p54-Fc-Labeled Gold Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Strip-Assisted Portable Devices for Rapid and Quantitative Point-of-Care Detection of ASFV Antibodies.

In this study, a novel rapid immunochromatographic (IC) test for African swine fever virus (ASFV) antibodies is presented. An immunochromatographic test (IC) is a detection technique that combines membrane chromatography with immunolabeling. This approach saves time for antibody preparation, resulting in a shorter production cycle.

Occult collision tumor of the gastroesophageal junction comprising adenocarcinomas with distinct molecular profiles.

Collision tumors, characterized by the coexistence of two unique neoplasms in close approximation, are rare and pose diagnostic challenges. This is particularly true when the unique neoplasms are of the same histologic type. Here we report such a case where comprehensive tumor profiling by next generation sequencing (NGS) as well as immunohistochemistry revealed two independent adenocarcinomas comprising what was initially diagnosed as a single adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal (GEJ) junction.

Kisspeptin Alleviates Human Hepatic Fibrogenesis by Inhibiting TGFβ Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells.

The peptide hormone kisspeptin attenuates liver steatosis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and fibrosis in mouse models by signaling via the kisspeptin 1 receptor (KISS1R). However, whether kisspeptin impacts fibrogenesis in the human liver is not known. We investigated the impact of a potent kisspeptin analog (KPA) on fibrogenesis using human precision-cut liver slices (hPCLS) from fibrotic livers from male patients, in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), LX-2, and in primary mouse HSCs.

Short-Process Regeneration of Highly Stable Spherical LiCoO Cathode Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries through Carbonate Precipitation.

High-efficacy recycling of spent lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO ) batteries is one of the key tasks in realizing a global resource security strategy due to the rareness of lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) resources. However, it is of great significance to develop the innovative recycle methods for spent LiCoO , simultaneously realizing the efficient recovery of valuable elements and the regeneration of high-performance LiCoO . Herein, a novel strategy of regenerating LiCoO cathode is proposed, which involves the preparation of micro-spherical aluminum (Al)-doped lithium-lacked precursor (Li Co Al CO remarked as "PLCAC") via ammonium bicarbonate coprecipitation.

Infection and inflammation stimulate expansion of a CD74 Paneth cell subset to regulate disease progression.

Paneth cells (PCs), a specialized secretory cell type in the small intestine, are increasingly recognized as having an essential role in host responses to microbiome and environmental stresses. Whether and how commensal and pathogenic microbes modify PC composition to modulate inflammation remain unclear. Using newly developed PC-reporter mice under conventional and gnotobiotic conditions, we determined PC transcriptomic heterogeneity in response to commensal and invasive microbes at single cell level.

Renal Cell Carcinoma with Cardiac Metastases: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cardiac metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are very rare. We describe the case of a woman with RCC with cardiac metastases involving the entire right atrium, penetrating through the myocardium, with extension into the tricuspid valve and right ventricle. This report highlights the unique challenge of the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac metastases in RCC.

NR4A3 fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis in cytologic and surgical specimens of acinic cell carcinoma.

Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) may pose a diagnostic challenge, particularly on small biopsies and fine needle aspiration (FNA) because of its variable histology including potential high-grade transformation and its mimickers. Immunoreactivity with circumferential membranous staining for DOG1 can support the diagnosis of AciCC but is not entirely specific. A novel rearrangement t(4;9)(q13;q31) leading to up-regulation of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) has been described in AciCC, is potentially detectable by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and may be useful in the evaluation for AciCC.

Comparison of programmed death ligand 1 immunostaining for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma between paired cytological and surgical samples.

Objectives: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis with surgery or chemotherapy. Programmed death ligand 1 expression (PD-L1) immunotherapy has been successful for treating lung and other cancers with PD-L1 expression. However, in many unresectable PDAC cases, cytological samples are the only available tissues for PD-L1 testing.

DNA methylation markers in esophageal cancer: an emerging tool for cancer surveillance and treatment.

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most pervasive cancers in the world, with upwards of 500,000 new diagnoses, annually. Despite its prominence, advancements in the detection and treatment of EC have been marginal over the past 30 years and the survival rate continues to stay below 20%. This is due to the uncommonly heterogeneous presentation of EC which presents unprecedented challenges in improving patient survival and quality of care.

BRAF mutation test on fine-needle aspiration specimens of thyroid nodules: Clinical correlations for 4600 patients.

Background: The BRAF mutation is valuable for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, studies related to this mutation have involved only a small number of patients. Therefore, we performed a large-scale analysis from a single institute to evaluate the accuracy of combined fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and BRAF mutation tests for PTC diagnosis.

Phosphomannose Isomerase High Expression Associated with Better Prognosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The need for increased patient survival has not been met for PDAC. The addition of mannose to conventional chemotherapy leads to accumulation of mannose metabolite in cancer cells and increases subsequent cell death.

Engineering a Robust Interface on Ni-Rich Cathodes via a Novel Dry Doping Process toward Advanced High-Voltage Performance.

Ni-rich layered oxides have become the main force of cathode materials for EV cells with high energy density owing to their satisfactory theoretical capacity, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. However, the high-voltage stability of Ni-rich cathode materials still has not fulfilled the demand of power batteries due to their intrinsic structural and electrochemical instability. The commonly used modification procedures are achieved via a wet process, which may lead to surface lithium-ion deficiency, phase change, and high costs during manufacturing.

FILIP1L Loss Is a Driver of Aggressive Mucinous Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Mediates Cytokinesis Defects through PFDN1.

Aneuploid mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MAC) is an aggressive subtype of colorectal cancer with poor prognosis. The tumorigenic mechanisms in aneuploid MAC are currently unknown. Here we show that downregulation of Filamin A-interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L) is a driver of MAC.

Pilot Study of the Performance of 19-G Needle in Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Aspiration for the Diagnosis and Testing of Molecular Markers in Lung Cancer.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has become the standard for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. Historically, 21- and 22-G needles have been paired with EBUS. We evaluated the performance of EBUS-TBNA using a larger 19-G needle in the assessment of tumor tissue obtained and success of testing for molecular markers.

Hepatic sclerosing cavernous haemangioma can mimic the nodular elastosis stage of segmental atrophy.

Aims: Segmental atrophy (SA) of the liver is a recently described pseudotumour that can show a broad spectrum of histological changes. The previously described histological differential diagnosis of SA has included cystic disease of the liver, amyloid, cancer-associated elastosis, and epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. We have observed that sclerosing cavernous haemangiomas (SCHs) can mimic the nodular elastosis stage of SA; the aim of this study was to explore this differential diagnosis.

Expression of GCRG213p, LINE-1 endonuclease variant, significantly different in gastric complete and incomplete intestinal metaplasia.

Background: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the gastric mucosa is classified as complete (Type I) and incomplete IM (Type II and III) subtypes, which showed significantly different risk for developing to gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). GCRG213, a variant of L1-endonuclease (L1-EN), first identified in our lab, was upregulated in GAC tissue. However, the relationship between GCRG213 and IM subtypes is not clear.

Combined EsophaCap cytology and MUC2 immunohistochemistry for screening of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma.

The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased by 700% in Western countries over the last 30 years. Although clinical guidelines call for endoscopic surveillance for EAC among high-risk populations, fewer than 5% of new EAC patients are under surveillance at the time of diagnosis. We studied the accuracy of combined cytopathology and MUC2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) for screening of Intestinal Metaplasia (IM), dysplasia and EAC, using specimens collected from the EsophaCap swallowable encapsulated cytology sponge from Canada and United States.

Detection of Circulating Tumor DNA in Plasma: A Potential Biomarker for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Recent literature has demonstrated the potential of "liquid biopsy" and detection of circulating tumor (ct)DNA as a cancer biomarker. However, to date there is a lack of data specific to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). This study was conducted to determine how detection and quantification of ctDNA changes with disease burden in patients with EAC and evaluate its potential as a biomarker in this population.

Incidence and Significance of GATA3 Positivity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma.

GATA3 is a transcription factor involved in the development and differentiation of lymphocytes, breast, and hair follicles. The protein is a useful immunohistochemical (IHC) marker for supporting diagnoses of breast or urothelial carcinoma. This can be especially helpful in metastatic neoplasms to help delineate site of origin.

PD-L1 expression and its clinicopathological correlation in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Chinese population.

Background: Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a ligand for the inhibitory programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), which are targeted by several anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs for a variety of human cancers. However, only a few studies have evaluated PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with a large Chinese cohort. Our present study is to evaluate the association of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological features on ESCC.

Comparison of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunostain for nonsmall cell lung carcinoma between paired cytological and surgical specimens.

Background: programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a ligand for the inhibitory programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1), which are targeted by several anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs for lung cancer treatment. In clinical practice, many lung cancer cases only have cytology samples available to test PD-L1. Our current study compared the PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) between paired cytological and surgical samples.

Unexpectedly High Prevalence of Cystoisospora belli Infection in Acalculous Gallbladders of Immunocompetent Patients.

Objectives: Indications for cholecystectomy have changed dramatically over the past three decades. Cystoisospora belli has been reported in cholecystectomy specimens of immunocompetent patients. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence and clinical association of C belli in the gallbladder.

Pharmacological targeting of p38 MAP-Kinase 6 (MAP2K6) inhibits the growth of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Drug repurposing with a better understanding of the underlying mechanism has provided new avenues to find treatment for malignancies. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a rapidly increasing cancer with a dismal 5-year survival rate of <15%. Lack of efficient treatment options contributes to the high mortality rate of EAC.

Effective and environmentally friendly recycling process designed for LiCoO cathode powders of spent Li-ion batteries using mixture of mild organic acids.

An effective and environmentally friendly recycling process designed for LiCoO cathode powders of spent Li-ion batteries using mixture of mild organic acids, citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA) and ascorbic acid (AA), to recover the metals. Almost complete dissolution of Li and nearly 90% dissolution of Co occurred in at 80 °C for 6 h. The reducing agent, ascorbic acid (AA), converts the dissolved Co(III) to Co(II) thereby selective recovery of Co as Co(II)-oxalate is possible.

Transitional basal cells at the squamous-columnar junction generate Barrett's oesophagus.

In several organ systems, the transitional zone between different types of epithelium is a hotspot for pre-neoplastic metaplasia and malignancy, but the cells of origin for these metaplastic epithelia and subsequent malignancies remain unknown. In the case of Barrett's oesophagus, intestinal metaplasia occurs at the gastro-oesophageal junction, where stratified squamous epithelium transitions into simple columnar cells. On the basis of a number of experimental models, several alternative cell types have been proposed as the source of this metaplasia but in all cases the evidence is inconclusive: no model completely mimics Barrett's oesophagus in terms of the presence of intestinal goblet cells.