Emodin relieves morphine-stimulated BV2 microglial activation and inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

The objective of this study is to disclose the role of emodin, a natural anthraquinone derivative that has been proposed to suppress microglial activation and inflammation, in morphine tolerance. Here, cell counting kit-8 method assayed the viability of BV2 microglial cells treated by ascending concentrations of emodin. In emodin-pretreated BV2 microglial cells challenged with morphine with or without transfection of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression plasmids, transwell assay measured cell migration.

The Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Uses of (Franch.) T.N.Ho and S.W.Liu, an Ethnomedicine in Southwest China.

(Franch.) T.N.