Peritoneal adipose stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles mediate the regulation of ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration through EGFR-NF-κB signaling.

Peritoneal dissemination frequently develops in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) and is associated with recurrence and metastasis. However, the cellular components and mechanisms supporting OC peritoneal metastasis are poorly understood. To elucidate these, we utilized RNA sequencing to investigate the cellular composition and function.

Sodium bicarbonate potentiates the antitumor effects of Olaparib in ovarian cancer via cGMP/PKG-mediated ROS scavenging and M1 macrophage transformation.

The high metabolic requirements of cancer cells result in excess accumulation of H in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, the extracellular pH of solid tumors is acidic, whereas the pH of normal tissues is more alkaline. The acidic tumor environment is correlated with tumor metastasis, immune escape, and chemoresistance, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Pixantrone as a novel MCM2 inhibitor for ovarian cancer treatment.

Background: Mini-chromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) is a potential target for the development of cancer therapeutics. However, small molecule inhibitors targeting MCM2 need further investigation.

Methods: Molecular dynamics simulation was performed to identify active pockets in the MCM2 protein structure (6EYC).

Downregulation of HNRNPA1 induced neoantigen generation via regulating alternative splicing.

Background: Immunotherapies effectively treat human malignancies, but the low response and resistance are major obstacles. Neoantigen is an emerging target for tumor immunotherapy that can enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve immunotherapy. Aberrant alternative splicing is an important source of neoantigens.

IL-2-free tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy with PD-1 blockade demonstrates potent efficacy in advanced gynecologic cancer.

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has been restricted by intensive lymphodepletion and high-dose intravenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) administration. To address these limitations, we conducted preclinical and clinical studies to evaluate the safety, antitumor activity, and pharmacokinetics of an innovative modified regimen in patients with advanced gynecologic cancer.

Methods: Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were established from a local recurrent cervical cancer patient.

Umbilical cord blood-derived neutrophils possess higher viability than peripheral blood derived neutrophils.

Neutrophils, a primary type of immune cell, play critical roles in numerous biological processes. Both umbilical cord blood (UCB) and peripheral blood are rich in neutrophils. UCB is more abundant than peripheral blood, with cells generally at a more immature stage.

Senolytic drugs dasatinib and quercetin combined with Carboplatin or Olaparib reduced the peritoneal and adipose tissue metastasis of ovarian cancer.

Chemotherapy and targeted drugs-induced senescent ovarian cancer cells that accumulate in peritoneal adipose tissue contribute significantly to chronic inflammation, disrupt homeostasis, and may fuel various aspects of cancer progression. However, the pro-senescence effects of chemotherapy and targeted drugs on adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) within peritoneal adipose tissue remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that the first-line chemotherapy and targeted drugs can induce the cellular senescence of ADSCs in vitro and increase the aging of peritoneal adipose tissue in vivo.

Progesterone-induced progesterone receptor membrane component 1 rise-to-decline changes are essential for decidualization.

Background: Decidualization of endometrial cells is the prerequisite for embryo implantation and subsequent placenta formation and is induced by rising progesterone levels following ovulation. One of the hormone receptors contributing to endometrial homeostasis is Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1), a non-classical membrane-bound progesterone receptor with yet unclear function. In this study, we aimed to investigate how PGRMC1 contributes to human decidualization.

Expression of high-mobility group box-1 in eutopic/ectopic endometrium and correlations with inflammation-related factors in adenomyosis.

Objective: To investigate the expression of HMGB1 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in adenomyosis eutopic/ectopic endometrium.

Methods: Twenty patients with adenomyosis and 20 controls, all undergoing laparoscopy, were recruited from September 2015 to July 2016. Samples were collected from the endometrium without adenomyosis (CE), the eutopic endometrium with adenomyosis (EuE), and the ectopic endometrium with adenomyosis (EE).

Comprehensive analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network and key genes in granulosa cells of patients with biochemical primary ovarian insufficiency.

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common condition leading to the pathological decline of ovarian function in women of reproductive age, resulting in amenorrhea, hypogonadism, and infertility. Biochemical premature ovarian insufficiency (bPOI) is an intermediate stage in the pathogenesis of POI in which the fertility of patients has been reduced. Previous studies suggest that granulosa cells (GCs) play an essential role in the pathogenesis of POI, but their pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear.

Application of Minimally Invasive Surgery-Multidisciplinary Team in Advanced and Recurrent Gynecological Cancers: 10-Year Exploration and Practice.

Objectives: The treatment of advanced and recurrent gynecological cancers (ARGCs) remains more difficult evens. This assay aims to introduce the application of minimally invasive surgery-multidisciplinary team (MIS-MDT) as well as a comprehensive evaluation and treatment program of ARGC.

Materials And Methods: The diagnosis and treatment model of MDT collaboration has become a new model of clinical cancer treatment.

MUC16 stimulates neutrophils to an inflammatory and immunosuppressive phenotype in ovarian cancer.

Background: MUC16 (CA125) is a commonly used tumor marker for ovarian cancer screening and reported to be an immunosuppressive factor by acting on the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-9 (Siglec-9) on the surface of natural killer cells (NK cells), B cells, and monocytes. However, the role of MUC16 on neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment remains to be further explored.

Methods: The correlation between the proportion and count of peripheral blood cells, serum inflammatory-related factors and serum MUC16 (CA125) level in patients was constructed based on clinical samples.

Identification of TRPM2 as a prognostic factor correlated with immune infiltration in ovarian cancer.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecologic malignant cancers with the current survival rate remaining low. TRPM2 has been reported as a survival predictor in various cancers but not in OC. The aim of this study is to explore the role and its underlying mechanism of TRPM2 in OC.

Early Gestational Blood Markers to Predict Preeclampsia Complicating Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are common pregnancy complications that share some common risk factors. GDM patients are also at high risk for PE. There are no sensitive markers for prediction, especially for the occurrence of PE in GDM patients.

Sohlh1 and Lhx8 are prominent biomarkers to estimate the primordial follicle pool in mice.

Efficient evaluation of the primordial follicle pool (PFP) of mammalian models is an essential subject in biomedical research relating to ovarian physiology and pathogenesis. Our recent study has identified a gene signature including Sohlh1, Nobox, Lhx8, Tbpl2, Stk31, Padi6, and Vrtn strongly correlated with ovarian reserve by using bioinformatics analysis. Aimed to investigate the validity of these candidate biomarkers for evaluating the PFP, we utilized an OR comparison model to decode the relationship between the numbers of PFP and candidate biomarkers in the present study.

Adipose-derived stem cells promote the repair of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure by inhibiting granulosa cells apoptosis and senescence.

Background: Chemotherapeutic drugs, particularly alkylating cytotoxics such as cyclophosphamide (CTX), play an important role to induce premature ovarian failure (POF). Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a widely used treatment to improve hormone secretion. However, the long-term HRT increases the risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease are attracting concerns.

Novel CoO@TiO@CdS@Au double-shelled nanocage for high-efficient photocatalysis removal of U(VI): Roles of spatial charges separation and photothermal effect.

Effective spatial separation and utilization of photogenerated charges are critical for photocatalysis process. Herein, novel CoO @TiO @CdS@Au double-shelled nanocage (CTCA) with spatially separated redox centers was synthesized by loading CoO and Au NP cocatalysts on the inner and outer surfaces of Z-scheme heterojunction (TiO @CdS). The reduction rate constant of U(VI) by CTCA reached 0.

Identification of an Autophagy-Related Signature for Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response Prediction in Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most malignant tumors in the female reproductive system, with a poor prognosis. Various responses to treatments including chemotherapy and immunotherapy are observed among patients due to their individual characteristics. Applicable prognostic markers could make it easier to refine risk stratification for OC patients.

Pan-cancer integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals cuproptosis related gene FDX1 is a potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker for lower-grade gliomas.

FDX1 participates in cuproptosis, a copper-dependent cell death mode, which might influence tumor progressions like ferroptosis and pyroptosis. However, the role of FDX1 in tumors remains to be explored. This study investigated FDX1 expression features, and correlations to prognosis, tumor stages, immune microenvironment, and cuproptosis from a pan-cancer perspective based on integrated bioinformatics.

Comprehensive Analysis Reveals Distinct Immunological and Prognostic Characteristics of CD276/B7-H3 in Pan-Cancer.

Background: CD276 (also known as B7-H3), a newly discovered immunoregulatory protein that belongs to the B7 family, is a significant and attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. Existing evidence demonstrates its pivotal role in the tumorigenesis of some cancers. However, there still lacks a systematic and comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of the role of CD276 in tumor immunology and prognosis.

Repressing IRS1/2 by NT157 inhibits the malignant behaviors of ovarian cancer through inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and inducing autophagy.

Insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS1/2) have been found involved in many cancers development and their inhibitors exert significant tumor-suppressive effects. Here, we tried to explore the function of NT157, an IGF1R-IRS1/2 inhibitor, in ovarian cancer. We treated ovarian cancer cells with varying doses of NT157.

Case report: Olaparib as an experimental therapy in a BRCA2-mutated patient with metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma that originated from liver cancer.

Secondary ovarian tumor [secondary tumor of the ovary (STO)] is not a frequent disease. To date, there is still a lack of standard treatment for STO due to the relative heterogeneity. Liver cancer metastasis to the ovary is extremely rare, with only 17 living cases having been reported so far, making it impossible to launch large-scale prospective studies and formulate the standard intervention for patients.

A Rare Secondary Dysmenorrhea Resulted from Separation of Corpus Uteri from Cervix: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Secondary dysmenorrhea is a pain associated with disease such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, leiomyomas, and interstitial cystitis. Treatment of secondary dysmenorrhea always focuses on the causative pelvic pathology or medical condition. Here, we found a rare case with secondary dysmenorrhea that resulted from traumatic separation of the uterine corpus from the cervix.

MCM2 in human cancer: functions, mechanisms, and clinical significance.

Background: Aberrant DNA replication is the main source of genomic instability that leads to tumorigenesis and progression. MCM2, a core subunit of eukaryotic helicase, plays a vital role in DNA replication. The dysfunction of MCM2 results in the occurrence and progression of multiple cancers through impairing DNA replication and cell proliferation.