Revealing mechanisms of high protein accumulation in Graesiella emersonii WBG-1 under heterotrophic condition.

Low protein content under heterotrophic conditions limits the industrial production of proteins by microalgae. In this study, Graesiella emersonii WBG-1 efficiently synthesized and accumulated proteins (64.03%) under heterotrophic conditions, distinguishing it from other microalgae.

Engineered virus-mimicking nanovaccine with lymph node-tumor dual-targeting and STING-activating capacity for robust cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer vaccines have garnered considerable interest for cancer immunotherapy. However, their effectiveness is limited by inadequate proliferation, activation, and tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Inspired by the potent immunostimulatory properties of viral components and the exposure of calreticulin during immunogenic cell death (ICD) triggered by viral infections; in this study, we describe cGAMP@vEVs, a virus-mimicking nanovaccine strategy by engineering tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles through virus infection, which co-load both personalized and broad antigen repertoire as well as multiple immune adjuvants to potently elicit antitumor immunity.

The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in adult carbapenem-resistant infection: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Systemic inflammatory indicators such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can effectively predict the prognosis of various inflammatory diseases. However, its prognostic effect on patients with carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) infection is little known. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for mortality associated with CRKP infection and the clinical value of NLR in predicting prognosis in these patients.

Precipitated-crosslinked multi-enzyme hybrid nanoflowers for efficient synthesis of α-ketoglutaric acid.

Cascade catalysis of glutamate oxidase (GLOX) and catalase (CAT) to perform one-pot synthetic route for α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) production offers several advantages including simplicity of operation and the generation of few reaction by-products. Nevertheless, the instability of free GLOX and CAT, the high production cost and the difficulty of recycling severely limits its industrial utilisation. Here, catalase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers were first prepared, and cross-linked with GLOX precipitates by a macromolecular cross-linking agent dextran polyaldehyde to form a novel dual enzyme precipitation-cross-linking hybrid nanoflower (GLOX@CAT-HNFs).

Understanding the role of in atopic dermatitis: strain diversity, microevolution, and prophage influences.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, skin barrier dysfunction, and microbial dysbiosis, with playing a significant role in its pathogenesis. This paper explores the strain diversity and microevolution of within AD patients, emphasizing how specific strains adapt to the altered skin environment, exacerbating the condition. The review emphasizes the significance of variation in specific functional genes among strains, which enhances their ability to adapt to different microenvironments and shapes their pathogenic potential.

The comparison of the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults along the three provinces of the Lancang-Mekong River countries-China, Laos and Cambodia.

Background: Under the background of similar geography and culture in Lancang-Mekong countries and rapid changes in the regional economy and lifestyle, this study aimed to describe and compare the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and assess the hypertension care cascade in three provinces of China, Laos, and Cambodia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2023 in the three provinces of Lancang-Mekong River countries using consistent investigative procedures. We included 11,005 participants aged ≥ 18 years from three provinces, and data were collected through questionnaires, physical examinations, and biochemical tests.

P-d Correlation-Determined Charge Order Stiffness and Corresponding Quantum Melting in Monolayer 1T-TiSe.

1T-TiSe, a promising candidate of the sought-after excitonic insulator, possesses an enigmatic charge density wave (CDW) order of which the microscopic origin is formidable to settle owing to the chicken-and-egg entanglement between the electron and lattice degrees of freedom. Its CDW experiences an intriguing but elusive quantum melting and eventually enters the superconducting phase under metal intercalation, suggesting the possible role of melted-order fluctuation in gluing the electron paring. Employing the spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscope (STM), we access the pure electronic behavior by visualizing the CDW melting process of monolayer 1T-TiSe in both the space and energy-band dimensions.

Monitoring the Cascade of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages to Influenza Virus Infection in Human Alveolus Chips.

Respiratory viruses ravage the world and seriously threaten people's health. Despite intense research efforts, the immune mechanism underlying respiratory virus-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has not been fully elucidated. Here, the cascade of monocyte-derived macrophages to influenza A virus infection is monitored on an optimized human alveolus chip to reveal the role of macrophages in the development of ALI and PF.

Manipulative Single Electric Dipole with Spontaneous Translational Symmetry Breaking in a Two-Dimensional Crystal.

It is widely acknowledged that quantum entities with minimal mass cannot undergo spontaneous symmetry breaking due to strong quantum fluctuations. Here, we report the discovery of a positionally settled single electric dipole that can be manipulated and electrically polarized in a monolayer CoCl-graphite heterostructure, which demonstrates an unprecedented example of spontaneous lattice-translational-symmetry breaking. Scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy show that the solitons are intrinsic paraelectric dipoles driven by synchronous charge-lattice distortion around individual CoCl octahedrons.

Continual Learning With Knowledge Distillation: A Survey.

The foremost challenge in continual learning is to mitigate catastrophic forgetting, allowing a model to retain knowledge of previous tasks while learning new tasks. Knowledge distillation (KD), a form of regularization, has gained significant attention for its ability to maintain a model's performance on previous tasks by mimicking the outputs of earlier models during the learning of new tasks, thus reducing forgetting. This article offers a comprehensive survey of continual learning methods employing KD within the realm of image classification.

In Vivo Quantification of Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Wall Stretch Using MRI: Relationship to Repair Threshold Diameter and Ex Vivo Wall Failure Behavior.

Ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAAs) can lead to life-threatening dissection and rupture. Recent studies have highlighted aTAA mechanical properties as relevant factors associated with progression. The aim of this study was to quantify in vivo aortic wall stretch in healthy participants and aTAA patients using displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) magnetic resonance imaging.

Genomic and functional divergence of strains from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals: insights from global and local scales.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide and is characterized by a complex interplay with skin microbiota, with often abnormally more abundant in AD patients than in healthy individuals (HE). harbors diverse strains with varied genetic compositions and functionalities, which exhibit differential connections with the severity of AD. However, the differences in strains between AD and HE remain unclear, with most variations seen at a specific geographic level, implying spontaneous adaptations rather than systematic distinctions.

Dietary human milk oligosaccharides reduce allergic airway inflammation by modulating SCFAs level and ILC2 activity.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a crucial role in the progression of asthma, yet the regulatory mechanisms modulating ILC2 responses in asthma remain underexplored. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), vital non-nutritive components of breast milk, are known to significantly shape immune system development and influence the incidence of allergic diseases. However, their impact on ILC2-driven asthma is not fully understood.

Green and efficient synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamides and ureas with cyanamide as a block.

A method for the two-step synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamide and dibenzyl urea cyanamide is presented. This approach is both efficient and environmentally friendly. Various ,-dibenzyl ureas could be obtained by reactions of ,-dibenzyl cyanamides and ,-dibenzyl cyanamides as intermediates formed from cyanamide.

Distinct prophage gene profiles of strains from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy individuals.

Unlabelled: strains exhibit varying associations with atopic dermatitis (AD), but the genetic determinants underpinning the pathogenicity are yet to be fully characterized. To reveal the genetic differences between strains from AD patients and healthy individuals (HE), we developed and employed a random forest classifier to identify potential marker genes responsible for their phenotypic variations. The classifier was able to effectively distinguish strains from AD and HE.

Application of whole exome sequencing in carrier screening for high-risk families without probands.

Purpose: This study aimed to screen the genetic etiology for the high-risk families including those with an adverse pregnancy history, a history of consanguineous marriages, or a history of genetic diseases, but lack of proband via whole exome sequencing (WES).

Methods: 128 individuals from high-risk family were tested by WES. The candidate variants were analyzed according to the ACMG criteria to screen the potential carriers.

Elastic Polyurethane as Stress-Redistribution-Adhesive-Layer (SRAL) for Directly Integrated High-Energy-Density Flexible Batteries.

The low mechanical reliability and integration failure are key challenges hindering the commercialization of geometrically flexible batteries. This work proposes that the failure of directly integrating flexible batteries using traditional rigid adhesives is primarily due to the mismatch between the generated stress at the adhesive/substrate interface, and the maximum allowable stress. Accordingly, a stress redistribution adhesive layer (SRAL) strategy is conceived by using elastic adhesive to redistribute the generated stress.

Realizing Lean-Leachate Recycling of Spent Lithium Nickel Oxides by Dynamically Stabilizing the Hole-Mediated Diffusion Kinetics.

While hydrometallurgy is the primary technology for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries due to various advantages, it still involves substantial consumption of chemical reagents and poses challenges in wastewater emission. Herein, we report the realization of cathode recycling under lean-leachate conditions by dynamically stabilizing hole-mediated diffusion kinetics, which is enabled by synchronizing the extraction step during the leaching stage, thus continuously removing the dissolved ions out of the leachate. Theoretical molecular dynamics simulations predict that preventing the accumulation of the dissolved ions is efficient for keeping the leaching process proceeding.

Atomic-scale visualization of the interlayer Rydberg exciton complex in moiré heterostructures.

Excitonic systems, facilitated by optical pumping, electrostatic gating or magnetic field, sustain composite particles with fascinating physics. Although various intriguing excitonic phases have been revealed via global measurements, the atomic-scale accessibility towards excitons has yet to be established. Here, we realize the ground-state interlayer exciton complexes through the intrinsic charge transfer in monolayer YbCl/graphite heterostructure.

Molecular simulations guide immobilization of lipase on nest-like ZIFs with regulatable hydrophilic/hydrophobic surface.

The catalytic performance of immobilized lipase is greatly influenced by functional support, which attracts growing interest for designing supports to achieve their promotive catalytic activity. Many lipases bind strongly to hydrophobic surfaces where they undergo interfacial activation. Herein, the behavioral differences of lipases with distinct lid structures on interfaces of varying hydrophobicity levels were firstly investigated by molecular simulations.

Height and body surface area versus wall stress for stratification of mid-term outcomes in ascending aortic aneurysm.

Objectives: Current diameter-based guidelines for ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAA) do not consistently predict risk of dissection/rupture. ATAA wall stresses may enhance risk stratification independent of diameter. The relation of wall stresses and diameter indexed to height and body surface area (BSA) is unknown.