is endemic to Asia; the Z chromosome of S. japonicum comprises one-quarter of the entire genome.

Gualou-Xiebai herb pair and its active ingredients act against atherosclerosis by suppressing VSMC-derived foam cell formation via regulating P2RY12-mediated lipophagy.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease characterized by lipid accumulation in the aortic wall and the formation of foam cells overloaded with large lipids inclusions. Currently, Western medicine is primarily used to improve lipid metabolism disorders and reduce inflammatory reactions to delay AS progression, but these medicines come with serious side effects and drug resistance. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a renowned herb pair that has been proven effective against AS.

Rapid Discovery of Aβ Fibril Disintegrators from Ligand Fishing and Their Neuroprotective Effects on Alzheimer's Disease.

An amyloid-β (Aβ) fibril is a vital pathogenic factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ fibril disintegrators possess great potential to be developed into novel anti-AD agents. Here, a ligand fishing method was employed to rapidly discover Aβ fibril disintegrators from using Aβ fibril-immobilized magnetic beads, which led to the isolation of six Aβ fibril disintegrators including ganodermanontriol, ganoderic acid DM, ganoderiol F, ganoderol B, ganodermenonol, and ergosterol.

Gualou-Xiebai herb pair ameliorate atherosclerosis in HFD-induced ApoE mice and inhibit the ox-LDL-induced injury of HUVECs by regulating the Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic vascular ailment characterized by inflammatory and lipid deposition in the arterial wall caused by endothelial injury. Ferroptosis is a novel type of cell death, and endothelial ferroptosis is a significant contributor to the progression of AS. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a renowned Chinese herb pair that serves a crucial function in treating AS.

The gut microbiota participates in the effect of linaclotide in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C): a multicenter, prospective, pre-post study.

Background: Interindividual variation characterizes the relief experienced by constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) patients following linaclotide treatment. Complex bidirectional interactions occur between the gut microbiota and various clinical drugs. To date, no established evidence has elucidated the interactions between the gut microbiota and linaclotide.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors VPA and WT161 ameliorate the pathological features and cognitive impairments of the APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease mouse model by regulating the expression of APP secretases.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder. Recent studies have indicated that histone deacetylases (HDACs) are among the most prominent epigenetic therapy targets and that HDAC inhibitors have therapeutic effects on AD. Here, we identified sodium valproate (VPA), a pan-HDAC inhibitor, and WT161, a novel HDAC6 selective inhibitor, as potential therapeutic agents for AD.

Rapid identification of chemical constituents and dynamic metabolic profile of Shenqi-Tiaoshen formula in rat plasma based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.

Shenqi-Tiaoshen formula (SQTSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that has been employed in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Clinical practice has demonstrated that SQTSF is an effective prescription for stable COPD. However, owing to the complexity of TCM prescription, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the chemical components of SQTSF and its in vivo metabolism studies.

A UPLC-QTOF/MS-based hepatic tissue metabolomics approach deciphers the mechanism of Huachansu tablets-based intervention against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Huachansu (HCS) tablets, classified as well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, have been proved to be effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanism of HCS tablets against HCC has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, a rat model of HCC was established with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) inducer.

Changes of gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Peutz-Jeghers Syndromeis a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and skin and mucous membrane pigmentation. The pathogenesis of PJS remains unclear; however, it may be associated with mutations in the STK11 gene, and there is currently no effective treatment available. The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis in the human body, and an increasing number of studies have reported a relationship between gut microbiota and human health and disease.

Beyond Race, Sex, and Gender: Mental Health Considerations of Transgender Youth of Color, Intersex Youth, and Nonbinary Youth.

This article explores how race, sex, and gender are better thought of as a continuum rather than binary categories. Starting with a discussion of intersectionality, we examine the importance of ethnic-racial identity and explore unique cultural considerations for working with Black, Latinx, and AAPI transgender and nonbinary youth. We then examine intersex youth and variations of sex development, as well as specific challenges they face.

Identification and quantitative analysis of the chemical constituents of Gandouling tablets using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Gandouling tablets are used in a clinical agent for the treatment of hepatocellular degeneration; however, their chemical constituents have not been elucidated. Here, we screened and identified the chemical constituents of Gandouling tablets using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometry. A method for the quality evaluation of Gandouling tablets was developed by combining the UHPLC fingerprints and the simultaneous quantitative analysis of multiple active ingredients.