Bionic e-skin with precise multi-directional droplet sliding sensing for enhanced robotic perception.

Electronic skins with deep and comprehensive liquid information detection are desired to endow intelligent robotic devices with augmented perception and autonomous regulation in common droplet environments. At present, one technical limitation of electronic skins is the inability to perceive the liquid sliding information as realistically as humans and give feedback in time. To this critical challenge, in this work, a self-powered bionic droplet electronic skin is proposed by constructing an ingenious co-layer interlaced electrode network and using an overpass connection method.

Intelligent soft robotic fingers with multi-modality perception ability.

In the context of industry 4.0, automatic sorting is becoming prevalent in production lines. Herein, we developed a bionic sensing system to achieve real-time object recognition.

A Wearable Multidimensional Motion Sensor for AI-Enhanced VR Sports.

Regular exercise paves the way to a healthy life. However, conventional sports events are susceptible to weather conditions. Current motion sensors for home-based sports are mainly limited by operation power consumption, single-direction sensitivity, or inferior data analysis.

Soft Robotic Perception System with Ultrasonic Auto-Positioning and Multimodal Sensory Intelligence.

Flexible electronics such as tactile cognitive sensors have been broadly adopted in soft robotic manipulators to enable human-skin-mimetic perception. To achieve appropriate positioning for randomly distributed objects, an integrated guiding system is inevitable. Yet the conventional guiding system based on cameras or optical sensors exhibits limited environment adaptability, high data complexity, and low cost effectiveness.

Progress of Advanced Devices and Internet of Things Systems as Enabling Technologies for Smart Homes and Health Care.

In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, various devices (., sensors, actuators, energy harvesters, .) and systems have been developed toward the realization of smart homes/buildings and personal health care.

Human Machine Interface with Wearable Electronics Using Biodegradable Triboelectric Films for Calligraphy Practice and Correction.

Letter handwriting, especially stroke correction, is of great importance for recording languages and expressing and exchanging ideas for individual behavior and the public. In this study, a biodegradable and conductive carboxymethyl chitosan-silk fibroin (CSF) film is prepared to design wearable triboelectric nanogenerator (denoted as CSF-TENG), which outputs of V ≈ 165 V, I ≈ 1.4 μA, and Q ≈ 72 mW cm.

Augmented tactile-perception and haptic-feedback rings as human-machine interfaces aiming for immersive interactions.

Advancements of virtual reality technology pave the way for developing wearable devices to enable somatosensory sensation, which can bring more comprehensive perception and feedback in the metaverse-based virtual society. Here, we propose augmented tactile-perception and haptic-feedback rings with multimodal sensing and feedback capabilities. This highly integrated ring consists of triboelectric and pyroelectric sensors for tactile and temperature perception, and vibrators and nichrome heaters for vibro- and thermo-haptic feedback.

Soft Modular Glove with Multimodal Sensing and Augmented Haptic Feedback Enabled by Materials' Multifunctionalities.

Immersive communications rely on smart perception based on diversified and augmented sensing and feedback technologies. However, the increasing of functional components also raises the issue of increased system complexity. Here, we propose a modular soft glove with multimodal sensing and feedback functions by exploring and utilizing the multiple properties of glove materials.

Volatile organic compounds sensing based on Bennet doubler-inspired triboelectric nanogenerator and machine learning-assisted ion mobility analysis.

Ion mobility analysis is a well-known analytical technique for identifying gas-phase compounds in fast-response gas-monitoring systems. However, the conventional plasma discharge system is bulky, operates at a high temperature, and inappropriate for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration detection. Therefore, we report a machine learning (ML)-enhanced ion mobility analyzer with a triboelectric-based ionizer, which offers good ion mobility selectivity and VOC recognition ability with a small-sized device and non-strict operating environment.

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Enabled Virtual Shop Applications Using Self-Powered Sensor Enhanced Soft Robotic Manipulator.

Rapid advancements of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) technology pave the way for developing a digital-twin-based remote interactive system for advanced robotic-enabled industrial automation and virtual shopping. The embedded multifunctional perception system is urged for better interaction and user experience. To realize such a system, a smart soft robotic manipulator is presented that consists of a triboelectric nanogenerator tactile (T-TENG) and length (L-TENG) sensor, as well as a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) pyroelectric temperature sensor.

Low cost exoskeleton manipulator using bidirectional triboelectric sensors enhanced multiple degree of freedom sensory system.

Rapid developments of robotics and virtual reality technology are raising the requirements of more advanced human-machine interfaces for achieving efficient parallel control. Exoskeleton as an assistive wearable device, usually requires a huge cost and complex data processing to track the multi-dimensional human motions. Alternatively, we propose a triboelectric bi-directional sensor as a universal and cost-effective solution to a customized exoskeleton for monitoring all of the movable joints of the human upper limbs with low power consumption.

Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Hybridized Systems for Enabling Next-Generation IoT Applications.

In the past few years, triboelectric nanogenerator-based (TENG-based) hybrid generators and systems have experienced a widespread and flourishing development, ranging among almost every aspect of our lives, e.g., from industry to consumer, outdoor to indoor, and wearable to implantable applications.

Triboelectric nanogenerator sensors for soft robotics aiming at digital twin applications.

Designing efficient sensors for soft robotics aiming at human machine interaction remains a challenge. Here, we report a smart soft-robotic gripper system based on triboelectric nanogenerator sensors to capture the continuous motion and tactile information for soft gripper. With the special distributed electrodes, the tactile sensor can perceive the contact position and area of external stimuli.

Deep learning enabled smart mats as a scalable floor monitoring system.

Toward smart building and smart home, floor as one of our most frequently interactive interfaces can be implemented with embedded sensors to extract abundant sensory information without the video-taken concerns. Yet the previously developed floor sensors are normally of small scale, high implementation cost, large power consumption, and complicated device configuration. Here we show a smart floor monitoring system through the integration of self-powered triboelectric floor mats and deep learning-based data analytics.

Wearable Triboelectric/Aluminum Nitride Nano-Energy-Nano-System with Self-Sustainable Photonic Modulation and Continuous Force Sensing.

Wearable photonics offer a promising platform to complement the thriving complex wearable electronics system by providing high-speed data transmission channels and robust optical sensing paths. Regarding the realization of photonic computation and tunable (de)multiplexing functions based on system-level integration of abundant photonic modulators, it is challenging to reduce the overwhelming power consumption in traditional current-based silicon photonic modulators. This issue is addressed by integrating voltage-based aluminum nitride (AlN) modulator and textile triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG) on a wearable platform to form a nano-energy-nano-system (NENS).

Machine Learning Glove Using Self-Powered Conductive Superhydrophobic Triboelectric Textile for Gesture Recognition in VR/AR Applications.

The rapid progress of Internet of things (IoT) technology raises an imperative demand on human machine interfaces (HMIs) which provide a critical linkage between human and machines. Using a glove as an intuitive and low-cost HMI can expediently track the motions of human fingers, resulting in a straightforward communication media of human-machine interactions. When combining several triboelectric textile sensors and proper machine learning technique, it has great potential to realize complex gesture recognition with the minimalist-designed glove for the comprehensive control in both real and virtual space.

Wearable Triboelectric-Human-Machine Interface (THMI) Using Robust Nanophotonic Readout.

With the rapid advances in wearable electronics and photonics, self-sustainable wearable systems are desired to increase service life and reduce maintenance frequency. Triboelectric technology stands out as a promising versatile technology due to its flexibility, self-sustainability, broad material availability, low cost, and good scalability. Various triboelectric-human-machine interfaces (THMIs) have been developed including interactive gloves, eye blinking/body motion-triggered interfaces, voice/breath monitors, and self-induced wireless interfaces.

Haptic-feedback smart glove as a creative human-machine interface (HMI) for virtual/augmented reality applications.

Human-machine interfaces (HMIs) experience increasing requirements for intuitive and effective manipulation. Current commercialized solutions of glove-based HMI are limited by either detectable motions or the huge cost on fabrication, energy, and computing power. We propose the haptic-feedback smart glove with triboelectric-based finger bending sensors, palm sliding sensor, and piezoelectric mechanical stimulators.

Development Trends and Perspectives of Future Sensors and MEMS/NEMS.

With the fast development of the fifth-generation cellular network technology (5G), the future sensors and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)/nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are presenting a more and more critical role to provide information in our daily life. This review paper introduces the development trends and perspectives of the future sensors and MEMS/NEMS. Starting from the issues of the MEMS fabrication, we introduced typical MEMS sensors for their applications in the Internet of Things (IoTs), such as MEMS physical sensor, MEMS acoustic sensor, and MEMS gas sensor.