This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. A case-control study was conducted, and high-throughput sequencing of the V4-V5 region of 16S rRNA was used to analyze the differences in gut microbiota. The results showed that Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the ischemic stroke group compared with the healthy control group, while Fusobacteria was significantly increased in the hemorrhagic stroke group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
May 2024
Although tobramycin increases lung function in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), the density of () in the lungs is only modestly reduced by tobramycin; hence, the mechanism whereby tobramycin improves lung function is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that tobramycin increases 5' tRNA-fMet halves in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by laboratory and CF clinical isolates of . The 5' tRNA-fMet halves are transferred from OMVs into primary CF human bronchial epithelial cells (CF-HBEC), decreasing OMV-induced IL-8 and IP-10 secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a network of pathways that degrades transcripts that undergo premature translation termination. In mammals, NMD can be divided into the exon junction complex (EJC)-enhanced and EJC-independent branches. Fluorescence- and luminescence-based reporters have long been effective tools to investigate NMD, yet existing reporters largely focus on the EJC-enhanced pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Although tobramycin increases lung function in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), the density of in the lungs is only modestly reduced by tobramycin; hence, the mechanism whereby tobramycin improves lung function is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that tobramycin increases 5' tRNA-fMet halves in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by laboratory and CF clinical isolates of . The 5' tRNA-fMet halves are transferred from OMVs into primary CF human bronchial epithelial cells (CF-HBEC), decreasing OMV-induced IL-8 and IP-10 secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeavy metal(loid)s contamination prevails in the water-soil-plant system around non-ferrous metal mining areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the heavy metal(loid)s contamination in Nandan Pb-Zn mining area (Guangxi, China). A total of 36 river water samples, 75 paired paddy soil and rice samples, and 128 paired upland soil and plant samples were collected from this area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a network of pathways that degrades transcripts that undergo premature translation termination. In mammals, NMD can be divided into the exon junction complex (EJC)-enhanced and EJC-independent branches. Fluorescence- and luminescence-based reporters have long been effective tools to investigate NMD, yet existing reporters largely focus on the EJC-enhanced pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA facile AAO (anodic aluminum oxide) template-assisted vacuum die-casting technique was used to create Sn nanowires and convert them into SnO without degrading the wires nanostructure. As a function of time and temperature, the controlled oxidation on the Sn nanowires of two different spatial configurations (100 and 250 nm in diameter) revealed distinct oxidation mechanisms. The 250-SnO nanowires exhibits a peculiar crumb-like structure formation over the surface due to the higher level of Sn atom dislocation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi
June 2023
Vascular injury resulting from lower limb amputation leads to the redistribution of blood flow and changes in vascular terminal resistance, which can affect the cardiovascular system. However, there was no clear understanding of how different amputation levels affect the cardiovascular system in animal experiments. Therefore, this study established two animal models of above-knee amputation (AKA) and below-knee amputation (BKA) to explore the effects of different amputation levels on the cardiovascular system through blood and histopathological examinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIce adhesion is important when designing aircraft anti-icing/de-icing systems. Major and minor grooves are common in the skin of aircraft. However, the effects of millimeter-scale grooves on ice adhesive strength have not been given due attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
August 2023
Background: Lower limb heat exposure (LLHE) is a promising strategy for the daily management of cardiovascular health because of its non-pharmaceutical advantages. To support the application of this strategy in cardiovascular protection, we examined its impact on the global hemodynamic environment.
Methods: Skin blood flow (SBF) of eight locations on the lower limbs was measured before and after LLHE (40 °C and 44 °C) in ten healthy subjects by using a laser Doppler flowmeter.
Lower extremity amputation (LEA) was associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease, but its hemodynamic mechanisms have not been fully studied. Therefore, to clarify the interrelationship between them, and figure out the potential pathogenesis, the exploration of the hemodynamic environment change of patients after LEA was premeditatedly executed. A near-physiological mock circulatory system (MCS) was employed in the present work to replicate the cardiovascular circulation after LEA in a short time and the unsteady-state numerical simulation was utilized as an auxiliary method to observe the changes of the hemodynamic environment inside the blood vessel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi
October 2022
Lower limb amputation is a significant change in body structure. Loss of muscle, blood vessels, and blood leads to a redistribution of blood flow and changes in resistance at the end of blood vessels. In view of the significant increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease after lower limb amputation, the mechanism of which is still unclear, this study aims to establish an animal research model that can verify and explore the effects of amputation on cardiovascular system, and provide the experimental basis for subsequent animal experiments when exploring the effect of different amputation levels on the cardiovascular system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Inst Mech Eng H
August 2022
It is preliminarily acknowledged that multilayer stent (MS) is a promising alternative technology in the treatment of visceral branched aneurysms, but hemodynamic consequences of eccentricity in such aneurysms with MS are less examined. In this work, we performed a time-dependent simulation of branched aneurysms of various eccentricities with different stent layers, and thrombosis-related parameters, such as time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillating shear index (OSI), and relative residence time (RRT), were also analyzed. Our results revealed that MS can generally restore laminar flow inside the stent, and allow proper perfusion to vital organs while also fostering a relatively secluded hemodynamic environment for thrombosis formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
June 2022
Objective: Sauna bathing (SB) is an important strategy in cardiovascular protection, but there is no mathematical explanation for the reallocation of blood circulation during heat-induced superficial vasodilation. We sought to reveal such reallocation via a simulated hemodynamic model.
Methods: A closed-loop cardiovascular model with a series of electrical parameters was constructed.
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi
February 2022
It has been found that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with lower limb amputation is significantly higher than that in normal individuals, but the relationship between lower limb amputation and the episodes of cardiovascular disease has not been studied from the perspective of hemodynamics. In this paper, numerical simulation was used to study the effects of amputation on aortic hemodynamics by changing peripheral impedance and capacitance. The final results showed that after amputation, the aortic blood pressure increased, the time averaged wall shear stress of the infrarenal abdominal aorta decreased and the oscillatory shear index of the left and right sides was asymmetrically distributed, while the time averaged wall shear stress of the iliac artery decreased and the oscillatory shear index increased.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: As the factors affecting the efficacy of the bare-metal stent in the treatment of aneurysm with a visceral vessel attached were not fully understood, we aimed to discuss the effects of different characteristics of the stent on the hemodynamics and flexibility in the treatment of the aneurysm.
Methods: Single-layer (with different strut widths) and multi-layer (with a different number of struts) stent models divided into three porosity groups, with porosities of 72.3, 60.
Recently, the effectiveness of internal iliac artery balloon occlusion (IIABO) for treating postpartum hemorrhage caused by pernicious placenta previa (PPP) has been questioned. We conducted a retrospective analysis and hemodynamic simulation to assess the IIABO's effectiveness. The retrospective analysis involved 480 patients with PPP, among which 288 underwent IIABO treatment and the remaining 192 were used as controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn eukaryotic organisms, transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragments have diverse biological functions. Considering the conserved sequences of tRNAs, it is not surprising that endogenous tRNA fragments in bacteria also play important regulatory roles. Recent studies have shown that microbes secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing tRNA fragments and that the EVs deliver tRNA fragments to eukaryotic hosts where they regulate gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To study the hemodynamic response to lower leg heating intervention (LLHI) inside the abdominal and iliac arterial segments (AIAS) of young sedentary individuals.
Methods: A Doppler measurement of blood flow was conducted for 5 young sedentary adults with LLHI. Heating durations of 0, 20, and 40 min were considered.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
April 2021
Mutations in alter macrophage responses, for example, by reducing their ability to phagocytose and kill bacteria. Altered macrophage responses may facilitate bacterial infection and inflammation in the lungs, contributing to morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by multiple cell types in the lungs and participate in the host immune response to bacterial infection, but the effect of EVs secreted by CF airway epithelial cells (AEC) on CF macrophages is unknown.
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