Ternary Oxides in the TiO-ZnO System as Efficient Electron-Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 15.

Perovskite solar cells, which utilize organometal-halide perovskites as light-harvesting materials, have attracted great attention due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and potentially low cost in fabrication. A compact layer of TiO or ZnO is generally applied as electron-transport layer (ETL) in a typical perovskite solar cell. In this study, we explored ternary oxides in the TiO-ZnO system to find new materials for the ETL.

Up-regulation of VEGF by retinoic acid during hyperoxia prevents retinal neovascularization and retinopathy.

Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is directly associated with abnormal expression of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in premature neonates. This study was to investigate whether the systemic administration of retinoic acid (RA) regulates retinal VEGF expression and prevents retinal neovascularization and retinopathy in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to OIR by exposure to 75% oxygen from postnatal day (P) 7 to 12 of age.

Using bovine pituitary extract to increase proliferation of keratocytes and maintain their phenotype in vitro.

Aim: To investigate the effects of bovine pituitary extract on the proliferation of keratocytes and maintaining the keratocyte phenotype in vitro.

Methods: Single keratocytes were isolated by enzyme digestion for in vitro culture. Three groups were designed according to the different culture media: a bovine pituitary extract (BPE) group, a fetal bovine serum (FBS) group and the control group.

The role of in vivo confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of hidden corneal foreign bodies.

Objective: To investigate in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) to diagnose hidden corneal foreign bodies.

Methods: Male Kunming mice (n = 25; 12 weeks old) were anaesthetized prior to the insertion of five different materials (spiny wood, rusty iron, sharp stone, sharp glass fragment and human hair fragment) into the cornea by different traumatic processes. A separate mouse was used for each corneal foreign body.