Design and development of two-dimensional ultrasonic horn with B-spline curve based on orthogonal method.

The ultrasonic horn is the core component in ultrasonic-assisted micro-injection molding (UμIM). UμIM is a complex process with high temperature, high pressure, and high speed, and it is required that the ultrasonic horn should have a reliable performance to ensure the stability of its work. Therefore, the design of the ultrasonic horn is of great significance.

Multi-tip indenter tool scratch behavior of glass-ceramics.

To reduce the surface flaws and subsurface damages of glass-ceramics as clinical substitute and repair materials, it is necessary to clarify the material removal behaviors and crack propagation modes in the grinding process. In this paper, a multi-tip indenter tool was fabricated and assembled on a Nanomechanical testing system. The experiments of ramp load scratching with the single-tip/multi-tip indenter tools were conducted on glass-ceramics to compare the material removal behavior under different scratch methods.

The Improvement Effect and Mechanism of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Vibration on the Injection Molding Quality of a Polymeric Micro-Needle Array.

A polymeric micro-needle array with high quality has been fabricated using a longitudinal ultrasonic-assisted micro-injection molding (LUμIM) method. To realize the practicability and stability in actual industrial processing, this paper is aimed at studying the improvement mechanism of ultrasonic vibration on the molding quality. The melt-filling process in the micro-needle array cavity is simulated, and the improvement effect of ultrasonic vibration is discussed.

Nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate reduce oral bacteria adherence and biofilm formation on human enamel surface.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of CMC/ACP on oral bacteria adherence and biofilm formation on the enamel surface as well as the underlying mechanism to determine the anti-cariogenic potential of CMC/ACP.

Methods: A mineral solution of CMC/ACP was characterised by transmission electron microscope. The bactericidal activity of CMC/ACP was evaluated with the plate count method.

Nanogels of carboxymethyl chitosan and lysozyme encapsulated amorphous calcium phosphate to occlude dentinal tubules.

This study aimed to develop of a rapid and effective method to occlude dentinal tubules using carboxymethyl chitosan and lysozyme (CMC/LYZ) nanogels with encapsulated amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) based on the transformation of ACP to HAP. In this work, CMC/LYZ was used to stabilize ACP and form CMC/LYZ-ACP nanogels, and then the nanogel-encapsulated ACP was applied to exposed dentinal tubule surfaces. The morphology of the nanogels was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Rapid biomimetic remineralization of the demineralized enamel surface using nano-particles of amorphous calcium phosphate guided by chimaeric peptides.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a rapid and effective method to remineralize human carious-like enamel using chimaeric peptide-mediated nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP), mimicking the mineralizing pattern of the oriented assembly of ACP guided by amelogenin in the biomineralization of enamel.

Methods: CMC/ACP nanocomplex solution was first synthesized through the successive addition of carboxymethyl chitosan, calcium chloride, and dipotassium phosphate into distilled water. ACP nanoparticles were degraded by 1% NaClO from CMC/ACP nanocomplexes.

Crack propagation and the material removal mechanism of glass-ceramics by the scratch test.

To eliminate the negative effects of surface flaws and subsurface damage of glass-ceramics on clinical effectiveness, crack propagation and the material removal mechanism of glass-ceramics were studied by single and double scratch experiments conducted using an ultra-precision machine. A self-manufactured pyramid shaped single-grit tool with a small tip radius was used as the scratch tool. The surface and subsurface crack propagations and interactions, surface morphology and material removal mechanism were investigated.

Investigation of micro-injection molding based on longitudinal ultrasonic vibration core.

An ultrasound-assisted micro-injection molding method is proposed to improve the rheological behavior of the polymer melt radically, and a micro-injection molding system based on a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration core is developed and employed in the micro-injection molding process of Fresnel lenses. The verification experiments show that the filling mold area of the polymer melt is increased by 6.08% to 19.

Aberrations measurement of freeform spectacle lenses based on Hartmann wavefront technology.

Freeform spectacle lenses have been popularized in the past few years. Traditional evaluation methods only focused on the refractive power parameters. The inspection technology of wavefront aberration has been introduced to optometry.

Mathematical description and measurement of refractive parameters of freeform spectacle lenses.

Refractive parameters are the main design and evaluation parameters of freeform spectacle lenses. In this paper, the mathematical model of refractive parameters is established, and the refractive power distribution on the whole surface is drawn with a radial basis function. The measurement methods are analyzed, and typical freeform spectacle lenses are measured with a freeform verifier.