Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of incomplete Kawasaki disease in children in China.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pyretic ailment predominantly observed in children aged below 5 years. There is currently a dearth of precise markers for timely identification of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). It is imperative to develop updated, comprehensive, and evidence-based guidelines to effectively direct clinical practice.

[Diagnosis and treatment of incomplete Kawasaki disease in children].

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a febrile disease mainly observed in children aged <5 years, with medium- and small-vessel vasculitis as the main lesion. Although KD has been reported for more than 50 years and great progress has been made in the etiology and pathology of KD in recent years, there is still a lack of specific indicators for the early diagnosis of KD, especially with more difficulties in the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). At present, there are no clear diagnostic criteria for IKD, which leads to the failure of the timely identification and standardized treatment of IKD in clinical practice and even induce the development of coronary artery lesion.

[Association of liver damage with coronary artery lesion and no response to intravenous immunoglobulin in the acute stage of Kawasaki disease].

Objectives: To summarize the clinical features of liver damage in children in the acute stage of Kawasaki disease (KD), and to investigate the clinical value of liver damage in predicting coronary artery lesion and no response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with KD.

Methods: The medical data were collected from 925 children who were diagnosed with KD for the first time in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. According to the presence or absence of abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level on admission, the children were divided into a liver damage group (=284) and a non-liver damage group (=641).

Familial Interstitial Lung Disease Caused by Mutation of the Gene.

Mutations that affect the (TMEM173) gene cause a rare autoinflammatory syndrome, which is known as STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) and which was initially described in 2014 (1). Thus far, only four reports have been conducted regarding families affected with SAVI in the literature. In this article, the clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics of two generations (three cases) of SAVI are described.

Risk Factors of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Children With Kawasaki Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.

Previous studies have shown that children with Kawasaki disease (KD) who fail to respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy are at higher risk of developing coronary artery lesions (CALs). We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to uncover the risk factors associated with IVIG resistance in children with KD. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 31st October 2019, and 23 case-control studies were finally eligible, enrolling 2,053 patients of IVIG resistance and 16,635 patients of IVIG sensitivity.

Identification of a novel anti‑heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein antibody in patients with Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an idiopathic form of acute systemic vasculitis, which clinically mimics febrile diseases. Although it has been hypothesized that immune system malfunction is associated with KD, its etiology remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify a KD‑associated antibody.

New biomarkers of Kawasaki disease identified by urine proteomic analysis.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that mainly afflicts infants and young children. The symptoms of KD are similar to those of various febrile diseases. Here, we attempted to develop accurate diagnostic biomarkers of KD by performing urine proteomic analysis of samples from healthy controls, patients with KD, and patients with another febrile disease, pneumonia (two patients).

Detection of Subclinical Anthracyclines' Cardiotoxicity in Children with Solid Tumor.

Background: Cardiotoxicity is one of the most serious chronic complications of anthracyclines therapy. Assessment of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) fails to detect subtle cardiac dysfunction of left ventricular (LV). This study aimed to detect and evaluate new parameters of subclinical anthracyclines' cardiotoxicity in children with solid tumor.

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Coronary Abnormalities and Cardiac Function in a Murine Model of Kawasaki Disease Using High-frequency Ultrasound.

Background: Murine model of coronary arterial inflammation has been widely accepted as an animal model of and used in Kawasaki disease (KD). This study sought to evaluate the developmental changes of coronary arteries and cardiac function in a murine model of KD with a high-frequency ultrasound system and to provide evidence for the preparation of the model of KD.

Methods: Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract was prepared and injected into C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally (i.

Corticosteroid Therapy Might be Associated with the Development of Coronary Aneurysm in Children with Kawasaki Disease.

Background: Coronary artery lesions (CALs) are known to be the main complication in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). Instead of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), corticosteroid therapy has been accepted to be used for children with KD who are unresponsive to IVIG. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for CALs in children with KD.

Qing Re Liang Xue Decoction Alleviates Hypercoagulability in Kawasaki Disease.

Objective. Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystemic autoimmune vasculitis. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the first-line treatment for KD.

Salvianolic Acid B Down-regulates Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activity and Expression in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells.

Background: Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is a bioactive water-soluble compound of Salviae miltiorrhizae, a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This study sought to evaluate the effect of Sal B on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and on the underlying mechanisms in tumor necrosis factor-α± (TNF-α±)-activated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), a cell model of Kawasaki disease.

Methods: HCAECs were pretreated with 1-10 αμmol/L of Sal B, and then stimulated by TNF-α± at different time points.

[Evaluation and trend analysis of prepregnancy nutrition in Chinese women of reproductive age during 2010-2012].

Objective: To evaluate the prepregnancy nutritional status and analyze its trend in Chinese women of reproductive age during the period of 2010-2012.

Methods: Analyses of prepregnancy nutritional indicators were conducted for a total of 2 120 131women of reproductive age (aged 21-49 years) from 220 pilot counties of 31 provinces who participated in National Free Prepregnancy Health Examination Project from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012. The nutritional indicators involving body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (HB) concentration and fasting plasma glucose (FBG) were statistically analyzed with SPSS 17.

[Status assessment of preconception health risk exposure among 2 030 083 males in 31 provinces during 2010-2012].

Objective: To assess the exposure status of preconception health risk of Chinese males aged 21-49 years in 31 provinces and analyze the changes of their exposure status during 2010-2012.

Methods: The "Core Indicators of Preconception Health Risk Exposure Status in Chinese reproductive couples" were used to evaluate the preconception health risk of males aged 21-49 years who participated in National Free Preconception Health Examination Project. From January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012, a total of 2 030 083 males were recruited from 220 pilot counties of 31 provinces.

[Status assessment of preconception health risk exposure in Chinese reproductive women during 2010-2012].

Objective: To assess the exposure status of preconception health risk of Chinese reproductive women and analyze the changes of their exposure status during 2010-2012.

Methods: The "Core Indicators of Preconception Health Risk Exposure Status in Chinese reproductive couples" were used to evaluate the preconception health risk of women during reproductive period (aged 21-49 years) who participated in National Free Preconception Health Examination Project. From January 1, 2010 to December 31 2012 a total of 2 120 131 women were recruited from 220 pilot counties of 31 provinces.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ameliorates coronary artery elastin breakdown in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease.

Background: Coronary artery damage from Kawasaki disease (KD) is closely linked to the dysfunction of the endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modulatory effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on EPCs and elastin breakdown of coronary arteries in a KD mouse model.

Methods: A Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE)-induced KD model was established in C57BL/6 mice that were subsequently administrated with recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF).

Effect of pravastatin on endothelial dysfunction in children with medium to giant coronary aneurysms due to Kawasaki disease.

Background: Ongoing low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction persist in children with coronary lesions diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD). Statins, frequently used in the management of high cholesterol, have also shown to improve surrogate markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and safety of pravastatin in children with coronary artery aneurysms due to KD.

Whole bone marrow cell culture: A convenient protocol for the expansion of endothelial progenitor cells.

The number and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may be a predictive factor for the severity and outcome of cardiovascular disease. However, the manipulation of bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) cultures for EPCs is an elaborate and difficult procedure in small experimental animals. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of whole bone marrow cell (WBMC) culture for expanding EPCs in small experimental animals.

[Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin upon the overexpression and over-activation of nuclear factor-κB and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in murine model of Kawasaki disease].

Objective: To explore the changes of expression and biological activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) after using intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in a murine model of Kawasaki disease (KD) and elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of IVIG for the treatment of KD.

Methods: A total of 72 mice were categorized randomly into IVIG, KD and control groups.Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) was prepared and injected intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 mice to induce KD (0.

Effect of pravastatin on endothelial dysfunction in children with medium to giant coronary aneurysms due to Kawasaki disease.

Background: Ongoing low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction persist in children with coronary lesions diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD). Statins, frequently used in the management of high cholesterol, have also shown to improve surrogate markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and safety of pravastatin in children with coronary artery aneurysms due to KD.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension by upregulating endothelial progenitor cells via the nitric oxide system.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has exhibited efficacy at preventing the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, the exact mechanism is not completely clear. The aim of the present study was to assess whether this protective effect was mediated by the upregulation of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) via the nitric oxide (NO) system. PH was induced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by the administration of a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT).

[Evaluation of coronary artery diameter in normal children by echocardiography and its clinical significance].

Objective: To obtain normal range of coronary artery diameter with body surface area (BSA) dynamic changes in normal children at different age.

Method: The left main coronary artery (LCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX) and the right coronary artery (RCA) diameter were measured in 400 normal subjects from Chinese population aged 0 d to 18 years [(6.43 ± 4.

Clinical features of recurrent Kawasaki disease and its risk factors.

The clinical features and risk factors for recurrence of Kawasaki disease (KD) remain unclear. In order to summarize clinical features of recurrent KD and identify risk factors associated with recurrence, we conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of consecutive cases of KD from January 2002 to December 2010. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data were analyzed.