EGFR-TKIs induce acneiform rash and xerosis via Caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis of keratinocytes and sebocytes.

Skin toxicities are the most common adverse effects of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). While EGFR-TKIs induce pyroptosis in lung cancer cells through Gasdermin E (GSDME) activation, it is unknown whether they can similarly affect skin cells. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that in acneiform rash, the N-terminus of GSDME (GSDME-N) is predominantly expressed in the basal layer of the follicular epithelium and sebocytes, while it is absent in the interfollicular epidermis.

Membranous aplasia cutis congenita: A rare case report highlighting clinical presentation, genetic insights, and the need for comprehensive evaluation.

Introduction: Membranous aplasia cutis congenita (MACC) is the most common clinical subtype of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC). It is typified by a localized skin lesion devoid of hair and features a membranous surface. While most MACC individuals do not present with concurrent abnormalities, it can sometimes co-occur with additional physical anomalies and various malformation syndromes.

Interleukin inhibitors and the associated risk of candidiasis.

Interleukins (ILs) are vital in regulating the immune system, enabling to combat fungal diseases like candidiasis effectively. Their inhibition may cause enhanced susceptibility to infection. IL inhibitors have been employed to control autoimmune diseases and inhibitors of IL-17 and IL-23, for example, have been associated with an elevated risk of infection.

A Case Report and Literature Review of Bilateral Cervical Chondrocutaneous Branchial Remnants.

Chondrocutaneous branchial remnants (CCBRs) are rare congenital heterotopic tissue formations originating from the first or second embryonic branchial arches. Clinically, CCBRs are characterized predominantly by unilateral and solitary cartilaginous nodules found on the lower neck region. Herein, we present a case of CCBRs in a 9-year-old male patient who presented with horn-shaped projecting masses on either side of the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Mitochondrial DNA depletion causes decreased ROS production and resistance to apoptosis.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion occurs frequently in many diseases including cancer. The present study was designed in order to examine the hypothesis that mtDNA‑depleted cells are resistant to apoptosis and to explore the possible mechanisms responsible for this effect. Parental human osteosarcoma 143B cells and mtDNA‑deficient (Rho˚ or ρ˚) 206 cells (derived from 143B cells) were exposed to different doses of solar-simulated ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Luteolin decreases the UVA‑induced autophagy of human skin fibroblasts by scavenging ROS.

Luteolin (LUT) is a flavone, which is universally present as a constituent of traditional Chinese herbs, and certain vegetables and spices, and has been demonstrated to exhibit potent radical scavenging and cytoprotective properties. Although LUT has various beneficial effects on health, the effects of LUT on the protection of skin remain to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated whether LUT can protect human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) from ultraviolet (UV) A irradiation.

Enforced expression of microRNA-21 influences the replication of varicella-zoster virus by triggering signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chronic pain and serious complications, including zoster paresis. However, the mechanism of VZV replication, a critical part of VZV pathogenesis, remains largely unknown and was investigated in the present study. The upregulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) was identified following VZV infection by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Cytotoxic triterpene saponins from Clematis mandshurica.

Two new triterpene saponins, mandshunosides A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Clematis mandshurica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and hydrolysis products. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities against two colorectal human cancer cells HCT 116 (IC₅₀ 2.

Stepwise identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitope peptides from herpes simplex virus type 1 genome boosted by a StepRank scheme.

Identification of immunodominant epitopes is the first step in the rational design of peptide vaccines aimed at T-cell immunity. To date, however, it is yet a great challenge for accurately predicting the potent epitope peptides from a pool of large-scale candidates with an efficient manner. In this study, a method that we named StepRank has been developed for the reliable and rapid prediction of binding capabilities/affinities between proteins and genome-wide peptides.

[Determination of citrinin in red kojic by HPCE].

Objective: To establish an instant determination method of citrinin in red kojic by high performance capillary electrophorphores for the first time.

Method: Red kojic was extracted with the mixtrue of Toluene and ethyl acetate (70:30). Separation was carried out in an uncoated fused silica capillary (50 microm x 45.

Large scale analysis of genes contributing to the herbal preparation dependent hippocampal plasticity in postischemic rehabilitation.

Herbal preparations can affect the expression of many genes involved in the ischemic process. These genes have been providing insights into the molecular basis of brain plasticity in stroke rehabilitation. However, the extent of plasticity has not been investigated using a chemogenomic approach.

Dioscorea opposita reverses dexamethasone induced insulin resistance.

The effects of Dioscorea opposita (huai shan yao, HSY) on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance were investigated in vitro and in vivo. D. opposita extract reduced significantly the blood insulin and glucose levels in dexamethasone-induced diabetic rats.

[The experiment study on RNAi inhibiting the expression of survivin and inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells].

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of RNAi expression vector suppressing the expression of survivin and inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1.

Methods: The expression of survivin was examined with RT-PCR and immunofluorescence protocols. The survivin gene was cloned into the T-vector and sequenced, at the same time, the RNAi expression vectors aimed survivin were successfully constructed, and then transfected into PANC-1 cells with liposomes.

[Synthesis of phenyloxyisobutyric acid derivatives and their antidiabetic activity in vitro].

Aim: To design and synthesize new phenyloxyisobutyric acid analogues as antidiabetic compounds.

Methods: Eight new target compounds were synthesized by combination of lipophilic moieties and acidic moiety with nucleophilic replacement or Mitsunobu condensation. The eight compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and MS.

[Dissipation mechanism of excessive energy in umbilical orange under phosphorus deficiency and strong light stress].

The dissipation mechanism of excessive energy of umbilical orange under phosphorus deficiency and strong light stress was studied with solution culture method. The results showed that under phosphorus deficiency and strong light stress, the photosynthetic pigment content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), photorespiration rate (Pr), maximum fluorescence (Fm), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transmit rate (ETR) of umbilical orange were all declined, while original fluorescence (Fo) and Pr/Pn ratio were raised. The fast-phase (qNf) of non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence was decreased, while the middle-phase (qNm) and slow-phase (qNs) were increased.

[Design, synthesis and insulin-sensitizing activity of some peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma agonists].

Aim: To find new peroxisome proliferator-activated y agonists with high activity and low toxicity.

Methods: Based on JTT-501 and JTT-20993, new isoxazolidine-3,5-dione and noncyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds were designed and synthesized. Their insulin-sensitizing activities were evaluated.

Microarray analysis of gene expression on herbal glycoside recipes improving deficient ability of spatial learning memory in ischemic mice.

In order to reveal the mechanism of herbal glycoside recipes retrieving deficient ability of spatial learning memory in mice suffering from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, a microarray system was used to analyze gene expression in those groups with increasing ability of spatial learning memory who were different from ischemic mice. In this work, we reported a comprehensive characterization of gene expression profiles of mouse hippocampus by the use of cDNA microarray system containing 1176 known genes in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ischemic mice after treating with different dosage recipes of glycoside herbs (30, 90, and 270 mg/kg). The ability of spatial learning memory in ischemic mice was found to be decreased.

[Study on point mutations in mitochondrial DNA control region for replication DLP(6) of cultured dermal fibroblast with 8-MOP/UVA treatment].

Objective: To investigate the relationships between skin photoaging and point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region for replication of dermal fibroblast.

Methods: Cultured dermal fibroblasts were treated by 8-methoxypsora len /ultraviolet A (8-MOP/UVA). mtDNA was extracted by one-step-method and th e PCR products of D-loop and adjacent transcription promoter (DLP(6)) fragment of mtDNA control region for replication were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strain conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing.