[Corrigendum] PRIMA‑1 induces autophagy in colorectal cancer cells through upregulation of the mTOR/AMPK‑ULK1‑Vps34 signaling cascade.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors contacted the Editorial Office to explain that the strips of β‑actin, LC3 and p62 proteins of the RKO cell line shown in Fig. 2A and B, and those of the SW620 cell line shown in Fig. 3A and B, were assembled in these figures incorrectly.

Repurposing the Pentameric B-Subunit of Shiga Toxin for Gb3-Targeted Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer by Rhamnose Conjugation.

Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3 or CD77) is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen implicated in several types of cancer that serves as a potential cancer marker for developing target-specific diagnosis and therapy. However, the development of Gb3-targeted therapeutics has been challenging due to its carbohydrate nature. In the present work, taking advantage of its natural pentamer architecture and Gb3-specific targeting of shiga toxin B subunit (StxB), we constructed a pentameric antibody recruiting chimera by site-specifically conjugating StxB with the rhamnose hapten for immunotherapy of colorectal cancer.

Role of TRIM22 in ulcerative colitis and its underlying mechanisms.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic recurrent inflammatory disease, which seriously threatens human life and health. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the role of tripartite motif‑containing (TRIM)22 in UC and its potential mechanism. C57BL/6 mice and HT‑29 cell models of UC were constructed using 2% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS).

RIP3 knockdown inhibits necroptosis of human intestinal epithelial cells via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling and ameliorates murine colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory bowel disease, during which cell necroptosis plays key roles in driving inflammation initiation and aggravation. Previous studies reported Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 3 (RIP3)-mediated necroptosis in multiple diseases, and RIP3 protein in Paneth cells significantly enriched in the intestines of both humans and mice. Therefore, we hypothesized targeting RIP3 to inhibit necroptosis may depress UC.

Nanobody-Based Bispecific Neutralizer for Shiga Toxin-Producing .

Currently, no specific therapeutics are available for foodborne Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) infections that cause severe gastroenteritis and life-threatening complications of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). As STEC attachment to intestinal epithelium might increase the host absorption of Shiga toxins and severity of the disease, we were inspired to develop a bispecific neutralizer capable of blocking its Shiga toxin and adhesin intimin simultaneously. Two nanobodies against the B subunit of Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2B) and the C terminus of Intimin (IntC280) were genetically fused together as the bispecific neutralizer, and it can be efficiently produced in a conventional expression system.

Dinitrophenol-mediated modulation of an anti-PD-L1 VHH for Fc-dependent effector functions and prolonged serum half-life.

Single-domain antibodies, VHHs or nanobodies, represent a promising set of alternatives to conventional therapeutic antibodies, gaining substantial attention in the field of cancer immunotherapy. However, inherent drawbacks of nanobodies such as fast clearance from blood circulation and lack of immune effector functions often led to unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. We previously reported that dinitrophenyl modification of an anti-EGFR VHH conferred Fc-dependent immune effector functions and elongated serum half-life on it through recruiting of hapten antibodies, resulting in improved immunotherapy efficacy in vivo.

PRIMA‑1 induces autophagy in colorectal cancer cells through upregulation of the mTOR/AMPK‑ULK1‑Vps34 signaling cascade.

p53‑reactivation and induction of massive apoptosis‑1, APR‑017 methylated (PRIMA‑1; APR246) targets mutant p53 to restore its wild‑type structure and function. It was previously demonstrated that PRIMA‑1 effectively inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in a p53‑independent manner, and distinctly induced apoptosis by upregulating Noxa in p53‑mutant cell lines. The present study including experiments of western blotting, acridine orange staining and transmission electron microscopy revealed that PRIMA‑1 induced autophagy in CRC cells independently of p53 status.

Water oxidation catalyzed by a charge-neutral mononuclear ruthenium(iii) complex.

A new charge-neutral Ru(iii) complex RuL(pic) (1) (H3L = 3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazole-1,8-dicarboxylic acid, pic = 4-picoline) was synthesized and fully characterized. This complex promoted chemical and photochemical water oxidation efficiently with turnover frequencies of 0.28 s and 5 min, respectively.

Analysis of the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) and inflammatory bowel disease in a Chinese Han cohort.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, complex genetic disease with rapidly increasing prevalence in China. The interactions of genetic, environmental, and microbial factors contribute to the development of IBD, however, the precise etiologies of IBD are not well understood yet. Interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) encodes a subunit of receptor for IL-23, which is an important proinflammatory cytokine.

Efficient molecular ruthenium catalysts containing anionic ligands for water oxidation.

Two new mononuclear Ru complexes Ru(bipa)(pic) (1; Hbipa = 6-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)picolinic acid, pic = 4-picoline) and Ru(pbic)(pic) (2; Hpbic = 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylic acid, pic = 4-picoline) based on anionic ligands were successfully synthesized, and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. These catalysts showed high activities and stabilities in water oxidation in homogeneous systems with a high turnover number of 2100 and a turnover frequency of 0.21 s for complex 1.

Artemisinin derivative artesunate induces radiosensitivity in cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Objective: Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer in women worldwide and radiotherapy remains its predominant therapeutic treatment. Artesunate (ART), a derivative of artemisinin, has shown radiosensitization effect in previous studies. However, such effects of ART have not yet been revealed for cervical cancer cells.

Visible light driven water splitting in a molecular device with unprecedentedly high photocurrent density.

A molecular water oxidation catalyst (2) has been synthesized and immobilized together with a molecular photosensitizer (1) on nanostructured TiO2 particles on FTO conducting glass, forming a photoactive anode (TiO2(1+2)). By using the TiO2(1+2) as working electrode in a three-electrode photoelectrochemical cell (PEC), visible light driven water splitting has been successfully demonstrated in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8), with oxygen and hydrogen bubbles evolved respectively from the working electrode and counter electrode.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide promotes gut barrier function against severe acute pancreatitis.

To explore the influence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the gut barrier function in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Fifty four SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operated (SO) group, SAP group and VIP intervention group. Each group was further divided into three time points: 1, 6 and 12 h after operation with 6 rats for each treatment point.