[Establishment and application of chloroplast genome database with the largest number of species in world].

The chloroplast genome is an important tool for studying plant classification, evolution, and the heterologous production of secondary metabolites and protein drugs. With advancements in sequencing technology and reductions in sequencing costs, chloroplast genome data have rapidly accumulated. However, existing chloroplast genome databases suffer from issues such as incomplete data, inadequate management, and inconsistent, inaccurate information, posing significant challenges for the development and utilization of the chloroplast genome.

The Armillaria response to Gastrodia elata is partially mediated by strigolactone-induced changes in reactive oxygen species.

Armillaria root diseases, caused by Armillaria spp., pose a significant threat to woody plants worldwide and result in substantial economic losses. However, certain species in the genus Armillaria can establish a unique symbiotic relationship with Gastrodia elata, which is the only known example of a plant benefiting from Armillaria.

Characteristics and functions of volatile organic compounds in the tripartite symbiotic system of HPDA25.

Tripartite interactions among plants, fungi, and bacteria are critical for maintaining plant growth and fitness, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a significant role in these interactions. However, the functions of VOCs within the niche of mycoheterotrophic plants, which represent unique types of interactions, remain poorly understood. , a mycoheterotrophic orchid species, forms a symbiotic relationship with specific species, serving as a model system to investigate this intriguing issue.

Identification of Growth-Promoting Bacterial Resources by Investigating the Microbial Community Composition of Sclerotia.

The sclerotium of the edible mushroom (Zhuling) exhibits various medicinal properties. However, given its long growth cycle and overexploitation, wild resources are facing depletion. Macrofungal growth depends on diverse microbial communities; however, the impact of soil bacteria on development is unknown.

[Cloning and gene function of dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier protein in Gastrodia elata].

The gene GeDTC encoding the dicarboxylate-tricarboxylate carrier protein in Gastrodia elata was cloned by specific primers which were designed based on the transcriptome data of G. elata. Bioinformatics analysis on GeDTC gene was carried out by using ExPASY, ClustalW, MEGA, etc.

itol.toolkit accelerates working with iTOL (Interactive Tree of Life) by an automated generation of annotation files.

Summary: iTOL is a powerful and comprehensive phylogenetic tree visualization engine. However, adjusting to new templates can be time-consuming, especially when many templates are available. We developed an R package namely itol.

, an C2H2 transcription factor from , positively regulates mycelium response to osmotic stress.

is an edible and medicinal mushroom with the capacity to produce sclerotia. However, the mechanism of sclerotia formation is unclear. CRZ1 is a C2H2 family transcription factor involved in the Ca-calcineurin signaling pathway, which has the function of regulating sclerotia formation, maintaining ion homeostasis, and responding to stress.

Genome-wide analysis of Panax MADS-box genes reveals role of PgMADS41 and PgMADS44 in modulation of root development and ginsenoside synthesis.

Panax root is an important material used in food and medicine. Its cultivation and production usually depend on root shape and ginsenoside content. There is limited understanding about the synergistic regulatory mechanisms underlying root development and ginsenoside accumulation in Panax.

Destabilized microbial networks with distinct performances of abundant and rare biospheres in maintaining networks under increasing salinity stress.

Global changes such as seawater intrusion and freshwater resource salinization increase environmental stress imposed on the aquatic microbiome. A strong predictive understanding of the responses of the aquatic microbiome to environmental stress will help in coping with the "gray rhino" events in the environment, thereby contributing to an ecologically sustainable future. Considering that microbial ecological networks are tied to the stability of ecosystem functioning and that abundant and rare biospheres with different biogeographic patterns are important drivers of ecosystem functioning, the roles of abundant and rare biospheres in maintaining ecological networks need to be clarified.

Accurate identification of taxon-specific molecular markers in plants based on DNA signature sequence.

Accurate identification of plants remains a significant challenge for taxonomists and is the basis for plant diversity conservation. Although DNA barcoding methods are commonly used for plant identification, these are limited by the low amplification success and low discriminative power of selected genomic regions. In this study, we developed a k-mer-based approach, the DNA signature sequence (DSS), to accurately identify plant taxon-specific markers, especially at the species level.

Isolation, genomic characterization, and mushroom growth-promoting effect of the first fungus-derived .

is a well-known edible and medicinal mushroom, and some bacteria isolated from mushroom sclerotia may have beneficial effects on their host. These mushroom growth-promoting bacteria (MGPBs) are of great significance in the mushroom production. In this work, we aimed to isolate and identify MGPBs from sclerotia.

Increasing Expression of and Provides Insights Into the Enlargement of Root Size From Dynasty to Cultivation Era.

Root size is a key trait in plant cultivation and can be influenced by the cultivation environment. However, physical evidence of root size change in a secular context is scarce due to the difficulty in preserving ancient root samples, and how they were modified during the domestication and cultivation stays unclear. About 100 ancient root samples of , preserved as tribute in the Palace Museum (A.

Mycorrhizosphere Bacteria, sp. HPDA25, Promotes the Growth of and Its Parasitic Host .

is an entirely heterotrophic plant, the growth of which is completely reliant on , an orchid mycorrhizal fungus. To avoid damaging ecosystems, cultivation is shifting from woodland to farmland. However, whether the microbial community structure remains stable during this conversation is unknown.

[Differences between male and female leaves of Schisandra sphenanthera: based on RNA-Seq].

Schisandra sphenanthera is dioecious and only the fruits of female plants can be used as medicine and food. It is of great significance for the cultivation and production of S. sphenanthera to explore the differences between male and female plants at the non-flowering stage and develop the identification markers at non-flowering or seedling stage.

The third complete chloroplast genome of (Rutaceae): a widely used folk medicinal herb.

commonly known as thin evodia, is an herb used to therapy eczema, dermatitis, and other ailments in traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we reported the third complete chloroplast genome of based on next-generation sequencing. The third chloroplast genome of is 158,933 bp in length consisting of large and small single-copy regions of length 85,020 and 18,607 bp, separated by two IR regions of 27,683 bp.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of (Rutaceae): a widely used folk medicinal herb.

is traditionally used for management of gut, air way and cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of based on next-generation sequencing and used the data to assess genomic resources. The chloroplast genome of is 160,280 bp in length consisting of large and small single-copy regions of length 87,605 and 18,609 bp, separated by two IR regions of 27,033 bp.

[Quantitative taxonomic study on agronomic traits of cultivated Gastrodia elata].

To better understand the formation mechanism of Gastrodia elata traits, the agronomic traits of aboveground tissues and tubers were measured and analyzed in this study. It has shown that the color and thickness of the stems of the 39 samples of the G. elata collected are affected by the germplasm and variation.

[Effect of fresh Gastrodia elata on gut microbiota in mice].

Gastrodia elata B1.,a traditional Chinese medicine,was frequently applied as a cure for headache or migraine. Its effects include suppressing hyperactive liver,calming endogenous wind,dredging collateralsand relieving spasm.

Ultrafast all-optical switching in one-dimensional photonic crystal with two defects.

One-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PC) containing two-layer CdS defects are proposed and fabricated by using electron beam evaporation. Ultrafast nonlinear optical responses were characterized with the ultrafast pump-probe method in both time and spectral domains. Two-photon absorption coefficient enhancement and pump-beam-induced defect mode shift were reported.

Defect-mode dependence of two-photon-absorption enhancement in a one-dimensional photonic bandgap structure.

A one-dimensional photonic crystal containing a single CdS defect layer of various thicknesses was fabricated. The dependence of the two-photon-absorption (TPA) coefficient on the defect mode was investigated by use of a femtosecond pump-probe method. Experimental results show that the TPA coefficient of the CdS defect layer depends strongly on the defect mode in the photonic bandgap.