Ailanthone inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis through targeting UPF1/GAS5/ULK1 signaling pathway.

Background: Targeting long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) is a novel and promising approach in cancer therapy. In our previous study, we investigated the effects of ailanthone (aila), the main active compound derived from the stem barks of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, on the growth of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that the immunosuppression landscape induced by chronic stress promotes colorectal cancer metastasis.

The high prevalence of depressive disorders in individuals with cancer and their contribution to tumour progression is a topic that is gradually gaining attention. Recent evidence has shown that there are prominent connections between immune gene variants and mood disorders. The homeostasis of the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and the infiltration and activation of immune cells play a very important role in the antitumour effect.

GLDC promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by Hippo signaling pathway.

Cancer metastasis remains a major cause of death in cancer patients, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a decisive role in cancer metastasis. Recently, abnormal expression of Glycine Decarboxylase (GLDC) has been demonstrated in tumor progression, and GLDC is up-regulated in cancers, such as lung, prostate, bladder, and cervical cancers. However, the exact role of GLDC in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains to be elucidated.

Tanshinone IIA enhances susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer cells to NK cell-mediated lysis by up-regulating ULBP1 and DR5.

Natural killer (NK) cells have a great potential in cancer immunotherapy. However, their therapeutic efficacy is clinically limited owing to cancer cell immune escape. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop novel method to improve the antitumor immunity of NK cells.

A high-throughput assay for screening natural products that boost NK cell-mediated killing of cancer cells.

Natural killer (NK) cells can eliminate malignant cells and play a vital role in immunosurveillance. Administration of natural compounds represents a promising approach for antitumor immunotherapy, which may enhance the NK cell activity via multiple mechanisms. Establishing approaches to evaluate the effect of select natural products on NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

The Ancient Chinese Decoction Yu-Ping-Feng Suppresses Orthotopic Lewis Lung Cancer Tumor Growth Through Increasing M1 Macrophage Polarization and CD4 T Cell Cytotoxicity.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has a deep influence on cancer progression and has become into a new target for cancer treatment. In our previous study, we found that Yu-Ping-Feng (YPF), an ancient Chinese herbal decoction, significantly inhibited the Lewis lung cancer (LLC) tumor growth in a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model, and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. But the regulation of Yu-Ping-Feng on tumor microenvironment is unknown.

Rocaglamide enhances NK cell-mediated killing of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy.

Targeting macroautophagy/autophagy is a novel strategy in cancer immunotherapy. In the present study, we showed that the natural product rocaglamide (RocA) enhanced natural killer (NK) cell-mediated lysis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vitro and tumor regression in vivo. Moreover, this effect was not related to the NK cell recognition of target cells or expressions of death receptors.

Ailanthone inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth through repressing DNA replication via downregulating RPA1.

Background: The identification of bioactive compounds from Chinese medicine plays a crucial role in the development of novel reagents against non-small lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: High throughput screening assay and analyses of cell growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, cDNA microarray, BrdU incorporation and gene expression were performed.

Results: Ailanthone (Aila) suppressed NSCLC cell growth and colony formation in vitro and inhibited NSCLC tumour growth in subcutaneously xenografted and orthotopic lung tumour models, leading to prolonged survival of tumour-bearing mice.

The histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid inhibits NKG2D expression in natural killer cells through suppression of STAT3 and HDAC3.

NKG2D is a major activating receptor of NK cells and plays a critical role in tumor immunosurveillance. NKG2D expression in NK cells is inhibited by the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) and enhanced by the narrow-spectrum HDAC inhibitor entinostat. We previously demonstrated that entinostat enhanced NKG2D transcription by increasing acetylation of Histones H3 and H4.

Enhancement of NK cell-mediated lysis of non-small lung cancer cells by nPKC activator, ingenol 3,20 dibenzoate.

The IFN-γ production is crucial for NK cell-mediated lysis of cancer cells. Thus increasing the IFN-γ production by NK cells may be an ideal strategy to improve their tumoricidal effect. Since the focus on new drug development has shifted towards natural products, limited information is out there about natural products that enhance the IFN-γ production by NK cells.

NK Cell-Dependent Growth Inhibition of Lewis Lung Cancer by Yu-Ping-Feng, an Ancient Chinese Herbal Formula.

Little is known about Yu-Ping-Feng (YPF), a typical Chinese herbal decoction, for its antitumor efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we found that YPF significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis lung cancer, prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice, promoted NK cell tumor infiltration, increased the population of NK cells in spleen, and enhanced NK cell-mediated killing activity. The growth suppression of tumors by YPF was significantly reversed by the depletion of NK cells.

A High-Throughput Assay for Screening of Natural Products that Enhanced Tumoricidal Activity of NK Cells.

Background: Recently, immunotherapy has shown a lot of promise in cancer treatment and different immune cell types are involved in this endeavor. Among different immune cell populations, NK cells are also an important component in unleashing the therapeutic activity of immune cells. Therefore, in order to enhance the tumoricidal activity of NK cells, identification of new small-molecule natural products is important.