Safety and effectiveness of apatinib in patients with previously treated metastatic gastric cancer: a sub-analysis from the real-world study of apatinib for gastric cancer treatment (AHEAD-G202).

Apatinib, a VEGFR2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, showed survival benefits in Asian patients with heavily pretreated advanced gastric cancer. However, the adverse event (AEs) profile of apatinib has limited its use. Dosing schedules are used to alleviate toxicities despite no supportive evidence.

[Mutations of EGFR gene and EML4-ALK fusion gene in superficial lymph node of non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To explore the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) fusion gene and microtubule associated protein like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene in superficial lymph nodes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: The technique of fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) was employed for detecting the mutation rate of EGFR gene and EML4-ALK fusion gene for 40 cases of superficial lymph node tissue of NSCLC inpatients at General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA Command from February 2013 to November 2014. And then the correlations were analyzed between EMIA-ALK fusion gene and EGFR gene with clinical features and the clinical efficacies of targeted therapy.

Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of invasive ductal breast carcinomas in the Chinese population.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Chinese women. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic alterations that occur in breast cancer cells in Chinese women. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis was performed on 34 tumors obtained from patients with primary invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC).

Evaluation of α-fetoprotein-L3 and Golgi protein 73 detection in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common throughout the world. Most HCCs are diagnosed at an advanced stage. There is an urgent need to find new methods for screening and surveillance of individuals at risk for HCC.

[Adrenomedullin inhibits TGF-β1-induced procollagen expression in cultured human fetal lung fibroblasts via Smad2/3 pathway].

Objective: To observe the effects of adrenomedullin (AM) on transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1) induced the expression of procollagen type 1 alpha 1 (Col1α1) and procollagen type 3 alpha 1 (Col3α1) as well as Smad2/3 phosphorylation in human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFLFs).

Methods: Primary HFLFs were cultured in vitro. After treated with TGF-β1 and/or AM, the expression levels of Col1α1 and Col3α1 mRNA were determined by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and phospho-Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) protein levels in HFLFs were measured by Western blotting.

A multicentre randomised trial comparing weekly paclitaxel + S-1 with weekly paclitaxel + 5-fluorouracil for patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of weekly paclitaxel plus S-1 with weekly paclitaxel plus 5-fluorouracil in treating advanced gastric cancer as first line regimen. The primary end-point was disease control rate (DCR).

Methods: Patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer were randomly assigned to an experimental arm or a control arm.

Safety analysis of weekly paclitaxel plus S-1 versus paclitaxel plus 5-fluorouracil/calcium folinate as first-line therapy in advanced gastric cancer: a multicenter open random phase II trial.

Purpose: To report the results of a safety analysis from a phase II trial comparing administration of weekly paclitaxel plus S-1 (TS) versus paclitaxel plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/calcium folinate (LV) (TLF) as first-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: Patients (n = 240) with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer were randomly assigned to receive either TS or TLF in a 28-day cycle for six cycles.

Results: The clinical features of both sets of patients were similar, with the exception of the incidence of prior chemotherapy (P>0·05).

[A phase II prospective randomized controlled trial of weekly paclitaxel combined with S-1 or fluorouracil for advanced gastric carcinoma].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel combined with S-1 or fluorouracil in the first line treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.

Methods: Two hundred and forty patients with untreated advanced gastric carcinoma were randomized into two arms, patients in the experimental arm were given paclitaxel and S-1, while those in the control arm received paclitaxel and fluorouracil. The regimen of experimental arm was paclitaxel 60 mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion, day 1, 8, 15; S-1 80 - 120 mg/day given by oral administration, day 1 - 14.

Synergistic effect of retinoic acid and vitamin D analog EB1089-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular cancer cells.

Previous report showed that leukemia cells' differentiation could be induced by retinoic acid (RA), and prostate cancer cells' proliferation could be inhibited by Vitamin D or its analog. This study aimed to examine whether RA and vitamin D analog EB1089 have synergistic effect on hepatocellular cancer cells' apoptosis. The hepatocellular cancer cell lines' viability was determined by MTT method after treating by RA and EB1089 alone or in combination, cell cycle of SSMC-7721 cell analyzed by FACS, mitochondrial membrane potential of SSMC-7721 under different treatments were detected using MitoTracker Red CMXRos.

Involvement of melatonin in autophagy-mediated mouse hepatoma H22 cell survival.

The role of autophagy in cancer is controversial. Melatonin has been linked to several aspects of cancer progression and also to regulation of autophagy. Whether melatonin is involved in an autophagy-induced tumor suppressor mechanism or a cyto-protective mechanism is unknown.

The antifibrosis effect of adrenomedullin in human lung fibroblasts.

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a regulatory peptide involved in cellular proliferation and protein synthesis. The authors investigated AM and the AM receptor system in the human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFLFs), and assessed whether AM can inhibit proliferation and collagen synthesis in HFLFs under hypoxia. Fibroblasts were exposed to hypoxia (2% O(2)) after the addition of AM.

[Effect of vaginal administration of controlled-release oxycodone on cancer pain].

Background And Objective: Controlled-release oxycodone is an orally administered strong opioid analgesic for moderate to severe cancer pain. Sometimes, its oral administration has to be stopped because of continuous nausea, vomiting, conscious disturbance, or inability to swallow. This study was to investigate analgesic effect of vaginal administration of controlled-release oxycodone on cancer pain and observe adverse events to provide a new choice for female patients who can not tolerate the adverse events caused by oral administration.

A new modified dura mater implant: characteristics in recipient dogs.

Duraplasty is critical to the maintenance of anatomical integrity and the protection of brain tissue. Allotransplantation of cadaveric dura mater was abandoned after it was found to transmit Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). In this study, the usefulness of a xenogeneic dura mater for dural reconstruction was tested.

[Changes of pulmonary tissue area density and their mechanisms in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].

Objective: To investigate the changes of pulmonary tissue area density and their mechanisms in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH).

Methods: 54 Wistar rats were divided into hypoxia 10 d (n = 12), 20 d (n = 12), 30 d (n = 12) groups and control group (n = 18). The rats in hypoxia groups were exposed to a simulated hypoxia environment at a height of 5 km above sea level to establish HPH models.