Identification and Characterization of the Gene Family in and Its Role in Abiotic Stress-Drought, Heat and Light Stress.

is a second-class endangered and protected species unique to China, and it holds significant ecological and economic value. DNA binding one zinc finger (Dof) transcription factors are plant-specific regulators. Numerous studies have demonstrated that genes are involved in plant growth, development and responses to abiotic stress.

ATM-AMPKα mediated LAG-3 expression suppresses T cell function in prostate cancer.

Immunotherapy for prostate cancer (PCa) faces serious challenges. Therefore, the co-inhibitory receptors that regulate T cell function of PCa must be elucidated. Here we identified that the inhibitory receptor LAG3 was significantly induced in T cells from PCa patients.

Customized whole brain-covering 3D GRASE in multi-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling for duplex distinct hemodynamic mapping contrasts of brain tissues and circulation pathways.

Gradient and spin echo (GRASE) is widely employed in arterial spin labeling (ASL) as an efficient readout sequence. Hemodynamic parameter mappings of perfusion, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT), can be derived via multi-delay ASL acquisitions. Multi-delay ASL perfusion imaging inevitably suffers limited signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) since a motion-sensitized vessel suppressing module has to be employed to highlight perfusion signals.

CPT1A-Mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Precursor Osteoclast Fusion in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The overproduction of osteoclasts, leading to bone destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is well established. However, little is known about the metabolic dysfunction of osteoclast precursors (OCPs) in RA. Herein, we show that increasing fatty acid oxidation (FAO) induces OCP fusion.

Comparison of New Glucose-Lowering Drugs on the Risk of Pancreatitis in Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To explore whether new glucose-lowering drugs increase the risk of pancreatitis in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This present network meta-analysis aimed to investigate the risk of pancreatitis associated with the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched.

ATPIF1 maintains normal mitochondrial structure which is impaired by CCM3 deficiency in endothelial cells.

Background: Numerous signaling pathways have been demonstrated experimentally to affect the pathogenesis of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), a disease that can be caused by CCM3 deficiency. However, the understanding of the CCM progression is still limited. The objective of the present work was to elucidate the role of CCM3 by RNA-seq screening of CCM3 knockout mice.

METTL1-mediated mG methylation maintains pluripotency in human stem cells and limits mesoderm differentiation and vascular development.

Background: 7-Methylguanosine (mG) is one of the most conserved modifications in nucleosides within tRNAs and rRNAs. It plays essential roles in the regulation of mRNA export, splicing, and translation. Recent studies highlighted the importance of METTL1-mediated mG tRNA methylome in the self-renewal of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) through its ability to regulate mRNA translation.

METTL1 limits differentiation and functioning of EPCs derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells through a MAPK/ERK pathway.

Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has high therapeutic potential for ischemia-related ailments like heart attacks and claudication. Due to limited EPC sources, direct reprogramming is a fast-developing way to convert human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into EPCs fit for transplantation. However, the procedural efficacy was affected by multiple factors, including epigenetic modifications.

Adaptation in 5-HT receptors-CaMKII signaling in lateral habenula underlies increased nociceptive-sensitivity in ethanol-withdrawn rats.

Alcoholics often experience hyperalgesia, especially during abstinence, yet the underlying cellular and molecular bases are unclear. Recent evidence suggests that 5-HT type 2 receptors (5-HTRs) at glutamatergic synapses on lateral habenula (LHb) neurons may play a critical role. We, therefore, measured paw withdrawal responses to thermal and mechanical stimuli, and alcohol intake in a rat model of intermittent drinking paradigm, as well as spontaneous glutamatergic transmission (sEPSCs), and firing of LHb neurons in brain slices.

Impaired Tip60-mediated Foxp3 acetylation attenuates regulatory T cell development in rheumatoid arthritis.

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), imbalanced T cells subsets play a critical role in sustaining chronic inflammatory responses in the synovium. Naïve T cells in RA patients undergo maldifferentiation, including an increase in the effector Th1/Th17 lineage and a reduction in regulatory T (Treg) cells. Upon stimulation, naïve CD4CD45RO T cells from RA patients exhibited insufficient expression of Foxp3, which induced a deficiency in Tregs production and an imbalance of Treg/Th17 differentiation.

Dynamic mA mRNA methylation reveals the role of METTL3-mA-CDCP1 signaling axis in chemical carcinogenesis.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) is the most abundant internal modification in mammalian mRNAs. Despite its functional importance in various physiological events, the role of mA in chemical carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here we profiled the dynamic mA mRNA modification during cellular transformation induced by chemical carcinogens and identified a subset of cell transformation-related, concordantly modulated mA sites.

Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Innate Immunity.

Canonical functions of mitochondria include the regulation of cellular survival, orchestration of anabolic and metabolic pathways, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. Recent discoveries, nevertheless, have demonstrated that mitochondria are also critical elements to stimulate innate immune signaling cascade that is able to intensify the inflammation upon cytotoxic stimuli beyond microbial infection. Here we review the expanding research field of mitochondria and oxidative stress in innate immune system to highlight the new mechanistic insights and discuss the pathological relevance of mitochondrial dysregulation induced aberrant innate immune responses in a growing list of sterile inflammatory diseases.

Nonepimerizing Alkylation of H-P Species to Stereospecifically Generate P-Stereogenic Phosphine Oxides: A Shortcut to Bidentate Tertiary Phosphine Ligands.

The secondary R-(-)-menthyl alkylphosphine oxide was confirmed as configurationally stable toward base and was used in base-promoted alkylation, stereospecifically affording P-retained bis or functional tertiary phosphine oxides in excellent yields. The alkylated products were deoxygenated using oxalyl chloride followed by ZnCl-NaBH to form P-inversed bidentate phosphine boranes in high stereoselectivities.

Preparation of Optically Pure Tertiary Phosphine Oxides via the Addition of P-Stereogenic Secondary Phosphine Oxide to Activated Alkenes.

Functionalized P,C-stereogenic tertiary phosphine oxides were prepared by the addition of (RP)-menthyl phenylphosphine oxide to activated olefins, in high drP and drC, and were isolated in excellent yields. The reaction was readily catalyzed by Ca(OH)2 or occurred with gentle heating. A wide range of substrates, including vinyl ketones, esters, nitriles, and nitro alkenes, can be used in the reaction.

Double Asymmetric Induction During the Addition of (RP)-Menthyl Phenyl Phosphine Oxide to Chiral Aldimines.

P,C-Stereogenic α-amino phosphine oxides were prepared from the addition of (RP )-menthyl phenyl phosphine oxide to chiral aldimines under neat condition at 80 °C in up to 91:9 drC and 99% yields. The diastereoselectivity was mainly induced by chiral phosphorus that showed matched or mismatched induction with (S)- or (R)-aldimines, respectively.

One-pot process that efficiently generates single stereoisomers of 1,3-bisphosphinylpropanes having five chiral centers.

P,C-stereogenic 1,3-bisphosphinylpropanes 3 that have up to five stereogenic centers could be obtained stereoselectively in high yields by a one-step reaction of (RP)-menthylphenylphosphine oxide 1 with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes 2 catalyzed by KOH at room temperature. A mechanism was proposed as to involve a stereoselective intermolecular 1,3'-phosphorus migration from the 1,2-adduct of 1 with 2 to another 2 generating a 1,4-adduct that subsequently reacts with 1 to produce 3.

The genome-wide transcriptional response to neonatal hyperoxia identifies Ahr as a key regulator.

Premature infants requiring supplemental oxygen are at increased risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Rodent models involving neonatal exposure to excessive oxygen concentrations (hyperoxia) have helped to identify mechanisms of BPD-associated pathology. Genome-wide assessments of the effects of hyperoxia in neonatal mouse lungs could identify novel BPD-related genes and pathways.