Impact of Herpesvirus Detection via Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of herpesvirus detection by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) on lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) patients' lung microbiome composition and prognosis.

Patients And Methods: We initially enrolled 234 hospitalized patients with LRTIs who underwent BALF mNGS between February 2022 and May 2023. The study analyzed the clinical manifestations and the pulmonary microbial composition between herpesvirus detection (HD) and non-herpesvirus detection (non-HD) group.

Proton pump inhibitor treatment improves pulmonary function in acute exacerbations of COPD patients with 24-hour Dx-pH monitoring-diagnosed laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have higher laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)-related symptom incidence. But LPR treatment is empirical. We aimed to determine the frequency of LPR, diagnosed by 24-hour Dx-pH monitoring, among acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) patients with Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) ≥13 and investigate proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment effect on LPR, COPD symptoms, and pulmonary function.

Overexpression of RNF187 induces cell EMT and apoptosis resistance in NSCLC.

Overexpression of RING finger protein 187 (RNF187) was recently revealed to be a driver of several cancers. However, the expression and function of RNF187 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unknown. Here, we uncovered that RNF187 expression was significantly higher in NSCLC samples than in matched normal lung samples at both the messenger RNA (3.

Quantitative analysis of pathogens in the lower respiratory tract of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract is believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). This study investigates the potential relationship between AECOPD and the load of six common bacterial pathogens in the lower respiratory tract using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in COPD patients.

Methods: Protected specimen brush (PSB) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from the lower respiratory tract of 66 COPD patients and 33 healthy subjects were collected by bronchoscopy.

[Th17 and Treg cell levels in patients with sarcoidosis and their relation to disease activation].

Objective: To investigate the Th17 cell and Treg cell levels in patients with sarcoidosis, and their relation to disease activation and glucocorticoids treatment.

Methods: Twenty-three sarcoidosis patients admitted in Yinzhou People's Hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 and 25 healthy subjects (controls) were included in this study. The blood samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected in all patients before and after glucocorticoids treatment.

miR-27a regulates cisplatin resistance and metastasis by targeting RKIP in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as important posttranscriptional regulators involved in various biological and pathological processes of cells, but their association with tumor chemoresistance has not been fully understood.

Methods: We detected miR-27a expression in two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 and A549/CDDP, and then investigated the effects of miR-27a on the metastasis and the chemosensitivity of cancer cells, using both gain- and loss-of-function studies. The correlation between miR-27a level and chemoresistance was further investigated in clinical lung adenocarcinoma specimens.

miR-134 inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting FOXM1 in non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Recent studies have implied that miRNAs act as crucial modulators for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We found that miR-134 expression correlated with invasive potential and EMT phenotype of NSCLC cells. Functional assays demonstrated that miR-134 inhibited EMT in NSCLC cells.

High-altitude pulmonary edema is associated with coagulation and fibrinolytic abnormalities.

Objectives: High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) can develop in unacclimatized persons after acute ascent to high altitude and is associated with fibrinolytic and coagulation abnormalities. The authors investigated whether fibrinolytic and coagulation abnormalities were associated with the severity of HAPE.

Methods: Sixty-one patients who developed HAPE after acute ascent to altitudes above 3600 m were recruited.

Incidence of high altitude illnesses among unacclimatized persons who acutely ascended to Tibet.

High altitude illnesses pose health threats to unwary travelers after their acute ascent to high altitude locations. The incidence of high altitude illnesses among unacclimatized persons who acutely ascend to Tibet has not been previously reported. In the present study, we surveyed the incidence of high altitude illness among 3628 unacclimatized persons who had no previous high altitude experience and who traveled to Tibet by air to an altitude of 3600 m.

[Changes of plasma fibrinolysis system and the effect of captopril in high altitude pulmonary edema].

Objective: To investigate the changes of plasma fibrinolysis system and the effect of captopril in patients with high altitude pulmonary edema.

Methods: The plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured before and after treatment in the captopril-group (group A, 35 cases) and the routine-group (group B, 37 cases) of patients with HAPE, while 20 healthy volunteers served as the control (group C).

Results: The plasma level of tPA was (0.

Tibetan patients with essential hypertension caused by underlying oxidative metabolism dysfunction and depressed nitric oxide synthesis.

Objective: To assess the role of oxidative metabolism and nitric oxide synthesis for elucidating their pathophysiological mechanisms in a Tibetan patient with essential hypertension.

Methods: The serum levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were assayed in sixty native Tibetans (thirty hypertensive patients and thirty healthy volunteers as control).

Results: The levels of T-SOD, T-AOC, NO and NOS were significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (P < 0.

[Changes of antioxidative capacity and endothelial function before and after treatment among patients with high altitude pulmonary edema].

Objective: To investigate the changes of antioxidative capacity and endothelial function among patients with high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE).

Methods: The serum levels of SOD, MDA, GSH, NO, NOS and ET-1 were measured before and after treatment among 34 cases of patients with HAPE, and 20 local healthy volunteers served as control.

Results: The serum levels of SOD, GSH, NO and NOS were lower in patient-group before treatment than after treatment and those in control-group significantly (P < 0.